Pub Date : 2025-12-17DOI: 10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100460
Amila Kasun Sampath Udage Kankanamge , Michael Odei Erdiaw-Kwasie , Matthew Abunyewah
The informal e-waste sector in developing countries has evolved into a critical yet hazardous component of urban resource recovery, characterised by low-tech, unsafe, and environmentally damaging practices. Although governments increasingly promote formalisation, little is known about the micro-level resistance factors that shape informal sector employees’ reluctance to transition. This study addresses this gap by exploring the micro-level factors from the owners' and supervisors' perspectives which influence formalisation in Sri Lanka’s informal e-waste urban mining sector practices. Drawing on 27 semi-structured interviews and two focus group discussions, the analysis reveals cognitive, affective, leadership, and behavioural factors that shape informal sector employees’ reluctance to transition. These interlinked factors create a self-reinforcing system that sustains informality despite clear environmental, health and economic risks. Grounded in the Resistance to Change (RTC) perspective, the study offers the first empirical examination of micro-level resistance in this context and introduces the Resistance to Change framework that explains how such resistance shapes formalisation trajectories. The findings advance current theoretical debates and provide actionable insights to support policy reforms aligned with Sri Lanka’s National Policy on Waste Management.
{"title":"Transitioning to formalise E-waste urban mining practices: Resistance to change perspective","authors":"Amila Kasun Sampath Udage Kankanamge , Michael Odei Erdiaw-Kwasie , Matthew Abunyewah","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100460","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100460","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The informal e-waste sector in developing countries has evolved into a critical yet hazardous component of urban resource recovery, characterised by low-tech, unsafe, and environmentally damaging practices. Although governments increasingly promote formalisation, little is known about the micro-level resistance factors that shape informal sector employees’ reluctance to transition. This study addresses this gap by exploring the micro-level factors from the owners' and supervisors' perspectives which influence formalisation in Sri Lanka’s informal e-waste urban mining sector practices. Drawing on 27 semi-structured interviews and two focus group discussions, the analysis reveals cognitive, affective, leadership, and behavioural factors that shape informal sector employees’ reluctance to transition. These interlinked factors create a self-reinforcing system that sustains informality despite clear environmental, health and economic risks. Grounded in the Resistance to Change (RTC) perspective, the study offers the first empirical examination of micro-level resistance in this context and introduces the Resistance to Change framework that explains how such resistance shapes formalisation trajectories. The findings advance current theoretical debates and provide actionable insights to support policy reforms aligned with Sri Lanka’s National Policy on Waste Management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100460"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-16DOI: 10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100462
Edbert R. Lumbantobing, Mitsuyasu Iwanami
The widespread use of glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) across various industries, including boat construction, has resulted in significant waste accumulation. This study expands the application of recycled GFRP in concrete to include flakes, a form not previously explored, alongside fibers. By investigating fibers, flakes, and a hybrid fiber-flake group, this study aims to increase the usable fraction of recycled GFRP in concrete. The effects of recycled GFRP from decommissioned boat hulls on the compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, and splitting tensile strength of concrete were evaluated. Microstructural characteristics were analyzed using mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Incorporating recycled GFRP fibers or hybrid fiber-flake particles enhanced the compressive and splitting tensile strengths of concrete due to fiber bridging, whereas the use of flakes reduced these properties because their geometry and surface characteristics limit effective bonding. At a 2 % volume fraction, fibers increased compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, and splitting tensile strength by 17.8 %, 6.4 %, and 21.6 %, while flakes decreased these properties by 5.5 %, 4.2 %, and 8.4 %, respectively. MIP results showed that flake incorporation led to higher total pore volume and coarser pore structures, consistent with the interfacial defects leading to weaker bonding observed in SEM images, which together explain the reduction in mechanical performance. Although flakes reduced performance, the hybrid group indicated that combining fibers and flakes could accommodate higher recycled GFRP volumes and support more effective and sustainable recycling applications in concrete.
