Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications最新文献

A compact circularly polarized implantable antenna for skin implant applications 一种用于皮肤植入应用的紧凑型圆极化植入式天线

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2026.156268

Sher Shah , Syed Ahson Ali Shah , Aftab Ahmed Khan , Shahid Khan , Izaz Ali Shah , Jamal Nasir , Slawomir Koziel

Implantable medical devices (IMDs) are critical for continuous health monitoring and therapeutic applications. Reliable biotelemetric communication within the highly lossy human body demands compact, efficient, and polarization-robust implantable antennas. This paper presents a circularly polarized miniaturized implantable (CPMI) antenna optimized for skin and scalp applications in the 2.45 GHz ISM band. The antenna has a compact volume of

π

\times

(4.8)

^{2}

\times

0.5 mm

^{3}

. To achieve circular polarization and effective miniaturization while maintaining the effective aperture for better gain performance, a circular radiator is embedded with symmetric T-shaped slots interconnected by a vertical orthogonal slot at the center base. Correspondingly, a circular aperture is introduced beneath the patch on the ground layer to enhance coupling and augment impedance matching. Full-wave simulations and measured results of a prototype embedded in minced pork exhibit good agreement. The proposed CPMI antenna offers a −10 dB impedance bandwidth of 290 MHz, an axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) of 20%, and a measured gain of −18 dBi at 2.45 GHz. Specific absorption rate evaluated in a realistic human head model showed compliance with the IEEE standards. Furthermore, link-budget analysis confirms a reliable wireless link up to 13 m. The proposed antenna achieves an optimal balance between compactness, efficiency, and polarization stability, demonstrating strong potential for next-generation skin-implantable biomedical telemetry systems.

植入式医疗设备（imd）对于持续健康监测和治疗应用至关重要。在高损耗的人体内进行可靠的生物遥测通信需要紧凑、高效和极化鲁棒的植入式天线。提出了一种针对皮肤和头皮在2.45 GHz ISM频段应用的圆极化微型植入式（CPMI）天线。天线具有π × （4.8）2 × 0.5 mm3的紧凑体积。为了实现圆极化和有效小型化，同时保持有效孔径以获得更好的增益性能，在圆形散热器中嵌入对称的t形槽，中间底座处有一个垂直的正交槽相互连接。相应地，在接地层的贴片下方引入圆形孔径以增强耦合和增强阻抗匹配。全波仿真结果与猪肉馅内嵌样机的实测结果吻合较好。所提出的CPMI天线提供- 10 dB阻抗带宽为290 MHz，轴比带宽（ARBW）为20%，在2.45 GHz时的测量增益为- 18 dBi。在真实人体头部模型中评估的比吸收率符合IEEE标准。此外，链路预算分析确认了长达13米的可靠无线链路。该天线实现了紧凑性、效率和极化稳定性之间的最佳平衡，显示了下一代皮肤植入式生物医学遥测系统的强大潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Novel design and analysis of high roll-off rate ultra-wideband bandpass filter with nine reflection zeros and four transmission zeros 具有9个反射零和4个传输零的高滚降率超宽带带通滤波器的新设计与分析

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2026.156286

A. Indra Kumar, Yaswanth Kalepu

This paper presents the novel design and experimental validation of a compact high roll-off rate ultra-wideband bandpass filter(HRUWB-BPF) with a ninth-order, allowing flexibility in fractional bandwidth variation, to meet the requirements of emerging wireless communication systems operating in the L-band and S-band radar and satellite links while enabling multi-standard operation in broadband software-defined and cognitive radio RF front ends. The proposed design incorporates four transmission zeros and nine reflection zeros for the first time, resulting in sharp skirt selectivity and an enhanced fractional bandwidth. A hybrid configuration is introduced by employing cascaded coupled-line sections combined with a step-impedance open stub, which significantly improves the bandwidth response and selectivity factor. A detailed mathematical analysis based on even–odd mode theory is carried out, and closed-form expressions are derived to precisely estimate the positions of the transmission and reflection zeros, offering analytical insight into the filter mechanism. To validate the design, a prototype was fabricated and measured. The experimental results demonstrate a center frequency of 2.5 GHz, 3 dB fractional bandwidth of 108%, roll-off rates of 307.7 dB/GHz and 169 dB/GHz at the lower and upper edges, respectively, and selectivity factor of 0.945 measured at the

- 3 dB

and

- 20 dB

passband edge frequencies. These performance metrics confirm that the proposed HRUWB-BPF is highly suitable for modern wireless communication systems.

