Journal of The Energy Institute最新文献

{"title":"Catalytic pyrolysis of plastic to produce aromatic hydrocarbons over the Zn modified ZSM-5 catalysts","authors":"Daoxuan Sun ,&nbsp;Weidong Nie ,&nbsp;Shue Tian ,&nbsp;Dong Han ,&nbsp;Laizhi Sun ,&nbsp;Lei Chen ,&nbsp;Shuangxia Yang ,&nbsp;Tianjin Li ,&nbsp;Zhiguo Dong ,&nbsp;Baofeng Zhao ,&nbsp;Meirong Xu ,&nbsp;Xinping Xie ,&nbsp;Hongyu Si ,&nbsp;Dongliang Hua","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2026.102462","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2026.102462","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The catalytic pyrolysis of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) over the Zn modified ZSM-5 zeolite catalysts was systematically examined to improve the yield of aromatic hydrocarbons. The Zn/ZSM-5 catalysts with different zinc loadings were synthesized by the incipient wetness impregnation method and thoroughly characterized by the BET, XRD, NH₃-TPD, SEM, and TG techniques. The influences of the Zn content, the reaction temperature, and the catalyst-to-feedstock mass ratio on the distribution of products and the selectivity of aromatics were investigated. The results indicated that under the optimized conditions of 5 % Zn loading, the reaction temperature of 450 °C, and the catalyst-to-feedstock mass ratio of 2/1, the selectivity of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs) reached 85.65 %, while the selectivity of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) was as high as 62.06 %. The 5 % Zn/ZSM-5 catalyst also exhibited the excellent structural stability and retained about 85 % selectivity of MAHs after 10 successive cycles. The characterization analyses confirmed that the incorporation of Zn metal altered the pore environment and the acidity profile of the ZSM-5, thereby enhancing the dehydrogenation and aromatization of the pyrolytic intermediates. A reaction mechanism of the catalytic pyrolysis of HDPE over the Zn/ZSM-5 was proposed, suggesting that the generation of the aromatic hydrocarbons was promoted through the hydrogen-transfer, oligomerization, and cyclization pathways. These findings demonstrated that the Zn/ZSM-5 catalysts provide a promising strategy for the selective conversion of plastic waste into the value-added aromatic hydrocarbons.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"125 ","pages":"Article 102462"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A combined experimental and simulation study on toluene cracking: synergistic strategy of Ni loading, alkali treatment, and atmosphere activation on HZSM-5 zeolite","authors":"Qinlong Hu,&nbsp;Haoyang Lou,&nbsp;Zhuqing Niu,&nbsp;Jiankai Zhang,&nbsp;Xinjia Wang,&nbsp;Hui Jin,&nbsp;Zhongming Bu,&nbsp;Guoneng Li,&nbsp;Yuanjun Tang,&nbsp;Chao Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2026.102467","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2026.102467","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study systematically explores nickel-based HZSM-5 zeolite activated by NaOH treatment in different atmospheres (air and CO₂), revealing the intricate synergistic mechanisms between structure, acidity, and metal active sites during the catalytic cracking of toluene. The research found that the pore structure and acid site distribution of the catalyst can be directionally tuned through the choice of atmosphere: air activation primarily expands mesopores and optimizes mass transfer, while CO₂ activation finely tunes the acid sites, significantly enhancing the weak and medium-strength acid sites, thereby constructing a rich reactive interface for the adsorption and initial activation of toluene. In the reaction pathway, a significant synergistic effect between the metal and the support was observed: nickel species were reduced to highly dispersed nanoparticles, serving as the core sites for activating C-H and C-C bonds, which cooperated with the acidic centers of the zeolite to promote the cleavage of toluene molecules and the opening of the benzene ring, ultimately converting them into small molecule synthesis gas. Under conditions of 7% nickel loading and CO₂ activation, the maximum toluene conversion rate reached 78.92%. The flow-mass transfer-reaction coupling model constructed using COMSOL successfully replicated the experimental trends (simulation efficiency 79%) and clarified that temperature and feed flow rate are key operational parameters affecting the cracking behavior. From the perspectives of \"structure-acidity synergy\" and \"metal-support interaction,\" this study deepens the understanding of the micro-mechanism of toluene catalytic cracking, providing a theoretical basis