Journal of The Energy Institute最新文献

Study on the correlation between coal property parameters and its pyrolysis heat absorption

IF 5.6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Journal of The Energy Institute

Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2025.102061

Ziang Wang , Cheng Li , Zheng Wang , Tao Wang , Gartzen Lopez , Liang Wang

Coal properties are important factors affecting the coal pyrolysis heat absorption. In this work, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) method was used to measure the pyrolysis heat absorption of 20 coal samples with different degrees of coalification, including anthracites, bituminous coals, and lignites, to improve understandings about correlation between coal pyrolysis heat absorption and coal property parameters. The pyrolysis heat absorption of coal ranges from 3.2 to 9.1 kJ/g, with the lowest one for lignites and the highest one for bituminous coals. The grey relation analysis was used to identify and assess the correlation degrees between coal pyrolysis heat absorption and coal properties, including proximate analysis, caking index, thickness of colloidal matter layer, vitrinite reflectance, activation energy of pyrolysis reaction. The results showed that the fixed carbon content and activation energy of pyrolysis reaction have the highest correlation degrees with the pyrolysis heat absorption of the studied coals. The activation energy of pyrolysis reaction is linearly positively correlated with the pyrolysis heat absorption of the studied coals. The fixed carbon content and heat absorption are segmented linearly positively correlated, and the segmental point is about 75 % of the fixed carbon content, a correlation equation is provided to estimate the pyrolysis heat absorption of coal based on the fixed carbon content. The comparison between previous studies and present study on the correlation of coal pyrolysis heat absorption and coal property parameter was also discussed.

{"title":"Study on the correlation between coal property parameters and its pyrolysis heat absorption","authors":"Ziang Wang , Cheng Li , Zheng Wang , Tao Wang , Gartzen Lopez , Liang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102061","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coal properties are important factors affecting the coal pyrolysis heat absorption. In this work, thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) method was used to measure the pyrolysis heat absorption of 20 coal samples with different degrees of coalification, including anthracites, bituminous coals, and lignites, to improve understandings about correlation between coal pyrolysis heat absorption and coal property parameters. The pyrolysis heat absorption of coal ranges from 3.2 to 9.1 kJ/g, with the lowest one for lignites and the highest one for bituminous coals. The grey relation analysis was used to identify and assess the correlation degrees between coal pyrolysis heat absorption and coal properties, including proximate analysis, caking index, thickness of colloidal matter layer, vitrinite reflectance, activation energy of pyrolysis reaction. The results showed that the fixed carbon content and activation energy of pyrolysis reaction have the highest correlation degrees with the pyrolysis heat absorption of the studied coals. The activation energy of pyrolysis reaction is linearly positively correlated with the pyrolysis heat absorption of the studied coals. The fixed carbon content and heat absorption are segmented linearly positively correlated, and the segmental point is about 75 % of the fixed carbon content, a correlation equation is provided to estimate the pyrolysis heat absorption of coal based on the fixed carbon content. The comparison between previous studies and present study on the correlation of coal pyrolysis heat absorption and coal property parameter was also discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102061"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143526847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research progress of the synergistic removal of nitrogen oxides(NOx)and chlorinated volatile organic compounds(CVOCs)in industrial flue gas

IF 5.6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Journal of The Energy Institute

Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2025.102058

Ao Huang , Dongrui Kang , Chenguang Zhang , Litong Lu , Boxiong Shen

The escalating proportions of nitrogen oxides (NO_x) and chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) emissions from industrial flue gas have caused widespread concern. Presently, NH₃-SCR technology has attained widespread industrial application. The synergistic removal of NO_x and CVOCs within denitrification equipment is a promising and practical technology. However, in practical industrial emissions, complex components in flue gas will negatively affect the synergistic removal of NO_x and CVOCs. In this paper, the characteristics of NH₃-SCR and CVOCs catalytic oxidation reaction systems were systematically summarized separately, and the reciprocal interaction mechanism of the two reaction systems in the synergistic collaborative removal of NO_x/CVOCs was discussed in detail. In addition, it conducts a multifaceted analysis to outline the impacts of additional gas constituents (SO₂, heavy metals, HCl) in complex environmental settings on the NO_x/CVOCs co-abatement process. Furthermore, the method of designing the catalyst to obtain the appropriate surface properties by adjusting the electron structure and electron conductivity is introduced. In conclusion, the study delineates its limitations and proposes avenues for future research development. It is envisaged that this review can bridge the gap between the development of catalysts for the synergistic removal of NO_x/CVOCs and the practical imperatives, thus furnishing invaluable insights for industrial implementation.