本文提出了一种新颖的九阶高滚降率超宽带带通滤波器（HRUWB-BPF）的设计和实验验证，允许在分数带宽变化方面具有灵活性，以满足在l波段和s波段雷达和卫星链路中运行的新兴无线通信系统的要求，同时实现宽带软件定义和认知无线电RF前端的多标准操作。提出的设计首次结合了4个传输零和9个反射零，从而产生了尖锐的裙摆选择性和增强的分数带宽。采用级联耦合线段和阶跃阻抗开路短段相结合的混合结构，显著提高了带宽响应和选择性系数。基于奇偶模理论进行了详细的数学分析，并推导出了精确估计透射零和反射零位置的封闭表达式，从而对滤波器的机理进行了分析。为了验证设计，制作了一个原型并进行了测量。实验结果表明：中心频率为2.5 GHz， 3dB分数带宽为108%，下边缘和上边缘的滚降率分别为307.7 dB/GHz和169 dB/GHz， - 3dB和- 20dB边缘频率的选择性因子为0.945。这些性能指标证实了所提出的HRUWB-BPF非常适合现代无线通信系统。

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引用次数: 0

A fast-transient capless LDO with push-pull dynamic capacitor compensation for wide range of capacitive loads 一种具有推挽式动态电容补偿的快速暂态无帽LDO，适用于大范围容性负载

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2026.156275

Tiedong Cheng , Minghao Lai , Ziliang Wang , Xiao Wang

This paper presents a capacitor-less low-dropout regulator (LDO) for digital loads, featuring fast transient response and wide load range. To improve both the loop gain of the LDO and the slew rate at the gate of the power transistor, a high-slew-rate error amplifier is adopted. Furthermore, a push-pull dynamic capacitor frequency compensation strategy is proposed, which incorporates an embedded compensation capacitor (C_f2) to generate a left-half-plane (LHP) zero for improved stability. Working in conjunction with an auxiliary flipped-voltage-follower based transient enhancement circuit, the compensation strategy collectively enhances the transient performance. Designed in a 180 nm CMOS process, the proposed LDO achieves a maximum load current of 100 mA, a load capacitance range of 0–4 nF, and a dropout voltage of 200 mV, while maintaining a quiescent current of only 49.7 μA. Under 1.7 V supply with 50 μA-100 mA load current and 100 pF load capacitance, the circuit demonstrates 120 mV/620 ns (overshoot) and 170 mV/140 ns (undershoot) performance. The maximum load regulation and line regulation are 14.81 μV/mA and 2.917 mV/V, respectively.

本文提出了一种适用于数字负载的无电容低降稳压器，具有瞬态响应快、负载范围宽的特点。为了提高LDO的环路增益和功率晶体管栅极的转换率，采用了高回转率误差放大器。此外，提出了一种推挽式动态电容频率补偿策略，该策略采用嵌入式补偿电容（Cf2）来产生左半平面（LHP）零点以提高稳定性。该补偿策略与一个辅助的基于翻转电压跟随器的暂态增强电路一起工作，共同提高了暂态性能。LDO采用180 nm CMOS工艺设计，最大负载电流为100 mA，负载电容范围为0-4 nF，压降电压为200 mV，静态电流仅为49.7 μA。在1.7 V电源、50 μA-100 mA负载电流和100 pF负载电容下，电路表现出120 mV/620 ns（过调）和170 mV/140 ns（欠调）的性能。最大负载稳压为14.81 μV/mA，最大线路稳压为2.917 mV/V。

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引用次数: 0

Performance analysis of RIS-assisted joint transmit and receive antenna selection ris辅助联合收发天线选择的性能分析

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2026.156285

Muhammed Faruk Karabay, Oğuz Kucur

In this paper, we analyze reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS)-assisted joint transmit and receive antenna selection (JTRAS) systems over Rayleigh fading channels. Closed-form expressions for the outage probability and symbol error rate are derived in the presence of phase noise, and the diversity order is obtained through asymptotic analysis. The analytical results, validated by Monte Carlo simulations, demonstrate that JTRAS significantly enhances the system performance. Moreover, the diversity order of the RIS-assisted link is shown to be half of the product of the numbers of reflecting elements, transmit, and receive antennas.