{"title":"Valorization of recycled GFRP fibers and flakes from decommissioned boats in concrete: Effects on mechanical and microstructural properties","authors":"Edbert R. Lumbantobing, Mitsuyasu Iwanami","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100462","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100462","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The widespread use of glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) across various industries, including boat construction, has resulted in significant waste accumulation. This study expands the application of recycled GFRP in concrete to include flakes, a form not previously explored, alongside fibers. By investigating fibers, flakes, and a hybrid fiber-flake group, this study aims to increase the usable fraction of recycled GFRP in concrete. The effects of recycled GFRP from decommissioned boat hulls on the compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, and splitting tensile strength of concrete were evaluated. Microstructural characteristics were analyzed using mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Incorporating recycled GFRP fibers or hybrid fiber-flake particles enhanced the compressive and splitting tensile strengths of concrete due to fiber bridging, whereas the use of flakes reduced these properties because their geometry and surface characteristics limit effective bonding. At a 2 % volume fraction, fibers increased compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, and splitting tensile strength by 17.8 %, 6.4 %, and 21.6 %, while flakes decreased these properties by 5.5 %, 4.2 %, and 8.4 %, respectively. MIP results showed that flake incorporation led to higher total pore volume and coarser pore structures, consistent with the interfacial defects leading to weaker bonding observed in SEM images, which together explain the reduction in mechanical performance. Although flakes reduced performance, the hybrid group indicated that combining fibers and flakes could accommodate higher recycled GFRP volumes and support more effective and sustainable recycling applications in concrete.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100462"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-13DOI: 10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100461
Archie Anh Pham , Ly N. Pham , Quynh M. Nguyen , Khue M. Nguyen , Huong T. Dam , Tra T.H. Le
Sustainable consumption research is largely dominated by Western-centric models that emphasize individual attitudes. However, a critical gap remains in understanding how these models apply to emerging collectivist economies where social norms often override individual preferences. This study bridges this gap by exploring reusable shopping bag consumption among Vietnamese youth, a key demographic in a rapidly developing, collectivist society. Integrating Value-Belief-Norm (VBN) and Consumer Socialization (TCS) theories, we surveyed 343 young consumers in Hanoi, analyzing the data with structural equation modeling (SEM). Results reveal a sharp divergence between attitudinal and behavioral pathways. While internal factors (biospheric values, objective knowledge) positively shape attitudes, actual consumption behavior is not driven by attitudes. Instead, it is directly and strongly predicted by external social factors (namely, peer and family communication). Furthermore, willingness to pay (WTP) is a significant negative moderator of the attitude-behavior link, suggesting WTP may reflect status-seeking motives that decouple behavior from personal environmental values. Our findings contribute a culturally specific model where social pathways override individual attitudes, offering critical implications for policymakers and marketers to shift from awareness campaigns toward leveraging peer networks to drive tangible change.
{"title":"Social pathways vs. personal attitudes: Modeling sustainable consumption in an emerging collectivist economy","authors":"Archie Anh Pham , Ly N. Pham , Quynh M. Nguyen , Khue M. Nguyen , Huong T. Dam , Tra T.H. Le","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100461","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sustainable consumption research is largely dominated by Western-centric models that emphasize individual attitudes. However, a critical gap remains in understanding how these models apply to emerging collectivist economies where social norms often override individual preferences. This study bridges this gap by exploring reusable shopping bag consumption among Vietnamese youth, a key demographic in a rapidly developing, collectivist society. Integrating Value-Belief-Norm (VBN) and Consumer Socialization (TCS) theories, we surveyed 343 young consumers in Hanoi, analyzing the data with structural equation modeling (SEM). Results reveal a sharp divergence between attitudinal and behavioral pathways. While internal factors (biospheric values, objective knowledge) positively shape attitudes, actual consumption behavior is not driven by attitudes. Instead, it is directly and strongly predicted by external social factors (namely, peer and family communication). Furthermore, willingness to pay (WTP) is a significant negative moderator of the attitude-behavior link, suggesting WTP may reflect status-seeking motives that decouple behavior from personal environmental values. Our findings contribute a culturally specific model where social pathways override individual attitudes, offering critical implications for policymakers and marketers to shift from awareness campaigns toward leveraging peer networks to drive tangible change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100461"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100459