{"title":"Research progress of the synergistic removal of nitrogen oxides(NOx)and chlorinated volatile organic compounds(CVOCs)in industrial flue gas","authors":"Ao Huang , Dongrui Kang , Chenguang Zhang , Litong Lu , Boxiong Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The escalating proportions of nitrogen oxides (NO<sub>x</sub>) and chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) emissions from industrial flue gas have caused widespread concern. Presently, NH<sub>3</sub>-SCR technology has attained widespread industrial application. The synergistic removal of NO<sub>x</sub> and CVOCs within denitrification equipment is a promising and practical technology. However, in practical industrial emissions, complex components in flue gas will negatively affect the synergistic removal of NO<sub>x</sub> and CVOCs. In this paper, the characteristics of NH<sub>3</sub>-SCR and CVOCs catalytic oxidation reaction systems were systematically summarized separately, and the reciprocal interaction mechanism of the two reaction systems in the synergistic collaborative removal of NO<sub>x</sub>/CVOCs was discussed in detail. In addition, it conducts a multifaceted analysis to outline the impacts of additional gas constituents (SO<sub>2</sub>, heavy metals, HCl) in complex environmental settings on the NO<sub>x</sub>/CVOCs co-abatement process. Furthermore, the method of designing the catalyst to obtain the appropriate surface properties by adjusting the electron structure and electron conductivity is introduced. In conclusion, the study delineates its limitations and proposes avenues for future research development. It is envisaged that this review can bridge the gap between the development of catalysts for the synergistic removal of NO<sub>x</sub>/CVOCs and the practical imperatives, thus furnishing invaluable insights for industrial implementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102058"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of promoters and calcination temperature on the performance of nickel silica core-shell catalyst in biogas dry reforming

IF 5.6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Journal of The Energy Institute

Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2025.102062

Maryam Kaviani, Mehran Rezaei, Seyed Mehdi Alavi, Ehsan Akbari

In this article, a facile ammonia evaporation method was adopted to synthesize a series of Ni-M-SiO₂@SiO₂ catalysts promoted with Ce, Zr, La, Co and Mg in order to examine the effect of promoters on the catalytic performance of the core-shell catalyst in biogas dry reforming. The obtained outcomes exhibited that rare earth oxide promoted catalyst displayed higher catalytic activity than the unpromoted catalyst. In addition, when the content of cerium oxide increased from 1 wt% to 5 wt% activity of the catalyst increased from 47.5 % to 57.2 % at 600 °C. Acquired results exhibited that, adding 1 wt% cerium oxide to Ni-SiO₂@SiO₂ led to improved dry reforming activity and decreased carbon formation during 12 h dry reforming reaction. 10Ni-1Ce-SiO₂@SiO₂ core-shell catalyst showed higher catalytic activity and lower coke formation than the (10Ni-1Ce)/SiO₂ impregnated catalyst. This observation is because the shell of the catalysts provided steric physical barriers against nickel particles growth, also the nickel phyllosilicate structure posted chemical force that could fix the position of metal particles. The catalytic performance of the catalyst with 1 % cerium oxide was enhanced by enhancing calcination temperature from 700 to 900 °C owing to increase metal-support interaction.