本文分析了基于瑞利衰落信道的可重构智能曲面（RIS）辅助联合收发天线选择（JTRAS）系统。导出了存在相位噪声时的中断概率和符号错误率的封闭表达式，并通过渐近分析得到了分集阶数。通过蒙特卡罗仿真验证了分析结果，表明JTRAS显著提高了系统性能。此外，ris辅助链路的分集顺序显示为反射元件、发射和接收天线数量乘积的一半。

引用次数: 0

A low profile and wideband textile metasurface-based circular polarized antenna for wearable applications 一种用于可穿戴应用的低轮廓宽带纺织超表面圆极化天线

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2026.156284

Mohamed El Atrash , Nourhan T. Hassan , Mahmoud A. Abdalla

A wideband, low profile, compact, and Circularly Polarized (CP) slot antenna loaded by a metasurface structure array is introduced for wearable usage. The whole structure is realized using textile materials. By etching two square slots in diagonal geometry and engraving a U-shaped slot off the Co-Planar Waveguide (CPW) ground, CP was attained along with enhancement in the 3 dB-Axial Ratio Bandwidth. The proposed CP antenna radiates from 1.35 GHz to 4 GHz, which is the impedance bandwidth; thus, covering the 2.45 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM)-band. The Axial Ratio (AR) bandwidth varies from 1.6 GHz to 2.5 GHz. As such, the effective operational bandwidth for the proposed CP antenna is 1.6 GHz to 2.5 GHz. The antenna electrical size is 0.33λ₀ × 0.37λ₀ at 2.45 GHz, highlighting its compactness. To achieve low Specific Absorption Rate (SAR), a textile-based 2 × 2 metasurface structure array is loaded at the back of the CP antenna. Wideband operation was preserved after the integration process with the advantage of reducing the specific absorption rate by 99%, while achieving gain improvements over the wideband frequency band. Fabrications were conducted manually, yet the tested outcomes agreed with the software-generated results. The designed antenna has very good competitive results compared to the literature antennas.

介绍了一种采用超表面结构阵列加载的宽带、低轮廓、紧凑的圆极化（CP）缝隙天线。整个结构采用纺织材料实现。通过在共面波导（CPW）地面上刻蚀两个对角线几何形状的方形槽和雕刻一个u形槽，获得了共面波导，并增强了3db -轴比带宽。所提出的CP天线辐射范围为1.35 GHz ~ 4 GHz，为阻抗带宽；因此，覆盖2.45 GHz工业、科学和医疗（ISM）频段。AR （Axial Ratio）带宽范围为1.6 GHz ~ 2.5 GHz。因此，所提出的CP天线的有效工作带宽为1.6 GHz ~ 2.5 GHz。天线在2.45 GHz时的电气尺寸为0.33λ0 × 0.37λ0，突出了其紧凑性。为了实现低比吸收率（SAR），在CP天线的背面加载了一个基于纺织品的2 × 2超表面结构阵列。集成后保留了宽带操作，其优点是比吸收率降低了99%，同时实现了宽带频带增益的提高。手工制作，但测试结果与软件生成的结果一致。与文献天线相比，所设计的天线具有很好的竞争效果。

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引用次数: 0

A circularly polarized 12-port MIMO antenna with an integrated diagonal Split-ring Metasurface for Sub-6 GHz wireless systems 一种用于Sub-6 GHz无线系统的圆极化12端口MIMO天线，具有集成对角分裂环超表面

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2026.156271

Ijaz Khan , Luqman Ali , Mian Muhammad Kamal , Hazem Mohammed , Chaoyun Song , Muneera Altayeb , Yizhi Shao , Heba G. Mohamed