Sobur Ahmed , Sahidul Islam , Fatema-Tuj Zohra
This research tackles the environmental issue of dye pollution in aquatic media, which is a significant concern due to the toxic and persistent nature of synthetic dyes. In this research, a novel composite such as, unsaturated polyester resin-graphene oxide-leather trimming waste (UPR-GO-LTW) was developed by incorporating leather trimming waste (LTW) into a graphene based polymer matrix. This composite offers an effective, sustainable, and low-cost solution for removing harmful dyes from wastewater and becomes vital to align with the sustainable development goals (SDGs) and mitigate the adverse environmental and social impacts. The integration of LTW valorizes industrial waste and enhances the adsorption properties of the composite. Different analytical techniques were employed to reveal the structural, morphological, and chemical attributes of the composite. The ability of developed adsorbent was studied under various parameters viz. pH, dose, contact time, concentration and temperature to remove C.I. acid violet 54 (AV54) dye from synthetic solution. The composite was characterized by FTIR, XRD, EDX, and FESEM to confirm its effective synthesis. The XRD results revealed that developed composite was amorphous. The optimum pH, dose, contact time, and temperature for maximum dye removal were of 3.0, 1.0 g/L, 120 min, and 318 K, respectively. The isotherm, kinetics and thermodynamics were studied to find the adsorption mechanism. The experimental coefficient value, R2 = 0.993 of Freundlich isotherm indicating heterogeneous adsorption. The maximum capacity of UPR-GO-LTW composite was 67.11 mg/g at its optimum pH 3.0. The study also revealed that AV54 dye adsorption was endothermic, physical, spontaneous, and practicable at higher temperature as the value of enthalpy (ΔH), entropy (ΔS) and Gibbs free energy (ΔG) were 54.47, 1.90 and (-2.0449 to −7.3350) kJ/mol, respectively. The study concluded that a plenty of devoid leather trimming waste can be effectively consumed for production of valuable composite that has huge potential to remove dye from leather dyeing effluents to mitigate water pollution besides reduction of solid waste accumulation.
{"title":"Characterization and performance analysis of leather trimming waste incorporated graphene-based composite (UPR-GO-LTW) for the removal of dye from aquatic media: A waste valorization approach","authors":"Sobur Ahmed , Sahidul Islam , Fatema-Tuj Zohra","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100459","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research tackles the environmental issue of dye pollution in aquatic media, which is a significant concern due to the toxic and persistent nature of synthetic dyes. In this research, a novel composite such as, unsaturated polyester resin-graphene oxide-leather trimming waste (UPR-GO-LTW) was developed by incorporating leather trimming waste (LTW) into a graphene based polymer matrix. This composite offers an effective, sustainable, and low-cost solution for removing harmful dyes from wastewater and becomes vital to align with the sustainable development goals (SDGs) and mitigate the adverse environmental and social impacts. The integration of LTW valorizes industrial waste and enhances the adsorption properties of the composite. Different analytical techniques were employed to reveal the structural, morphological, and chemical attributes of the composite. The ability of developed adsorbent was studied under various parameters viz. pH, dose, contact time, concentration and temperature to remove C.I. acid violet 54 (AV54) dye from synthetic solution. The composite was characterized by FTIR, XRD, EDX, and FESEM to confirm its effective synthesis. The XRD results revealed that developed composite was amorphous. The optimum pH, dose, contact time, and temperature for maximum dye removal were of 3.0, 1.0 g/L, 120 min, and 318 K, respectively. The isotherm, kinetics and thermodynamics were studied to find the adsorption mechanism. The experimental coefficient value, R<sup>2</sup> = 0.993 of Freundlich isotherm indicating heterogeneous adsorption. The maximum capacity of UPR-GO-LTW composite was 67.11 mg/g at its optimum pH 3.0. The study also revealed that AV54 dye adsorption was endothermic, physical, spontaneous, and practicable at higher temperature as the value of enthalpy (ΔH), entropy (ΔS) and Gibbs free energy (ΔG) were 54.47, 1.90 and (-2.0449 to −7.3350) kJ/mol, respectively. The study concluded that a plenty of devoid leather trimming waste can be effectively consumed for production of valuable composite that has huge potential to remove dye from leather dyeing effluents to mitigate water pollution besides reduction of solid waste accumulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100459"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145749644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100458
Dionisio Humberto Malagón-Romero , Marco Antonio Velasco-Peña , Juan Pablo Arrubla-Vélez , Luis Fernando Clavijo-Barreto , Iván Nicolás Barrera-Mendoza , Edwin David Jiménez-Montero