for the rational design of catalysts and process optimization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"125 ","pages":"Article 102467"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced CO2 methanation over SiO2-supported catalysts with embedded and surface Ni sites","authors":"Duc-Thang Tran ,&nbsp;Nguyen-Phuong Nguyen ,&nbsp;Thanh-Linh H. Duong ,&nbsp;Anh Minh-Nhat Lai ,&nbsp;Quang-Long Nguyen ,&nbsp;Minh-Tuan Nguyen-Dinh ,&nbsp;Tri Nguyen ,&nbsp;Hoang-Duy P. Nguyen ,&nbsp;Thuy-Phuong T. Pham","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2026.102466","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2026.102466","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mitigation of CO₂ emissions has become a global challenge, and its catalytic conversion to CH₄ represents a promising route for carbon utilization as well as renewable fuel production. In this work, a series of Ni/SiO₂ catalysts were synthesized via wet impregnation, a modified sol-gel process, and a combined sol-gel/post-impregnation approach to balance embedded and surface Ni species for efficient CO₂ methanation. The as-prepared, reduced and spent catalysts were characterized by XRD, N₂ physisorption, TEM, H₂-TPR, CO₂-TPD, H₂-TPD and TPO to correlate structural properties with catalytic performance. The Ni-embedded SiO₂ catalyst (20Ni-SiO₂) exhibited higher BET surface area, uniform mesoporosity, better dispersion and stronger MSI compared to the impregnated 20Ni/SiO₂, highlighting the importance of sol-gel incorporation in texture control. Interestingly, CO₂-TPD revealed greater CO₂ adsorption ability for impregnated Ni species, whereas H₂-TPD indicated superior hydrogen dissociation activity for embedded Ni species. Consequently, due to the synergistic contribution of embedded and surface Ni species, the post-impregnated 10Ni/(20Ni-SiO₂) catalyst achieved 81.6 % CO₂ conversion and 99.5 % CH₄ selectivity at 350 °C, outperforming conventional impregnated and sol-gel catalysts. Stability tests and TPO profiles confirm that the 10Ni/(20Ni-SiO₂) catalyst maintains efficient performance over 100 h, with only a 5 % decrease in CO₂ conversion, negligible change in CH₄ selectivity, and excellent resistance to coke formation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"125 ","pages":"Article 102466"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catalytic cracking of biomass gasification tar integrated with carbon fixation over steel slag-based catalyst","authors":"Hanrui Ma ,&nbsp;Guangzhe Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongkai Di ,&nbsp;Tao Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuxin Li ,&nbsp;Jingsi Yang ,&nbsp;Ruihong Zhao ,&nbsp;Jiangze Han ,&nbsp;Kunjie Li","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2026.102455","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2026.102455","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study addresses the dual challenges of tar yield control and CO₂ emissions in biomass gasification by developing a composite catalyst derived from converter steel slag. Through KOH activation and Ni impregnation, the optimized 10Ni-A-SS catalyst achieved 87.1 % tar cracking efficiency, increasing hydrogen yield from 232.2 to 576.3 mL/g biomass while retaining a CO₂ adsorption capacity of 120.0 mg/(g cat). Characterization results indicated that KOH activation significantly increased the catalyst's specific surface area, with NiO impregnation providing additional active sites. Mechanistic analysis revealed that the catalyst suppressed tar polymerization and polycondensation reactions, redirecting reaction pathways toward phenols and light aromatics, thereby substantially reducing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon formation. This work demonstrates an effective strategy for valorizing industrial steel slag waste while enabling cleaner, hydrogen-rich syngas production from biomass gasification, offering both environmental and economic benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"125 ","pages":"Article 102455"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146034485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reactivity and stability optimization of oxygen carriers in chemical looping systems","authors":"Huijia Liang ,&nbsp;Jie Yang ,&nbsp;Juan Hou ,&nbsp;Changye Han ,&nbsp;Lizhuo Peng ,&nbsp;Junjie Shi ,&nbsp;Liping Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2026.102456","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2026.102456","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chemical looping technology (CLT) produces flue gas enriched with carbon dioxide, which can then