This study presents a compact twelve-port circularly polarized multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna designed for sub-6 GHz wireless systems. The antenna employs a Pacman-shaped radiating element and a diagonal split-ring (DSR) metasurface, placed 6 mm above the array. The metasurface array enhances performance by forming a low-profile Fabry-Perot cavity that strengthens broadside radiation and by reshaping the reactive near-field to suppress inter-element coupling. The overall antenna dimensions are 45 × 115 × 1.6 mm³ (0.87λ₀ × 2.22λ₀ × 0.031λ₀ at 5.8 GHz), offering a compact footprint for a twelve-port circular polarization architecture. With the integration of the metasurface array, mutual coupling is reduced from approximately −15 dB to below −25 dB, and wideband circular polarization is achieved with a 3-dB axial-ratio bandwidth of 5.316–6.19 GHz. The antenna provides an impedance bandwidth of 5.35–6.28 GHz, a peak realized gain of 8.3 dBi, and an average efficiency of 75%. Excellent agreement between simulation and measurement confirms the design's reliability. Owing to its wide circular polarization bandwidth, improved gain, and strong isolation in the 5.3–6.28 GHz range, the proposed metasurface-integrated 12-port circularly polarized MIMO antenna is well suited for WLAN, WiMAX, and 5G NR n46 applications.

本研究提出一种紧凑的十二端口圆极化多输入多输出（MIMO）天线，设计用于低于6 GHz的无线系统。天线采用了一个吃豆人形状的辐射元件和一个对角分裂环（DSR）超表面，放置在阵列上方6毫米处。超表面阵列通过形成一个低轮廓的法布里-珀罗腔来增强宽侧辐射，并通过重塑反应性近场来抑制元件间耦合来提高性能。整体天线尺寸为45 × 115 × 1.6 mm3 (0.87λ₀× 2.22λ₀× 0.031λ₀，5.8 GHz)，为12端口圆极化架构提供了紧凑的占地面积。通过集成超表面阵列，将互耦从约−15 dB降低到−25 dB以下，实现了5.316 ~ 6.19 GHz的3db轴比宽带圆极化。该天线的阻抗带宽为5.35-6.28 GHz，峰值实现增益为8.3 dBi，平均效率为75%。仿真与测量结果吻合良好，验证了设计的可靠性。由于其宽圆极化带宽，改进的增益和5.3-6.28 GHz范围内的强隔离性，所提出的超表面集成12端口圆极化MIMO天线非常适合WLAN， WiMAX和5G NR n46应用。

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引用次数: 0

Design of current-mode fractional-order Chebyshev filter with two MCFOAs 双mcfoa电流型分数阶切比雪夫滤波器的设计

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2026.156295

Fadile Sen, Ali Kircay, Hasari Karci

This study presents a fractional-order Chebyshev low-pass filter (FOCLF) circuit, which is developed using a current-mode (CM) design methodology and employs a Modified Current Feedback Operational Amplifier (MCFOA). The designed circuit offers a simple and efficient solution for analog systems thanks to its low component count, compact structure, and low power consumption. Compared to classical integer-order filters, fractional-order filters offer improved adaptability in shaping the transition and stopband responses, enabling better control over frequency characteristics and enhanced selectivity. In this work, pseudo-capacitances modeled through a fifth-order Oustaloup approximation and implemented using a Foster type-I RC network are employed to realize the fractional behavior. Frequency-domain simulations in PSpice were performed for different Chebyshev ripple values (1, 2, and 3 dB) and fractional-orders (

α = 0.3, 0.5, 0.7

and 0.9), showing high agreement with theoretical responses. Monte-Carlo analyses confirmed that the filter maintains stable performance despite component tolerance variations. With a power consumption below 2 mW and low noise characteristics, the proposed filter stands out as a suitable candidate for applications such as biomedical systems, communication circuits, and sensor-based electronics.