{"title":"Effect of promoters and calcination temperature on the performance of nickel silica core-shell catalyst in biogas dry reforming","authors":"Maryam Kaviani, Mehran Rezaei, Seyed Mehdi Alavi, Ehsan Akbari","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this article, a facile ammonia evaporation method was adopted to synthesize a series of Ni-M-SiO<sub>2</sub>@SiO<sub>2</sub> catalysts promoted with Ce, Zr, La, Co and Mg in order to examine the effect of promoters on the catalytic performance of the core-shell catalyst in biogas dry reforming. The obtained outcomes exhibited that rare earth oxide promoted catalyst displayed higher catalytic activity than the unpromoted catalyst. In addition, when the content of cerium oxide increased from 1 wt% to 5 wt% activity of the catalyst increased from 47.5 % to 57.2 % at 600 °C. Acquired results exhibited that, adding 1 wt% cerium oxide to Ni-SiO<sub>2</sub>@SiO<sub>2</sub> led to improved dry reforming activity and decreased carbon formation during 12 h dry reforming reaction. 10Ni-1Ce-SiO<sub>2</sub>@SiO<sub>2</sub> core-shell catalyst showed higher catalytic activity and lower coke formation than the (10Ni-1Ce)/SiO<sub>2</sub> impregnated catalyst. This observation is because the shell of the catalysts provided steric physical barriers against nickel particles growth, also the nickel phyllosilicate structure posted chemical force that could fix the position of metal particles. The catalytic performance of the catalyst with 1 % cerium oxide was enhanced by enhancing calcination temperature from 700 to 900 °C owing to increase metal-support interaction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102062"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental evaluation of ammonia injection strategies for different solid fuel types in drop tube furnace for carbon-free energy transition in thermal power plants

IF 5.6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Journal of The Energy Institute

Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2025.102060

Sang-Hwa Song , Ji-Hwan Lee , Hyeong-Bin Moon , Seung-Mo Kim , Gyeong-Min Kim , Chung-Hwan Jeon

Ammonia, known for its high hydrogen content and favorable storage properties, is emerging as a key carbon-neutral fuel for the global energy transition. South Korea aims to demonstrate the application of ammonia in existing coal-fired power plant boilers by 2027, targeting a reduction in CO₂ emissions. However, research in this area is crucial because the combustibility and exhaust gas composition, which are vital for power plant operations, may change. This study investigates the impact of ammonia injection position and coal grade on combustibility and exhaust gas in coal-fired power plants using an ammonia drop tube furnace (ADTF). Experimental results indicate that ammonia injection position significantly influences combustibility and exhaust gas. Sub-bituminous coal (Coal B), with higher volatile matter content, exhibited enhanced combustibility and lower unburned carbon (UBC) emissions compared to bituminous coal (Coal A). NOx emissions were significantly reduced when ammonia was injected downstream because of its function as a reducing agent. Particularly for coal B, when injected at the lowest position, it exhibited a lower emission (91.74 ppm) compared to the complete combustion of the coal (123.82 ppm). The combustion trends of mixed coal resembled those of Coal A; however, it presented a viable approach for enhancing high-grade coal utilization and demonstrated superior emission characteristics in certain respects compared to single coal. These findings demonstrate the potential of ammonia-coal co-firing to reduce CO₂ and NOx emissions in coal combustion while improving boiler combustion efficiency. Such insights are expected to significantly contribute to the demonstration project of ammonia-coal co-firing power generation.