be captured, utilized, or stored. The oxygen carrier (OC) plays a central role in the chemical looping process, but its low activity and short lifespan hinder its industrial application. The existing review literature on CLT primarily focuses on the application of specific OCs and their developmental trends, but lacks a comprehensive summary of OC activity and cycle life. To address the gaps in existing literature, this paper explores the activity and recycling lifespan of OCs in relation to their defects. Furthermore, strategies to improve OC reactivity are discussed, beginning with the selection of active species aided by Ellingham diagrams. The advantages of non-metallic and solid waste-based OCs in chemical looping reactions are compared, along with a summary of strategies to enhance their activity. To prolong the service life of OCs, this paper outlines the primary mechanisms of carrier failure, which are primarily attributed to the combined effects of wear and stress. For different types of stress, targeted solutions are proposed: a supported carrier approach for chemical stress, a core-shell structure for mechanical stress, and elemental doping for thermal stress. Finally, the paper explores the application prospects of solid waste-based OCs and their development towards achieving a tripartite stress equilibrium, thus opening new avenues for the practical application of OCs. These studies contribute to advancing the efficient utilization of chemical looping systems in environmental protection and sustainable energy supply.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"125 ","pages":"Article 102456"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146034580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study and process analysis on Co-production of hydrogen-rich gas and carbon nanotubes via catalytic pyrolysis of solid wastes","authors":"Zhongfa Hu ,&nbsp;Bixiu Lv ,&nbsp;Wenjing Ma ,&nbsp;Bin Liu ,&nbsp;Xuebin Wang ,&nbsp;Yili Zhang ,&nbsp;Zia ur Rahman ,&nbsp;Renhui Ruan","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2026.102454","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2026.102454","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The decomposition of polyethylene into hydrogen and carbon nanotubes by pyrolysis not only enables the proper disposal of large amounts of waste plastic but also achieves the targeted production of hydrogen and high-value carbon nanotubes, thus it is widely applied in industry. In this paper, typical solid wastes, such as polyethylene (PE) and sawdust, were used as raw materials, and continuous pyrolysis-catalysis experiments were conducted on a two-stage pilot system (rotary kiln for pyrolysis and fixed-bed for catalysis).To overcome the limitations of traditional fixed-bed reactors in organic waste treatment, this study develops a continuous pyrolysis-catalytic co-production process for the simultaneous generation of high-value hydrogen gas and carbon nanotube (CNTs), aiming for system energy self-sufficiency. The core research encompasses experimental validation under specific conditions and simulation analysis of three process routes based on experimental results. Successful experimental validation was achieved under continuous operation at a feeding rate of 1 g min&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;, pyrolysis temperature of 500 °C, catalytic temperature of 750 °C, and using a coal gangue-based nickel catalyst (loading 10 %) for processing polyethylene (PE) and wood chips; significant PE conversion yielded a hydrogen concentration (H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) in the gas product as high as 64.6 vol%, with a production rate reaching 27.4 mmol g&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt; while substantial coking occurred on the catalyst surface achieving a yield of 32.5 wt%. Characterization of the PE-derived coke indicated that it primarily consisted of CNTs with hollow tubular structures confirmed by TEM images and high graphitization degree and good crystallinity indicated by Raman spectroscopy (&lt;em&gt;I&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;D&lt;/sub&gt;/&lt;em&gt;I&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sub&gt;G&lt;/sub&gt; = 0.75) and TPO results where graphite carbon accounted for 38.8 wt%. Based on experimental data, three process routes were established using Aspen Plus software all utilizing partial pyrolysis oil/gas combustion to supply energy for the system balance but differing in the handling of pyrolyzed coke; simulation optimization showed that route I (coke combustion) performed best under optimal conditions (raw material