本研究提出了一种分数阶切比雪夫低通滤波器（FOCLF）电路，该电路采用电流模式（CM）设计方法，并采用改进的电流反馈运算放大器（MCFOA）。该电路具有元件数量少、结构紧凑、功耗低等特点，为模拟系统提供了一种简单高效的解决方案。与传统的整阶滤波器相比，分数阶滤波器在形成过渡和阻带响应方面具有更好的适应性，能够更好地控制频率特性和增强选择性。在这项工作中，伪电容通过五阶Oustaloup近似建模，并使用福斯特i型RC网络实现，以实现分数行为。在PSpice中进行了不同切比雪夫纹波值（1、2和3 dB）和分数阶（α=0.3、0.5、0.7和0.9）的频域模拟，结果与理论响应高度一致。蒙特卡罗分析证实，尽管组件公差变化，滤波器仍保持稳定的性能。该滤波器功耗低于2 mW，具有低噪声特性，是生物医学系统、通信电路和基于传感器的电子产品等应用的合适候选者。

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引用次数: 0

A 0.00024 mm2, 18.9fJ/conv-step CIC-reused charge-injection SAR ADC with segmented sampling capacitors for computing-in-memory 一个0.00024 mm2, 18.9fJ/反步cic重用电荷注入SAR ADC，具有分段采样电容，用于内存计算

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications

Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2026.156283

Siwan Dong, Zhao Liu, Bin Zhang

This paper presents an area-efficient two-stage charge-injection SAR (CI-SAR) ADC for computing-in-memory (CIM) applications. By using a novel capacitive voltage-division sampling technique and proposed capacitive-divider-based charge-injection cell (CIC) reuse structure, the layout area occupied by the charge injection array is greatly reduced by 93.4%. Through proposed cooperative of coarse quantization stage and fine quantization stage, the sampled CIM signals can be accurately quantized into a 7-bit digital output with high power efficiency. Furthermore, a segmented common-mode shifting (S-CMS) technique maintains a stable common-mode voltage, preserving linearity throughout the entire conversion process. Verified in a standard 28 nm CMOS process, propose ADC occupies a chip area of only 0.00024 mm². Operating at 1GS/s with a 1 V supply, it achieves 40.79 dB SNDR and 48.78 dB SFDR with a Walden figure of merit (FoM) of 18.9fJ/conv-step, demonstrating competitive area and power efficiency for medium-resolution CI-SAR ADCs.

本文提出了一种用于内存计算（CIM）应用的面积高效的两级电荷注入SAR (CI-SAR) ADC。采用一种新的电容分压采样技术和基于电容分压器的电荷注入电池复用结构，使电荷注入阵列的布局面积大大减少了93.4%。通过提出的粗量化级和细量化级的合作，可以将采样的CIM信号精确量化为7位数字输出，具有较高的功率效率。此外，分段共模移位（S-CMS）技术保持稳定的共模电压，在整个转换过程中保持线性。在标准的28纳米CMOS工艺中进行验证，所提出的ADC仅占用0.00024 mm2的芯片面积。在1v电源下，工作速度为1GS/s， SNDR为40.79 dB， SFDR为48.78 dB， Walden优值（FoM）为18.9fJ/ convo -step，显示出中等分辨率CI-SAR adc的竞争面积和功率效率。

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引用次数: 0

APCNet: A multi-scale pooling enhanced all-domain joint CSI feedback network for massive MIMO systems 面向大规模MIMO系统的多尺度池化增强型全域联合CSI反馈网络

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2026.156212

Jianhong Xiang, Nan Zhang, Linyu Wang

In massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, accurate downlink channel state information (CSI) is essential for signal preprocessing, yet achieving high-fidelity feedback under limited overhead remains challenging. To address this issue, and motivated by the sparsity and strong local spatial structure of CSI, we propose an all-domain joint CSI feedback network based on multi-scale pooling, termed APCNet. The encoder of this network introduces a spatial–frequency domain branch on the basis of the classical angle–delay domain (ADD) convolution branch, aiming to provide complete physical feature priors for the reconstruction process, fundamentally solving the information loss issue caused by single-domain modeling. On the decoder side, we propose a PCformer architecture, constructing a physically aligned extraction–reconstruction pipeline: utilizing the multi-scale pooling module for statistical extraction of multipath features, and combining the ConvNeXt Block for fine-grained restoration of spatial details. This compensates for the shortcomings of the universal self-attention mechanism in local structure representation. Experimental results demonstrate that APCNet achieves an average improvement of 7.96% in reconstruction accuracy across various compression rates for outdoor scenes, while delivering leading or competitive performance for most compression rates in indoor scenes.