The Colombian native avocado variety Persea americana cv. Papelillo, traditionally cultivated alongside coffee crops, remains scientifically underexplored despite its local economic importance. Unlike commercial cultivars such as Hass, this variety faces commercialization challenges due to rapid ripening and oxidation, leading to significant underutilization of its byproducts. This research addresses that gap by integrating two valorization routes for Papelillo byproducts—seeds and second-grade pulp—within a circular bioeconomy framework. Slow pyrolysis of seeds was performed to produce biochar, bio-oil, and biogas, while hydrodynamic cavitation was used to extract edible oil from second-grade pulp. Thermal decomposition kinetics were analyzed using thermogravimetric (TGA) and derivative thermogravimetric (DTG) techniques, supported by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Activation energies were calculated through the Ozawa–Flynn–Wall and Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose models. Pyrolysis yielded 31.2 % biochar (21.39 kJ/kg calorific value), 3.7 % bio-oil, and 59.8 % biogas. The biochar exhibited favorable morphology and high heavy-metal adsorption potential. Hydrodynamic cavitation achieved a 69.16 % oil yield in 15 min with low energy intensity (990 kJ/kg), producing oil rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and with desirable physicochemical properties. This study presents the first integrated dual-valorization model for the native Colombian avocado variety, Persea americana cv. Papelillo. The developed framework integrates the hydrodynamic cavitation-assisted extraction of edible oil from pulp with the slow pyrolysis of biomass waste like seeds. This model successfully demonstrates the feasibility of converting this native avocado waste into bio-oil, biochar and nutraceutical-grade oils, thereby supporting sustainable agro-industrial practices and regional bioeconomic development in Colombia.
哥伦比亚本土鳄梨品种美洲鳄梨。Papelillo传统上与咖啡作物一起种植，尽管它在当地具有重要的经济意义，但在科学上仍未得到充分开发。与哈斯等商业品种不同，该品种由于快速成熟和氧化而面临商业化挑战，导致其副产品严重利用不足。本研究通过在循环生物经济框架内整合木瓜副产品（种子和二级纸浆）的两种增值途径来解决这一差距。采用种子慢速热解制得生物炭、生物油和沼气，采用流体动力空化法从二级纸浆中提取食用油。热分解动力学采用热重（TGA）和衍生热重（DTG）技术，傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）技术进行分析。通过Ozawa-Flynn-Wall和Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose模型计算活化能。热解得到31.2 %的生物炭（21.39 kJ/kg热值），3.7 %的生物油和59.8 %的沼气。生物炭表现出良好的形态和较高的重金属吸附电位。流体动力空化在15 min内以低能量强度（990 kJ/kg）获得了69.16% %的产油率，生产出富含多不饱和脂肪酸且具有理想物理化学性质的油。本研究提出了哥伦比亚本土鳄梨品种Persea americana cv的第一个综合双增值模型。Papelillo。开发的框架将流体动力空化辅助从纸浆中提取食用油与种子等生物质废物的缓慢热解相结合。该模型成功地证明了将这种本地鳄梨废物转化为生物油、生物炭和营养保健级油的可行性，从而支持哥伦比亚可持续的农业工业实践和区域生物经济发展。
{"title":"Valorization of Colombian native avocado (Persea americana cv. papelillo): biochar, bio-oil, biogas, and edible oil production","authors":"Dionisio Humberto Malagón-Romero , Marco Antonio Velasco-Peña , Juan Pablo Arrubla-Vélez , Luis Fernando Clavijo-Barreto , Iván Nicolás Barrera-Mendoza , Edwin David Jiménez-Montero","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100458","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100458","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Colombian native avocado variety <em>Persea americana</em> cv. Papelillo, traditionally cultivated alongside coffee crops, remains scientifically underexplored despite its local economic importance. Unlike commercial cultivars such as Hass, this variety faces commercialization challenges due to rapid ripening and oxidation, leading to significant underutilization of its byproducts. This research addresses that gap by integrating two valorization routes for Papelillo byproducts—seeds and second-grade pulp—within a circular bioeconomy framework. Slow pyrolysis of seeds was performed to produce biochar, bio-oil, and biogas, while hydrodynamic cavitation was used to extract edible oil from second-grade pulp. Thermal decomposition kinetics were analyzed using thermogravimetric (TGA) and derivative thermogravimetric (DTG) techniques, supported by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Activation energies were calculated through the Ozawa–Flynn–Wall and Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose models. Pyrolysis yielded 31.2 % biochar (21.39 kJ/kg calorific value), 3.7 % bio-oil, and 59.8 % biogas. The biochar exhibited favorable morphology and high heavy-metal adsorption potential. Hydrodynamic cavitation achieved a 69.16 % oil yield in 15 min with low energy intensity (990 kJ/kg), producing oil rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids and with desirable physicochemical properties. This study presents the first integrated dual-valorization model for the native Colombian avocado variety, <em>Persea americana</em> cv. Papelillo. The developed framework integrates the hydrodynamic cavitation-assisted extraction of edible oil from pulp with the slow pyrolysis of biomass waste like seeds. This model successfully demonstrates the feasibility of converting this native avocado waste into bio-oil, biochar and nutraceutical-grade oils, thereby supporting sustainable agro-industrial practices and regional bioeconomic development in Colombia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100458"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100456
Mohammad Main Uddin , M. Meherul Islam Khan , Md. Tazul Islam , Md. Asaduzzaman Babu
