{"title":"Tunable crystallization behavior, memory effect, and thermo-mechanical properties of biobased polyamides PA5X","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.polymer.2024.127687","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To reduce carbon dioxide emissions, the development of sustainable bio-based polyamides with performance advantages has become the focus of widespread attention. 1,5-Pentanediamine (PDA) is a renewable monomer produced by decarboxylation of lysine, which can be used as a sustainable alternative to traditional petroleum-based diamines and play a crucial role in the synthesis of bio-based polyamides. Herein, a series of bio-based aliphatic polyamides (PA5X) synthesized from PDA and aliphatic diacids with different methylene groups were successfully prepared <em>via</em> melt polycondensation. Their chemical structures were characterized, and the effects of diacid chain length on crystallization behavior, memory effect, and thermo-mechanical properties were emphatically investigated. The results show that the melting and crystallization temperatures of PA5X decrease with increasing diacid chain length. Meanwhile, the PA5X exhibits high thermal stability, with <em>T</em><sub>d,5 %</sub> exceeding 380 °C. Unlike the even-even polyamide, the crystalline form of PA5X is <em>γ</em>-form, and the crystallization behavior and spherulitic morphology change significantly with diacid chain length, which is attributed to the complex entanglement effects. More particularly, the correlation between the diacid chain length and the melt memory effect is explored. PA56 with shorter methylene groups exhibits stronger melt memory effects due to the memory effects being directly affected by segmental chain interactions. Moreover, PA5X exhibits comparable or even superior tensile strength and ductility compared with hexamethylenediamine-based polyamide (PA6X) and reported fully bio-based PA11. This work provides a comprehensive investigation into the structure-property relationship of the bio-based polyamide PA5X, demonstrating great potential for application in high-performance eco-friendly materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":405,"journal":{"name":"Polymer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Polymer","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0032386124010231","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"POLYMER SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
To reduce carbon dioxide emissions, the development of sustainable bio-based polyamides with performance advantages has become the focus of widespread attention. 1,5-Pentanediamine (PDA) is a renewable monomer produced by decarboxylation of lysine, which can be used as a sustainable alternative to traditional petroleum-based diamines and play a crucial role in the synthesis of bio-based polyamides. Herein, a series of bio-based aliphatic polyamides (PA5X) synthesized from PDA and aliphatic diacids with different methylene groups were successfully prepared via melt polycondensation. Their chemical structures were characterized, and the effects of diacid chain length on crystallization behavior, memory effect, and thermo-mechanical properties were emphatically investigated. The results show that the melting and crystallization temperatures of PA5X decrease with increasing diacid chain length. Meanwhile, the PA5X exhibits high thermal stability, with Td,5 % exceeding 380 °C. Unlike the even-even polyamide, the crystalline form of PA5X is γ-form, and the crystallization behavior and spherulitic morphology change significantly with diacid chain length, which is attributed to the complex entanglement effects. More particularly, the correlation between the diacid chain length and the melt memory effect is explored. PA56 with shorter methylene groups exhibits stronger melt memory effects due to the memory effects being directly affected by segmental chain interactions. Moreover, PA5X exhibits comparable or even superior tensile strength and ductility compared with hexamethylenediamine-based polyamide (PA6X) and reported fully bio-based PA11. This work provides a comprehensive investigation into the structure-property relationship of the bio-based polyamide PA5X, demonstrating great potential for application in high-performance eco-friendly materials.
期刊介绍:
Polymer is an interdisciplinary journal dedicated to publishing innovative and significant advances in Polymer Physics, Chemistry and Technology. We welcome submissions on polymer hybrids, nanocomposites, characterisation and self-assembly. Polymer also publishes work on the technological application of polymers in energy and optoelectronics.
The main scope is covered but not limited to the following core areas:
Polymer Materials
Nanocomposites and hybrid nanomaterials
Polymer blends, films, fibres, networks and porous materials
Physical Characterization
Characterisation, modelling and simulation* of molecular and materials properties in bulk, solution, and thin films
Polymer Engineering
Advanced multiscale processing methods
Polymer Synthesis, Modification and Self-assembly
Including designer polymer architectures, mechanisms and kinetics, and supramolecular polymerization
Technological Applications
Polymers for energy generation and storage
Polymer membranes for separation technology
Polymers for opto- and microelectronics.