moisture content 20 %, oil/gas ratio 25 %, gasification stage O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;/feedstock = 0.25, H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O/feedstock = 0.5) achieving a hydrogen yield of 1102.6 Nm&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;·t&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt; and a CNTs yield of 43.9 kg t&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt; whereas route II (coke gasification) had slightly lower target product yields compared to route I and route III (coke collection) collected pyrolyzed coke as solid products (biochar) without thermal treatment resulting in the lowest carbon emissions but also the lowest target product yields. Comprehensive analysis indicates that adopting a continuous pyrolysis-catalytic unit combined with the design of utilizing pyrolyzed coke for energy supply efficiently converts organic solid waste into high-value hydrogen and CNTs","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"125 ","pages":"Article 102454"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pyrolysis process intensification of mixed medical waste using grinding beads and hematite in an indirectly heated rotary kiln","authors":"Zhipeng Zhou ,&nbsp;Shuo Ma ,&nbsp;Kexun Wang ,&nbsp;Hongting Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2026.102453","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2026.102453","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the efficacy of grinding beads as a heat transfer intensifier and hematite catalyst for the pyrolysis of mixed medical waste (MMW) in an indirectly heated rotary kiln. The focus was on elucidating the impact of these additives on intra-bed heat-mass transfer and the product distribution. Thermogravimetric and kinetic analyses revealed the fundamental pyrolysis characteristics and interaction effects during the co-pyrolysis of cellulose-based MW and polypropylene(PP), notably the inhibition of PP degradation. Subsequent rotary kiln experiments demonstrated that the addition of silicon carbide(SiC) beads at an additive-to-feedstock mass ratio of 0.6 increased the wall-to-bed heat transfer coefficient by approximately 24 %, from 174.5 to 217.0 W/(m²·K), and reduced the radial temperature gradients. Tar yield increased from 35.38 % to 38.71 %. Powdered hematite (Fe₂O₃) acted as a catalyst, altering selectivity towards gas production and enhancing the hydrogen yield by over 62.13 %. This study concludes that the deliberate selection of additives provides a highly effective strategy for process intensification: high-thermal-conductivity beads (SiC) mitigate heat transfer limitations, whereas catalytic media (Fe₂O₃) actively steer the product distribution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"125 ","pages":"Article 102453"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146034484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study of the effects of reactor system and catalysts on glycerol valorisation via aqueous-phase reforming","authors":"Carine T. Alves ,&nbsp;Francisco Maldonado-Martín ,&nbsp;Alejandro Lete ,&nbsp;Seyed Emad Hashemnezhad ,&nbsp;Lucía García ,&nbsp;Jude A. Onwudili","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2026.102447","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2026.102447","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The conversion of glycerol through aqueous phase reforming (APR) presents an important opportunity for sustainable chemical and fuel production. This study explores the APR of glycerol using three catalysts (nickel supported on alumina (NiAl), copper supported on alumina (CuAl), and bimetallic nickel-iron supported on alumina (NiAlFe)), synthesized via the coprecipitation method. The APR experiments were conducted in both batch and fixed-bed reactors. In the batch reactor, a 75 mL Parr reactor was utilised, operating at 238 °C and 5 bar initial nitrogen pressure with 20 mL of a 5 wt% glycerol solution and 0.3 g of catalyst (catalyst/glycerol mass ratio = 0.3). The fixed-bed reactor was made of a stainless steel tube loaded with 2 g of catalyst, operating at 238 °C and 37 bar, with a continuous feed of 5 wt% glycerol solution, equivalent to catalyst/glycerol mass ratio of 0.33. NiAl produced the highest conversion of glycerol to gases and the highest yield of hydrogen (230 mg H₂/mol C fed). However, among the tested catalysts, NiAlFe demonstrated superior performance, achieving a carbon yield to total products (liquid and gases) of approximately 80 % in the batch reactor as well as a relatively high hydrogen yield (141 mg H₂/mol C fed). These results underscore