{"title":"Experimental evaluation of ammonia injection strategies for different solid fuel types in drop tube furnace for carbon-free energy transition in thermal power plants","authors":"Sang-Hwa Song , Ji-Hwan Lee , Hyeong-Bin Moon , Seung-Mo Kim , Gyeong-Min Kim , Chung-Hwan Jeon","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ammonia, known for its high hydrogen content and favorable storage properties, is emerging as a key carbon-neutral fuel for the global energy transition. South Korea aims to demonstrate the application of ammonia in existing coal-fired power plant boilers by 2027, targeting a reduction in CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. However, research in this area is crucial because the combustibility and exhaust gas composition, which are vital for power plant operations, may change. This study investigates the impact of ammonia injection position and coal grade on combustibility and exhaust gas in coal-fired power plants using an ammonia drop tube furnace (ADTF). Experimental results indicate that ammonia injection position significantly influences combustibility and exhaust gas. Sub-bituminous coal (Coal B), with higher volatile matter content, exhibited enhanced combustibility and lower unburned carbon (UBC) emissions compared to bituminous coal (Coal A). NOx emissions were significantly reduced when ammonia was injected downstream because of its function as a reducing agent. Particularly for coal B, when injected at the lowest position, it exhibited a lower emission (91.74 ppm) compared to the complete combustion of the coal (123.82 ppm). The combustion trends of mixed coal resembled those of Coal A; however, it presented a viable approach for enhancing high-grade coal utilization and demonstrated superior emission characteristics in certain respects compared to single coal. These findings demonstrate the potential of ammonia-coal co-firing to reduce CO<sub>2</sub> and NOx emissions in coal combustion while improving boiler combustion efficiency. Such insights are expected to significantly contribute to the demonstration project of ammonia-coal co-firing power generation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102060"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143534359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of ammonia addition on soot and precursors formation in 1-butene pyrolysis: View from solid particles

IF 5.6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Journal of The Energy Institute

Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2025.102063

Chen Chen , Yaoyao Ying , Kaixuan Yang , Dandan Qi , Runtian Yu , Mingxiao Chen , Dong Liu

Ammonia, a zero-carbon and hydrogen-rich fuel, has the potential to regulate the emission of soot particulates. In this work, soot nanostructure and related reactivity evolution in 1-butene/ammonia co-pyrolysis at various gas flow rates were investigated. Transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy were adopted to characterize soot morphology and its nanostructure, thermogravimetric analysis was used to evaluate soot reactivity, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and elemental analysis were employed to investigate soot chemical composition. Results revealed that increasing gas flow rate and ammonia content both led to a decrease in primary particle diameter, whose fringe length was negatively correlated with the gas flow rate, while blending NH₃ had no obvious impact on structural parameters. Rising gas flow rate enhanced the soot oxidation reactivity by reducing its residence time in the high-temperature reaction region, where it did not undergo sufficient carbonization. The introduction of nitrogen-containing species depleted available carbon source for soot formation, and deactivated the reaction sites by binding with the defective carbon in the carbon layer, thus inhibiting the surface growth of soot. Nitrogen atoms embedded in the soot particles were predominantly found in the form of pyridines. The inhibitory effect of added ammonia on soot reactivity depended on adequate gas residence time. The coupling relationship of gaseous soot precursors and solid particles formation with ammonia addition has been further developed in conjunction with the previous work.

{"title":"Effects of ammonia addition on soot and precursors formation in 1-butene pyrolysis: View from solid particles","authors":"Chen Chen , Yaoyao Ying , Kaixuan Yang , Dandan Qi , Runtian Yu , Mingxiao Chen , Dong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102063","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ammonia, a zero-carbon and hydrogen-rich fuel, has the potential to regulate the emission of soot particulates. In this work, soot nanostructure and related reactivity evolution in 1-butene/ammonia co-pyrolysis at various gas flow rates were investigated. Transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy were adopted to characterize soot morphology and its nanostructure, thermogravimetric analysis was used to evaluate soot reactivity, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and elemental analysis were employed to investigate soot chemical composition. Results revealed that increasing gas flow rate and ammonia content both led to a decrease in primary particle diameter, whose fringe length was negatively correlated with the gas flow rate, while blending NH<sub>3</sub> had no obvious impact on structural parameters. Rising gas flow rate enhanced the soot oxidation reactivity by reducing its residence time in the high-temperature reaction region, where it did not undergo sufficient carbonization. The introduction of nitrogen-containing species depleted available carbon source for soot formation, and deactivated the reaction sites by binding with the defective carbon in the carbon layer, thus inhibiting the surface growth of soot. Nitrogen atoms embedded in the soot particles were predominantly found in the form of pyridines. The inhibitory effect of added ammonia on soot reactivity depended on adequate gas residence time. The coupling relationship of gaseous soot precursors and solid particles formation with ammonia addition has been further developed in conjunction with the previous work.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102063"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143526848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhanced stability of Cu-ZnO-CeO2 catalyst with active carbon coating for methanol steam reforming on cordierite honeycomb ceramics 堇青石蜂窝陶瓷上用于甲醇蒸汽转化的带有活性炭涂层的 Cu-ZnO-CeO2 催化剂稳定性增强

