Robust online monitoring system for PCDD/Fs in a full-scale MSWI by Deans switch: Efficiently separation and purification

IF 5.6 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS Journal of The Energy Institute Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI:10.1016/j.joei.2024.101852
Lulu Dong , Wenqian Jiang , Minghui Tang , Kaicheng Wu , Shijian Xiong , Shengyong Lu , Fanjie Shang
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Abstract

Existing online monitoring system for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), technically named Thermal Desorption-Gas Chromatography-Tunable Laser Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (TD-GC-TLI-TOFMS), has been applied in several incinerators in China. TD-GC-TLI-TOFMS can realize rapid detection of PCDD/Fs emissions from incineration sources. However, the long-term measurement of unclean flue gas will pollute the instruments in TD-GC-TLI-TOFMS, and interfere with the peak output of the target 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (1,2,4-TrCBz). In this study, Deans switch (DS) was utilized for the first time in an online monitoring system for PCDD/Fs to separate 1,2,4-TrCBz signal from impurity signals, which improved the anti-interference capability of the system. Laboratory standard gas experiments showed that after adding a DS device between GC and TLI pulse valve, when the pressure set in DS was 4 psi and switched before or near the peak output of 1,2,4-TrCBz, the change of 1,2,4-TrCBz signal intensity was minimal. The impurities near the target peak were removed, and TLI-TOFMS was highly stable during continuous measurement. Moreover, the maximum intensity peak time of 1,2,4-TrCBz was stable after using DS in different switching time intervals. When connecting DS to TD-GC-TLI-TOFMS for field validation on the tail flue gas of a municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI), results showed that a better 1,2,4-TrCBz signal could be obtained with a 69.52 % reduction of impurity peaks at the moments closer to the target peak. Furthermore, DS improved the sensitivity of the system to low concentration variations of 1,2,4-TrCBz in the flue gas. The robust system developed in this study can be better applied to incineration factories with poor combustion or suboptimal purification technology, facilitating online PCDD/Fs monitoring.
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通过迪恩斯开关,对大规模 MSWI 中的多氯二苯并对二恶英和多氯二苯并呋喃进行在线监测:高效分离和净化
现有的多氯二苯并对二恶英和多氯二苯并呋喃(PCDD/Fs)在线监测系统,专业名称为热脱附-气相色谱-可调激光电离-飞行时间质谱联用仪(TD-GC-TLI-TOFMS),已在国内多个焚烧厂应用。TD-GC-TLI-TOFMS 可以实现对焚烧源中多氯二苯并对二恶英和多氯二苯并呋喃排放的快速检测。然而,长期测量不洁烟气会污染 TD-GC-TLI-TOFMS 中的仪器,干扰目标物 1,2,4-三氯苯(1,2,4-TrCBz)的峰值输出。本研究首次在多氯二苯并对二恶英/多氯二苯并呋喃在线监测系统中使用了迪恩斯开关(DS),将 1,2,4-TrCBz 信号从杂质信号中分离出来,提高了系统的抗干扰能力。实验室标准气体实验表明,在气相色谱仪和 TLI 脉冲阀之间增加 DS 装置后,当 DS 设定的压力为 4 psi,并在 1,2,4-TrCBz 峰输出之前或附近切换时,1,2,4-TrCBz 信号强度的变化很小。目标峰附近的杂质被清除,TLI-TOFMS 在连续测量过程中高度稳定。此外,在不同的切换时间间隔内使用 DS 后,1,2,4-TrCBz 的最大强度峰时间也很稳定。将 DS 与 TD-GC-TLI-TOFMS 连接起来对城市固体废物焚化炉(MSWI)的尾气进行现场验证时,结果表明可以获得更好的 1,2,4-TrCBz 信号,在更接近目标峰的时刻杂质峰减少了 69.52%。此外,DS 还提高了系统对烟气中 1,2,4-TrCBz 低浓度变化的灵敏度。本研究开发的稳健系统可更好地应用于燃烧不充分或净化技术不理想的焚烧厂,从而促进多氯二苯并对二恶英和多氯二苯并呋喃的在线监测。
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来源期刊
Journal of The Energy Institute
Journal of The Energy Institute 工程技术-能源与燃料
CiteScore
10.60
自引率
5.30%
发文量
166
审稿时长
16 days
期刊介绍: The Journal of the Energy Institute provides peer reviewed coverage of original high quality research on energy, engineering and technology.The coverage is broad and the main areas of interest include: Combustion engineering and associated technologies; process heating; power generation; engines and propulsion; emissions and environmental pollution control; clean coal technologies; carbon abatement technologies Emissions and environmental pollution control; safety and hazards; Clean coal technologies; carbon abatement technologies, including carbon capture and storage, CCS; Petroleum engineering and fuel quality, including storage and transport Alternative energy sources; biomass utilisation and biomass conversion technologies; energy from waste, incineration and recycling Energy conversion, energy recovery and energy efficiency; space heating, fuel cells, heat pumps and cooling systems Energy storage The journal''s coverage reflects changes in energy technology that result from the transition to more efficient energy production and end use together with reduced carbon emission.
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