Environmental accounting and reporting address public environmental issues and demonstrate a company's commitment to sustainability, which is highly susceptible to the effects of climate change, especially in Bangladesh. Despite the increasing focus on sustainability reporting, there is a lack of research on the systematic translation of specific environmental management practices into organizational value through environmental accounting and reporting. These practices include solid waste, wastewater, energy, emissions, and monitoring. Accordingly, the study's primary aim is to identify the factors that influence an organization's environmental accounting and reporting and how these factors impact its goodwill, reputation, financial performance, and environmental sustainability. After gathering the data, several discrepancies were identified in the questionnaire, and 400 participants were selected following the data-cleaning process of 450 respondents. The research employed Smart PLS (4.1.0.0) with a PLS-SEM approach. The results support most of the hypothesized relationships. Specifically, SWM has a significant influence on EAR (β = 0.128), as do WWM (β = 0.256), EC (β = 0.568), and EA (β = 0.152). However, the relationship between PIM and EAR was not statistically significant (β = 0.053, p = 0.289), indicating that internal monitoring does not always translate into external environmental disclosures. Likewise, EAR was found to significantly enhance organizational outcomes, as it positively impacts OGR (β = 0.186), OFP (β = 0.139), and OES (β = 0.586). These findings underscore the importance of environmental initiatives and transparent reporting in achieving both reputational and financial benefits, as well as sustainability benefits. This research extends the legitimacy and stakeholder theory by demonstrating how strategic environmental practices and disclosure behaviors converge to enhance corporate performance, particularly in developing country contexts.
{"title":"From waste to worth: How environmental accounting translates sustainability practices into organizational value","authors":"Mohammad Main Uddin , M. Meherul Islam Khan , Md. Tazul Islam , Md. Asaduzzaman Babu","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100456","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100456","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Environmental accounting and reporting address public environmental issues and demonstrate a company's commitment to sustainability, which is highly susceptible to the effects of climate change, especially in Bangladesh. Despite the increasing focus on sustainability reporting, there is a lack of research on the systematic translation of specific environmental management practices into organizational value through environmental accounting and reporting. These practices include solid waste, wastewater, energy, emissions, and monitoring. Accordingly, the study's primary aim is to identify the factors that influence an organization's environmental accounting and reporting and how these factors impact its goodwill, reputation, financial performance, and environmental sustainability. After gathering the data, several discrepancies were identified in the questionnaire, and 400 participants were selected following the data-cleaning process of 450 respondents. The research employed Smart PLS (4.1.0.0) with a PLS-SEM approach. The results support most of the hypothesized relationships. Specifically, SWM has a significant influence on EAR (β = 0.128), as do WWM (β = 0.256), EC (β = 0.568), and EA (β = 0.152). However, the relationship between PIM and EAR was not statistically significant (β = 0.053, p = 0.289), indicating that internal monitoring does not always translate into external environmental disclosures. Likewise, EAR was found to significantly enhance organizational outcomes, as it positively impacts OGR (β = 0.186), OFP (β = 0.139), and OES (β = 0.586). These findings underscore the importance of environmental initiatives and transparent reporting in achieving both reputational and financial benefits, as well as sustainability benefits. This research extends the legitimacy and stakeholder theory by demonstrating how strategic environmental practices and disclosure behaviors converge to enhance corporate performance, particularly in developing country contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100456"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100455
K.K.Deeshani Akushla Wijesekara, Monower Sadique, Iacopo Carnacina, Veronica Torres De Sande, Ban Al-Hasani
Achieving circularity in the construction through the use of geopolymer concrete requires sustainable alternatives to natural virgin aggregates specially in the case of mass concrete application. However, the application of recycled aggregate (RA) in manufacturing concrete breakwaters for aggressive marine environments remains largely unexplored. A significant gap exists in comprehensive data regarding their long-term durability, leaching behavior, and mechanical performance under real-world coastal conditions. This study investigates the leaching behaviour and durability performance of a fly ash–GGBS-based geopolymer incorporating 100 % RA and compared against conventional cement and natural virgin aggregate based concrete, targeting sustainable applications in coastal breakwater structures. Key parameters evaluated include compressive strength, porosity, chloride ion migration, electrical resistivity, and the leachability of metal ions under both freshwater and seawater exposure.