IF 5.6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Journal of The Energy Institute

Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2025.102054

Shaoqin Huang , Wenming Guo , Hang Qin , Yi Zhang , Chenxu Guo , Ziru Huang , Wen Xie , Pengzhao Gao , Hanning Xiao

Methanol steam reforming (MSR) represents a promising technology for hydrogen generation, particularly applicable to polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), tackling issues related to transportation and storage. However, designing a catalyst which achieves low pressure drop, high activity and stability remains a significant challenge. This study aims to develop a coating to enhance both catalytic activity and stability during MSR. The cordierite honeycomb ceramic was modified with an active carbon coating and subsequently loaded with Cu-ZnO-CeO₂ catalysts. The characteristics of the catalyst particles and coating on the cordierite honeycomb ceramics were analyzed before and after the reaction, and compared to the catalyst loaded in Al₂O₃ coating under similar condition. The results demonstrated that the catalyst loaded on active carbon coating exhibits superior activity and stability. Specifically, the 25 wt% catalyst displayed the highest activity, achieving maximum methanol conversion at 270 °C and maintaining 93 % methanol conversion after 100 h of reaction. The pore structure of the active carbon coating resulted in a particle size of 7 nm before the reaction and 11 nm after the reaction, which inhibited particle agglomeration and improved the stability of the catalyst. This study highlights the potential application of active carbon coating in improving the stability of methanol reforming catalysts for hydrogen production.

{"title":"Enhanced stability of Cu-ZnO-CeO2 catalyst with active carbon coating for methanol steam reforming on cordierite honeycomb ceramics","authors":"Shaoqin Huang , Wenming Guo , Hang Qin , Yi Zhang , Chenxu Guo , Ziru Huang , Wen Xie , Pengzhao Gao , Hanning Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Methanol steam reforming (MSR) represents a promising technology for hydrogen generation, particularly applicable to polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), tackling issues related to transportation and storage. However, designing a catalyst which achieves low pressure drop, high activity and stability remains a significant challenge. This study aims to develop a coating to enhance both catalytic activity and stability during MSR. The cordierite honeycomb ceramic was modified with an active carbon coating and subsequently loaded with Cu-ZnO-CeO<sub>2</sub> catalysts. The characteristics of the catalyst particles and coating on the cordierite honeycomb ceramics were analyzed before and after the reaction, and compared to the catalyst loaded in Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> coating under similar condition. The results demonstrated that the catalyst loaded on active carbon coating exhibits superior activity and stability. Specifically, the 25 wt% catalyst displayed the highest activity, achieving maximum methanol conversion at 270 °C and maintaining 93 % methanol conversion after 100 h of reaction. The pore structure of the active carbon coating resulted in a particle size of 7 nm before the reaction and 11 nm after the reaction, which inhibited particle agglomeration and improved the stability of the catalyst. This study highlights the potential application of active carbon coating in improving the stability of methanol reforming catalysts for hydrogen production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102054"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143519391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigation of an optimal exhaust gas recirculation rate on a four-stroke spark-ignited LPG engine

IF 5.6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Journal of The Energy Institute

Pub Date : 2025-02-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2025.102048