在大规模多输入多输出（MIMO）系统中，准确的下行信道状态信息（CSI）对于信号预处理至关重要，但在有限的开销下实现高保真反馈仍然是一个挑战。为解决这一问题，基于CSI的稀疏性和强局域空间结构，提出了基于多尺度池化的全域联合CSI反馈网络APCNet。该网络的编码器在经典的角延迟域（ADD）卷积分支的基础上引入了空频域分支，旨在为重构过程提供完整的物理特征先验，从根本上解决单域建模带来的信息丢失问题。在解码器端，我们提出了一种PCformer架构，构建了一个物理对齐的提取-重建管道：利用多尺度池化模块对多路径特征进行统计提取，并结合ConvNeXt块对空间细节进行细粒度恢复。这弥补了局部结构表征中普遍自注意机制的不足。实验结果表明，在室外场景中，APCNet在不同压缩率下的重建准确率平均提高了7.96%，而在室内场景中，APCNet在大多数压缩率下都具有领先或竞争的性能。

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引用次数: 0

Redundancy-aware island genetic algorithm for connected target coverage in wireless sensor networks 无线传感器网络中连通目标覆盖的冗余感知岛遗传算法

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2026.156221

Khalil Benhaya , Hocine Riadh , Sonia Sabrina Bendib

We address energy-efficient connected target coverage in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), seeking the smallest active subset of sensors that covers all targets and remains connected to the sink. We propose a Redundancy-Aware Island Genetic Algorithm (RA-IGA). It combines a redundancy-aware mutation with a lightweight deterministic coverage-repair step that aims to activate as few additional sensors as needed to restore feasibility. It also uses a heterogeneous three-island model with periodic elite migration to maintain diversity and improve final quality under the same budget. RA-IGA is benchmarked against the improved genetic algorithm (IGA) and the modified marine predators algorithm (MMPA) across grid and random deployments while varying network size, target count, and field dimensions (up to

N = 400

,

K = 200

,

L = 500 m

). RA-IGA consistently selects the fewest active sensors, reducing the active set by 5%–24% vs. IGA and

\approx

48%–56% vs. MMPA, with tighter dispersion over 20 seeds. A Friedman test with Nemenyi post-hoc confirms

p < 0.001

. Because fewer actives generally reduce per-round energy under matched packet and model assumptions, these results suggest longer network lifetime. Ablations indicate that redundancy-aware mutation and repair drive sparsity while preserving feasibility. They also show that the heterogeneous island model helps escape single-population local optima, yielding better final solutions.

我们解决了无线传感器网络（WSNs）中节能的连接目标覆盖问题，寻求最小的活动传感器子集，覆盖所有目标并保持与接收器的连接。我们提出了一种冗余感知岛遗传算法（RA-IGA）。它结合了冗余感知突变和轻量级确定性覆盖修复步骤，旨在激活尽可能少的额外传感器以恢复可行性。它还使用了一个具有周期性精英迁移的异质三岛模型，以在相同的预算下保持多样性并提高最终质量。RA-IGA针对改进的遗传算法（IGA）和改进的海洋捕食者算法（MMPA）在网格和随机部署中进行基准测试，同时改变网络大小，目标数量和现场尺寸（最多N=400， K=200， L=500m）。RA-IGA始终选择最少的有效传感器，与IGA相比减少了5%-24%，与MMPA相比减少了约48%-56%，在20个种子上的分散更紧密。Friedman检验与Nemenyi事后检验证实p<；0.001。由于在匹配数据包和模型的假设下，较少的活动通常会减少每轮能量，因此这些结果表明网络寿命更长。消融表明冗余感知突变和修复在保持可行性的同时驱动稀疏性。他们还表明，异质岛模型有助于避免单种群局部最优，从而产生更好的最终解决方案。

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引用次数: 0