Cross-species translational paradigms for assessing positive valence system as defined by the RDoC matrix.

IF 4.2 3区 医学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Journal of Neurochemistry Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI:10.1111/jnc.16243
Tyler D Dexter, Benjamin Z Roberts, Samantha M Ayoub, Michael Noback, Samuel A Barnes, Jared W Young
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Abstract

Functions associated with processing reward-related information are fundamental drivers of motivation, learning, and goal-directed behavior. Such functions have been classified as the positive valence system under the Research Domain and Criteria (RDoC) criteria and are negatively impacted across a range of psychiatric disorders and mental illnesses. The positive valence system is composed of three comprehensive categories containing related but dissociable functions that are organized into either Reward Responsiveness, Reward Learning, or Reward Valuation. The presence of overlapping behavioral dysfunction across diagnostic mental disorders is in-part what motivated the RDoC initiative, which emphasized that the study of mental illness focus on investigating relevant behavior and cognitive functions and their underlying mechanisms, rather than separating efforts on diagnostic categories (i.e., transdiagnostic). Moreover, the RDoC approach is well-suited for preclinical neuroscience research, as the rise in genetic toolboxes and associated neurotechnologies enables researchers to probe specific cellular targets with high specificity. Thus, there is an opportunity to dissect whether behaviors and cognitive functions are supported by shared or distinct neural mechanisms. For preclinical research to effectively inform our understandings of human behavior however, the cognitive and behavioral paradigms should have predictive, neurobiological, and pharmacological predictive validity to the human test. Touchscreen-based testing systems provide a further advantage for this endeavor enabling tasks to be presented to animals using the same media and task design as in humans. Here, we outline the primary categories of the positive valence system and review the work that has been done cross-species to investigate the neurobiology and neurochemistry underlying reward-related functioning. Additionally, we provide clinical tasks outlined by RDoC, along with validity and/or need for further validation for analogous rodent paradigms with a focus on implementing the touchscreen-based cognitive testing systems.

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根据 RDoC 矩阵的定义,评估正价系统的跨物种转化范式。
与处理奖励相关信息有关的功能是动机、学习和目标导向行为的基本驱动力。根据《研究领域与标准》(RDoC)标准,这些功能被归类为正价系统,并在一系列精神障碍和心理疾病中受到负面影响。正价系统由三个综合类别组成,包含相关但可分离的功能,分别归类为奖赏反应、奖赏学习或奖赏评价。RDoC倡议强调,精神疾病研究的重点是调查相关的行为和认知功能及其内在机制,而不是将诊断类别分开(即跨诊断)。此外,RDoC 方法非常适合临床前神经科学研究,因为基因工具箱和相关神经技术的兴起使研究人员能够以高度特异性探查特定的细胞靶标。因此,有机会剖析行为和认知功能是由共同的神经机制支持还是由不同的神经机制支持。不过,要使临床前研究能有效地帮助我们理解人类行为,认知和行为范例应该对人类测试具有预测性、神经生物学和药理学预测有效性。基于触摸屏的测试系统为这项工作提供了进一步的优势,它可以使用与人类相同的媒介和任务设计向动物展示任务。在此,我们概述了积极情绪系统的主要类别,并回顾了跨物种研究奖励相关功能的神经生物学和神经化学的工作。此外,我们还提供了 RDoC 概述的临床任务,以及类似啮齿类动物范例的有效性和/或进一步验证的必要性,重点是实施基于触摸屏的认知测试系统。
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来源期刊
Journal of Neurochemistry
Journal of Neurochemistry 医学-神经科学
CiteScore
9.30
自引率
2.10%
发文量
181
审稿时长
2.2 months
期刊介绍: Journal of Neurochemistry focuses on molecular, cellular and biochemical aspects of the nervous system, the pathogenesis of neurological disorders and the development of disease specific biomarkers. It is devoted to the prompt publication of original findings of the highest scientific priority and value that provide novel mechanistic insights, represent a clear advance over previous studies and have the potential to generate exciting future research.
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