Ahmed Naima Issa , Jeong Kuk Kim , Kang Woo Chun , Jae-Hyuk Choi , Won-Ju Lee

To determine the optimal exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rate that can optimize a spark-ignited (SI) liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) engine's performance without compromising emissions, the effects of EGR rates on combustion performance and emission characteristics of a four-stroke SI LPG engine were investigated. Experimental investigations with 0 % and fixed 13.9 % EGR rate were conducted on the SI LPG engine. Afterward, three-dimensional (3D) simulation cases of EGR rates ranging between 0 % and 30 % were modeled while maintaining the SI LPG engine's constant initial operating conditions. Simulation results were validated by the experimental engine results and showed a good agreement. For in-cylinder temperature and pressure, the changes are slightly insensitive between 0 % and 15 % EGR rate resulting to the reduction of engine output power by less than 10.25 %. Between 0 % and 15 %, NOx was significantly reduced, however, an EGR rate of 10 % and 15 % resulted in 1.85g/kWh and 0.83g/kWh NO emissions which are in compliance with NOx Tier III control requirements of the experimental engine. CO emissions were insignificant between 10 % and 15 % EGR rate with an increase of 2.23 %. Soot emissions were significantly lower between 0 % and 15 % EGR rates, but increased sharply at 20 %, 25 %, and 30 % EGR rates by 0.012, 0.022, and 0.028g/kWh respectively which challenges the assumption that SI LPG engines are clean fuels with minimal soot. The results offer valuable insights that promote the use of the EGR strategy at enhancing the SI LPG engine's combustion performance and controlling exhaust emissions.

{"title":"Investigation of an optimal exhaust gas recirculation rate on a four-stroke spark-ignited LPG engine","authors":"Ahmed Naima Issa , Jeong Kuk Kim , Kang Woo Chun , Jae-Hyuk Choi , Won-Ju Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To determine the optimal exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rate that can optimize a spark-ignited (SI) liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) engine's performance without compromising emissions, the effects of EGR rates on combustion performance and emission characteristics of a four-stroke SI LPG engine were investigated. Experimental investigations with 0 % and fixed 13.9 % EGR rate were conducted on the SI LPG engine. Afterward, three-dimensional (3D) simulation cases of EGR rates ranging between 0 % and 30 % were modeled while maintaining the SI LPG engine's constant initial operating conditions. Simulation results were validated by the experimental engine results and showed a good agreement. For in-cylinder temperature and pressure, the changes are slightly insensitive between 0 % and 15 % EGR rate resulting to the reduction of engine output power by less than 10.25 %. Between 0 % and 15 %, NOx was significantly reduced, however, an EGR rate of 10 % and 15 % resulted in 1.85g/kWh and 0.83g/kWh NO emissions which are in compliance with NOx Tier III control requirements of the experimental engine. CO emissions were insignificant between 10 % and 15 % EGR rate with an increase of 2.23 %. Soot emissions were significantly lower between 0 % and 15 % EGR rates, but increased sharply at 20 %, 25 %, and 30 % EGR rates by 0.012, 0.022, and 0.028g/kWh respectively which challenges the assumption that SI LPG engines are clean fuels with minimal soot. The results offer valuable insights that promote the use of the EGR strategy at enhancing the SI LPG engine's combustion performance and controlling exhaust emissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102048"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143534452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of H2O on NO emission during oxy-fuel co-combustion of coal/NH3 by experimental investigation and molecular dynamic calculation

IF 5.6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Journal of The Energy Institute

Pub Date : 2025-02-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2025.102049

Ming Lei , Zhilin Zhao , Yujie Hu , Wei Liu , Dikun Hong , Qian Zhang , Lei Zhang

To reduce CO₂ emission in power station, coal and ammonia co-combustion in boilers has garnered widespread attention. In this work, NO release behaviors of coal and ammonia co-combustion at O₂/H₂O/CO₂ atmosphere with different H₂O concentration are analyzed by experiment and molecular dynamics calculation. The results reveal that NO emission increases with the ratio of blending NH₃ increasing, but it is relatively low when only ammonia is burned. As coal and ammonia are co-fired, the NO emission rises with the H₂O concentration increasing from 0 % to 30 %. Reactive force field molecular dynamic (ReaxFF MD) simulations exhibit that the increase in combustion temperature promotes the intermediates contained nitrogen to convert to NO, and the NO formation rate is accelerated. With the rise in H₂O concentration, the NO formation in the initial stage of the reaction is accelerated, mainly because the increase of the H₂O concentration greatly accelerates the OH formation.

