Urinary tract infections and catheter-associated urinary tract infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

IF 8 1区 生物学 Q1 MICROBIOLOGY Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI:10.1128/mmbr.00066-22
Nour El Husseini, Jared A Carter, Vincent T Lee
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Abstract

SUMMARYUrinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infections in otherwise healthy individuals. UTI is also common in healthcare settings where patients often require urinary catheters to alleviate urinary retention. The placement of a urinary catheter often leads to catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) caused by a broad range of opportunistic pathogens, commonly referred to as ESKAPE (Enterococcus, Staphylococcus, Klebsiella, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, and Enterobacter) pathogens. Our understanding of CAUTI is complicated by the differences in pathogens, in initial microbial load, changes that occur due to the duration of catheterization, and the relationship between infection (colonization) and disease symptoms. To advance our understanding of CAUTI, we reviewed UTI and CAUTI caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa which is unique in that it is not commonly found associated with human microbiomes. For this reason, the ability of P. aeruginosa to cause UTI and CAUTI requires the introduction of the bacteria to the bladder from catheterization. Once in the host, the virulence factors used by P. aeruginosa in these infections remain an area of ongoing research. In this review, we will discuss studies that focus on P. aeruginosa UTI and CAUTI to better understand the infection dynamics and outcome in clinical settings, virulence factors associated with P. aeruginosa isolated from the urinary tract, and animal studies to test which bacterial factors are required for this infection. Understanding how P. aeruginosa can cause UTI and CAUTI can provide an understanding of how these infections initiate and progress and may provide possible strategies to limit these infections.

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铜绿假单胞菌引起的尿路感染和导尿管相关性尿路感染。
摘要尿路感染(UTI)是健康人最常见的感染之一。尿路感染在医疗机构中也很常见,因为病人通常需要使用导尿管来缓解尿潴留。导尿管的放置通常会导致导尿管相关性尿路感染(CAUTI),由多种机会性病原体引起,这些病原体通常被称为 ESKAPE(肠球菌、葡萄球菌、克雷伯氏菌、不动杆菌、假单胞菌和肠杆菌)病原体。我们对 CAUTI 的了解因病原体、初始微生物负荷、导管插入时间的变化以及感染(定植)和疾病症状之间的关系而变得复杂。为了加深对 CAUTI 的了解,我们回顾了由铜绿假单胞菌引起的 UTI 和 CAUTI。因此,铜绿假单胞菌引起尿道炎和膀胱炎需要通过导尿将细菌引入膀胱。一旦进入宿主体内,铜绿假单胞菌在这些感染中使用的毒力因子仍是一个持续研究的领域。在本综述中,我们将讨论以铜绿假单胞菌UTI和CAUTI为重点的研究,以便更好地了解临床环境中的感染动态和结果、从泌尿道分离出的铜绿假单胞菌的相关毒力因子,以及测试这种感染需要哪些细菌因子的动物研究。了解铜绿假单胞菌如何引起UTI和CAUTI,就能了解这些感染是如何开始和发展的,并为限制这些感染提供可能的策略。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
18.80
自引率
0.80%
发文量
27
期刊介绍: Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews (MMBR), a journal that explores the significance and interrelationships of recent discoveries in various microbiology fields, publishes review articles that help both specialists and nonspecialists understand and apply the latest findings in their own research. MMBR covers a wide range of topics in microbiology, including microbial ecology, evolution, parasitology, biotechnology, and immunology. The journal caters to scientists with diverse interests in all areas of microbial science and encompasses viruses, bacteria, archaea, fungi, unicellular eukaryotes, and microbial parasites. MMBR primarily publishes authoritative and critical reviews that push the boundaries of knowledge, appealing to both specialists and generalists. The journal often includes descriptive figures and tables to enhance understanding. Indexed/Abstracted in various databases such as Agricola, BIOSIS Previews, CAB Abstracts, Cambridge Scientific Abstracts, Chemical Abstracts Service, Current Contents- Life Sciences, EMBASE, Food Science and Technology Abstracts, Illustrata, MEDLINE, Science Citation Index Expanded (Web of Science), Summon, and Scopus, among others.
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