Mitigating landfill emissions strategies for effective waste management in tabuk

Abstract

This study investigates the environmental impacts associated with solid waste management in the Tabuk region of Saudi Arabia, specifically focusing on the implications of landfill emissions. With the population of Tabuk projected to increase from 887,536 in 2023–928,036 by 2050, the quantity of waste generated is expected to rise significantly, reaching an estimated 575,846,338 kg annually. This research highlights the critical relationship between increasing waste generation, greenhouse gas emissions, and environmental degradation, emphasizing the production of methane and carbon dioxide—potent contributors to global warming and air pollution. Utilizing the LandGEM model, emissions associated with rising waste volumes are quantified, revealing alarming trends in soil and groundwater contamination that adversely affect local ecosystems and biodiversity. Furthermore, the analysis indicates that the potential for biogas production from waste could yield substantial energy output, with projections showing an increase in biogas collection from 99,741 m³ in 2024 to approximately 1,514,931 m³ by 2050, translating into over 15 million kWh of renewable energy. The findings underscore the urgent need for effective waste management strategies in Tabuk, advocating for enhanced waste segregation and investment in waste-to-energy technologies as viable solutions. Ultimately, this research lays the groundwork for developing sustainable waste disposal practices that align with Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030, fostering environmental sustainability and public health in the region.