{"title":"Wideband star-shaped antenna based on artificial magnetic conductor surface for unidirectional radiation","authors":"May AboEl-Hassan, A.E. Farahat, K.F.A. Hussein","doi":"10.1016/j.aeue.2024.155603","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gathering the advantages of low profile, high gain, high efficiency, and wideband operation in a planar antenna is a challenging objective for the antenna designer. Low profile wideband antennas are usually characterized by low gain. An antenna of wideband impedance matching usually suffers continuous variations of the gain over such a wideband due to the variation of the radiation mechanisms and surface current distributions over the frequency band of impedance matching. Therefore, the motivation of the present work is to provide both impedance matching and stabilized high gain by the aid of wideband artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) with a design of the unit cell that is suitable to the antenna structure and the desired frequency band. The present work, proposes the utilization of low-size wideband AMS surface (AMCS) to be placed behind a wideband omnidirectional antenna to enhance the gain over the frequency band of operation. In this way, the radiating structure combines high gain and wideband operation in the same design. A wideband planar monopole printed antenna is designed to operate as omnidirectional antenna with perfect impedance matching and radiation efficiency over the frequency band <span><math><mrow><mn>3.6</mn><mo>-</mo><mn>7.2</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>G</mi><mi>H</mi><mi>z</mi></mrow></math></span> when placed in free space. The gain of the free-standing antenna varies from <span><math><mrow><mn>2</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>i</mi></mrow></math></span> to <span><math><mrow><mn>4.5</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>i</mi></mrow></math></span> over the frequency band. A wideband AMCS is designed to enhance the antenna gain over frequency band of operation. The designed AMCS is composed of only <span><math><mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>3</mn></mrow></math></span> unit cells and overall dimensions of <span><math><mrow><mn>10</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>10</mn><mi>c</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span>. This surface is placed parallel to the planar antenna at a distance <span><math><mrow><mn>1.7</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>c</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span> behind it. The enhanced gain of the radiating structure of the AMCS-backed antenna reaches <span><math><mrow><mn>8.5</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>d</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>i</mi></mrow></math></span> without affecting the bandwidth over which the input impedance is matched to the feeding line. The radiation efficiency of the AMCS-backed antenna is maintained above <span><math><mrow><mn>98</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></math></span> over the frequency band of operation (<span><math><mrow><mn>3.7</mn><mo>-</mo><mn>7.2</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>G</mi><mi>H</mi><mi>z</mi></mrow></math></span>). The wideband antenna and the AMCS are fabricated for practical evaluation of the overall AMCS-backed antenna performance including the measurements of impedance matching, gain and radiation efficiency. The measurements and simulation results are in good consent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50844,"journal":{"name":"Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications","volume":"189 ","pages":"Article 155603"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications","FirstCategoryId":"94","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1434841124004898","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Gathering the advantages of low profile, high gain, high efficiency, and wideband operation in a planar antenna is a challenging objective for the antenna designer. Low profile wideband antennas are usually characterized by low gain. An antenna of wideband impedance matching usually suffers continuous variations of the gain over such a wideband due to the variation of the radiation mechanisms and surface current distributions over the frequency band of impedance matching. Therefore, the motivation of the present work is to provide both impedance matching and stabilized high gain by the aid of wideband artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) with a design of the unit cell that is suitable to the antenna structure and the desired frequency band. The present work, proposes the utilization of low-size wideband AMS surface (AMCS) to be placed behind a wideband omnidirectional antenna to enhance the gain over the frequency band of operation. In this way, the radiating structure combines high gain and wideband operation in the same design. A wideband planar monopole printed antenna is designed to operate as omnidirectional antenna with perfect impedance matching and radiation efficiency over the frequency band when placed in free space. The gain of the free-standing antenna varies from to over the frequency band. A wideband AMCS is designed to enhance the antenna gain over frequency band of operation. The designed AMCS is composed of only unit cells and overall dimensions of . This surface is placed parallel to the planar antenna at a distance behind it. The enhanced gain of the radiating structure of the AMCS-backed antenna reaches without affecting the bandwidth over which the input impedance is matched to the feeding line. The radiation efficiency of the AMCS-backed antenna is maintained above over the frequency band of operation (). The wideband antenna and the AMCS are fabricated for practical evaluation of the overall AMCS-backed antenna performance including the measurements of impedance matching, gain and radiation efficiency. The measurements and simulation results are in good consent.
期刊介绍：
AEÜ is an international scientific journal which publishes both original works and invited tutorials. The journal''s scope covers all aspects of theory and design of circuits, systems and devices for electronics, signal processing, and communication, including:
signal and system theory, digital signal processing
network theory and circuit design
information theory, communication theory and techniques, modulation, source and channel coding
switching theory and techniques, communication protocols
optical communications
microwave theory and techniques, radar, sonar
antennas, wave propagation
AEÜ publishes full papers and letters with very short turn around time but a high standard review process. Review cycles are typically finished within twelve weeks by application of modern electronic communication facilities.
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
分享
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
扫码关注我们