{"title":"The impact of H2O on NO emission during oxy-fuel co-combustion of coal/NH3 by experimental investigation and molecular dynamic calculation","authors":"Ming Lei , Zhilin Zhao , Yujie Hu , Wei Liu , Dikun Hong , Qian Zhang , Lei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To reduce CO<sub>2</sub> emission in power station, coal and ammonia co-combustion in boilers has garnered widespread attention. In this work, NO release behaviors of coal and ammonia co-combustion at O<sub>2</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>O/CO<sub>2</sub> atmosphere with different H<sub>2</sub>O concentration are analyzed by experiment and molecular dynamics calculation. The results reveal that NO emission increases with the ratio of blending NH<sub>3</sub> increasing, but it is relatively low when only ammonia is burned. As coal and ammonia are co-fired, the NO emission rises with the H<sub>2</sub>O concentration increasing from 0 % to 30 %. Reactive force field molecular dynamic (ReaxFF MD) simulations exhibit that the increase in combustion temperature promotes the intermediates contained nitrogen to convert to NO, and the NO formation rate is accelerated. With the rise in H<sub>2</sub>O concentration, the NO formation in the initial stage of the reaction is accelerated, mainly because the increase of the H<sub>2</sub>O concentration greatly accelerates the OH formation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102049"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143508950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Propanol and its blend in diesel engines: An extensive review

IF 5.6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Journal of The Energy Institute

Pub Date : 2025-02-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2025.102047

Yahya Çelebi , Mazlum Cengiz , Hüseyin Aydın

Renewable energy resources offer remarkable solutions to energy-related issues of reserve depletion and the emissions of harmful substances caused by fossil fuels. Energy demand increases as the world population grows. To fulfill the worldwide growing energy demand, especially in the transportation sector, biofuels are viable candidates to be used as partial or fully in diesel engines within existing engine infrastructure thanks to their abundant feedstocks and low costs. Propanol is one promising fuel for diesel engines. It can be produced from both petrochemical and biochemical routes which make it feasible to produce on large-scale. Moreover, it has higher energy content and boiling point, and lower hygroscopicity in comparison with lower alcohols. This review study explores comprehensive utilization of propanol and its blends in diesel engines to show its impacts on combustion behaviors, performance metrics and exhaust emissions. Furthermore, the paper comprehensively analyzes the production techniques, supply and demand trends, sustainability and safety considerations and other fuel applications of propanol. The paper concludes by highlighting key findings and identifying areas for further research. Overall, this review offers crucial insights into the potential of propanol to decrease the dependence on fossil diesel fuel and improve engine performance and its associated emissions.

{"title":"Propanol and its blend in diesel engines: An extensive review","authors":"Yahya Çelebi , Mazlum Cengiz , Hüseyin Aydın","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Renewable energy resources offer remarkable solutions to energy-related issues of reserve depletion and the emissions of harmful substances caused by fossil fuels. Energy demand increases as the world population grows. To fulfill the worldwide growing energy demand, especially in the transportation sector, biofuels are viable candidates to be used as partial or fully in diesel engines within existing engine infrastructure thanks to their abundant feedstocks and low costs. Propanol is one promising fuel for diesel engines. It can be produced from both petrochemical and biochemical routes which make it feasible to produce on large-scale. Moreover, it has higher energy content and boiling point, and lower hygroscopicity in comparison with lower alcohols. This review study explores comprehensive utilization of propanol and its blends in diesel engines to show its impacts on combustion behaviors, performance metrics and exhaust emissions. Furthermore, the paper comprehensively analyzes the production techniques, supply and demand trends, sustainability and safety considerations and other fuel applications of propanol. The paper concludes by highlighting key findings and identifying areas for further research. Overall, this review offers crucial insights into the potential of propanol to decrease the dependence on fossil diesel fuel and improve engine performance and its associated emissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102047"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143480155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Innovative non-thermal plasma treated NiMo-ADM zeolite catalyst for dry reforming of methane