the promising potential of the NiAlFe catalyst for efficient glycerol conversion in APR processes, paving the way for advancements in sustainable fuel and chemical production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"125 ","pages":"Article 102447"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic investigation of H2/CO ratio on laminar flame characteristics of NH3/syngas blends","authors":"Fahui Wang ,&nbsp;Yan Guo ,&nbsp;Dan Zhang ,&nbsp;Huolong Chen ,&nbsp;Zihan Liu ,&nbsp;Jun Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2026.102452","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2026.102452","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ammonia (NH₃) blended with syngas offers a promising strategy for enhancing its combustion performance. However, the practical application of such fuel blends is frequently constrained by variations in the H₂/CO ratio. This study combines an integrated experimental and numerical approach, incorporating both global and local sensitivity analyses, to elucidate how the H₂/CO ratio affects the laminar burning velocity (<em>S</em>_<em>L</em>) and flame instability of NH₃/H₂/CO blends. The results reveal that variations in <em>S</em>_<em>L</em> are predominantly governed by chemical kinetic effects, which weaken as the equivalence ratio (Ф) increases. This behavior is affected by the competition among CO oxidation reactions, H radical consumption pathways, and third-body (H₂O) termination reactions, in which both H and OH radicals play critical roles. Regarding the variation in flame instability with the H₂/CO ratio, it is primarily governed by thermal diffusive instability and flame thickness effects. As the Ф changes, thermal diffusive dominates under fuel-lean conditions, whereas both thermal diffusive and the thermal expansion ratio collectively dominate flame instability under fuel-rich conditions. When considering the combined effects of pressure and temperature, it is observed that an increased H₂/CO ratio markedly enhances the pressure dependence of NH₃/H₂/CO flames, whereas its influence on temperature dependence remains relatively limited. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the application of NH₃-based fuels in combustion systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"125 ","pages":"Article 102452"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145926938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable thermocatalytic conversion of CO2 to fuels and chemicals via reverse water-gas shift reactions for carbon neutrality","authors":"Ijaz Hussain ,&nbsp;Gazali Tanimu ,&nbsp;Niladri Maity ,&nbsp;Khalid Alhooshani ,&nbsp;Saheed Ganiyu ,&nbsp;Abdullah Aitani ,&nbsp;Mohammad Alalouni ,&nbsp;Mohammad Aljishi ,&nbsp;Emad N. Al-Shafei","doi":"10.1016/j.joei.2026.102449","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.joei.2026.102449","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The pressing urge to address climate change and reduce atmospheric CO₂ levels has driven significant research into CO₂ conversion technologies. Among these, the reverse water-gas shift (RWGS) reaction presents a promising pathway for transforming CO₂ into CO, which can subsequently be utilized in syngas conversion processes to generate valuable chemicals and fuels. However, the RWGS reaction faces challenges related to its moderate endothermic nature and competition with the highly exothermic CO₂ methanation reaction at low temperatures. Enhancing low-temperature reaction efficiency and CO selectivity remains a critical focus in catalyst development. This review paper explores novel developments in diverse catalyst materials and presents practical insights into thermocatalytic pathways for the RWGS reaction. Emerging strategies for improving CO₂ conversion efficiency, CO selectivity, and energy utilization are explored. Additionally, reactor designs, operational parameters, and their integration with other processes are analyzed to enhance overall process performance. A techno-economic assessment is presented, highlighting the feasibility and potential impacts of these advancements, along with recommendations for future research directions. This work underscores the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration to overcome existing challenges and realize the full potential of RWGS technologies for sustainable CO₂ utilization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17287,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Energy Institute","volume":"125 ","pages":"Article 102449"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146034579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}