IF 5.6 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS

Journal of The Energy Institute

Pub Date : 2025-02-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.joei.2025.102050

Jinzhao Liu , Junguang Meng , Conghuan Zou , Xinye Wang , Changsheng Bu , Jubing Zhang , Changqi Liu , Xi Cao , Lingqin Liu , Hao Xie

In this study, a simple and effective Non-thermal Plasma (NTP) treatment was used to produce Ni-Mo catalysts, with Attapulgite (ATP)-Derived Mobil Five Instructure (MFI) zeolite (ADM) as the support. The catalytic activity and resistance to carbon deposition in the DRM reaction were separately investigated in terms of the effects of adding Mo and the NTP treatment. Structural characterization confirmed the successful integration of Ni and Mo species within the attapulgite-derived MFI framework. Catalysts containing Mo exhibited significantly higher initial catalytic activity compared to Mo-free ones. H₂-TPR results demonstrated that the addition of Mo strengthened the metal-support interactions, and NTP treatment increased the proportion of metals in the catalyst that could function as active sites. CO_2-TPD analysis showed that Mo addition enhanced the ratio of weakly basic and medium basic sites, and this tendency was further reinforced by NTP treatment. Under continuous operation for 100h, the plasma-treated Ni7Mo1-ADM-P catalyst exhibited exceptional stability with CH₄ conversion rates maintained at 90.4 %. At the GHSV of 90,000 mL·g_cat⁻¹·h⁻¹, the CH₄ and CO₂ deactivation rates were merely 0.011 % h⁻¹ and 0.008 % h⁻¹, respectively. After 100 h of reaction, the characteristic peaks of MFI molecular sieves could still be detected in the used catalysts, reflecting their high stability. Additionally, Ni7Mo1-ADM-P had a higher degree of graphitization defects, making its carbon deposits easier to remove. This study could offer a reference for further enhancing catalyst performance through NTP treatment.

{"title":"Innovative non-thermal plasma treated NiMo-ADM zeolite catalyst for dry reforming of methane","authors":"Jinzhao Liu , Junguang Meng , Conghuan Zou , Xinye Wang , Changsheng Bu , Jubing Zhang , Changqi Liu , Xi Cao , Lingqin Liu , Hao Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2025.102050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a simple and effective Non-thermal Plasma (NTP) treatment was used to produce Ni-Mo catalysts, with Attapulgite (ATP)-Derived Mobil Five Instructure (MFI) zeolite (ADM) as the support. The catalytic activity and resistance to carbon deposition in the DRM reaction were separately investigated in terms of the effects of adding Mo and the NTP treatment. Structural characterization confirmed the successful integration of Ni and Mo species within the attapulgite-derived MFI framework. Catalysts containing Mo exhibited significantly higher initial catalytic activity compared to Mo-free ones. H<sub>2</sub>-TPR results demonstrated that the addition of Mo strengthened the metal-support interactions, and NTP treatment increased the proportion of metals in the catalyst that could function as active sites. CO<sub>2-</sub>TPD analysis showed that Mo addition enhanced the ratio of weakly basic and medium basic sites, and this tendency was further reinforced by NTP treatment. Under continuous operation for 100h, the plasma-treated Ni7Mo1-ADM-P catalyst exhibited exceptional stability with CH<sub>4</sub> conversion rates maintained at 90.4 %. At the GHSV of 90,000 mL·g<sub>cat</sub><sup>−1</sup>·h<sup>−1</sup>, the CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> deactivation rates were merely 0.011 % h<sup>−1</sup> and 0.008 % h<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. After 100 h of reaction, the characteristic peaks of MFI molecular sieves could still be detected in the used catalysts, reflecting their high stability. Additionally, Ni7Mo1-ADM-P had a higher degree of graphitization defects, making its carbon deposits easier to remove. This study could offer a reference for further enhancing catalyst performance through NTP treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 102050"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0