Results
demonstrate that the cement-free RA-based geopolymer mix not only achieves comparable or superior durability, with up to 82 % improved chloride migration resistance, but also maintains low metal ion leaching well below regulatory limits in saline conditions compared to conventional OPC-based concrete. Despite a reduction in strength relative to the natural aggregate (NA)-based geopolymer, the RA-based mix achieved a 28-day compressive strength of 38.9 MPa, exceeding the 35.6 MPa of conventional OPC concrete, and exhibited significantly greater strength gain over time. The leaching behaviour of geopolymer concrete under simulated marine conditions was also revealed. Reduced porosity and enhanced microstructure further contributed to its durability highlighted the material’s viability as a durable, low-carbon alternative for marine infrastructure, supporting circular economy practices and advancing the decarbonization of coastal construction.
{"title":"Performance evaluation of recycled aggregate geopolymer concrete for low-carbon breakwater systems","authors":"K.K.Deeshani Akushla Wijesekara, Monower Sadique, Iacopo Carnacina, Veronica Torres De Sande, Ban Al-Hasani","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100455","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100455","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Achieving circularity in the construction through the use of geopolymer concrete requires sustainable alternatives to natural virgin aggregates specially in the case of mass concrete application. However, the application of recycled aggregate (RA) in manufacturing concrete breakwaters for aggressive marine environments remains largely unexplored. A significant gap exists in comprehensive data regarding their long-term durability, leaching behavior, and mechanical performance under real-world coastal conditions. This study investigates the leaching behaviour and durability performance of a fly ash–GGBS-based geopolymer incorporating 100 % RA and compared against conventional cement and natural virgin aggregate based concrete, targeting sustainable applications in coastal breakwater structures. Key parameters evaluated include compressive strength, porosity, chloride ion migration, electrical resistivity, and the leachability of metal ions under both freshwater and seawater exposure.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>demonstrate that the cement-free RA-based geopolymer mix not only achieves comparable or superior durability, with up to 82 % improved chloride migration resistance, but also maintains low metal ion leaching well below regulatory limits in saline conditions compared to conventional OPC-based concrete. Despite a reduction in strength relative to the natural aggregate (NA)-based geopolymer, the RA-based mix achieved a 28-day compressive strength of 38.9 MPa, exceeding the 35.6 MPa of conventional OPC concrete, and exhibited significantly greater strength gain over time. The leaching behaviour of geopolymer concrete under simulated marine conditions was also revealed. Reduced porosity and enhanced microstructure further contributed to its durability highlighted the material’s viability as a durable, low-carbon alternative for marine infrastructure, supporting circular economy practices and advancing the decarbonization of coastal construction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100455"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-09DOI: 10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100457
Gláucia Cardoso de Souza-Dal Bó , Adriano Michael Bernardin
Inadequate solid waste management is a global problem, especially in urban areas of developing countries. This problem is worse in countries like Brazil, the fifth largest country in the world with the sixth largest population. Data on waste management in Brazil is produced periodically by two main institutions, one public (SNIS, National Sanitation Information System), linked to the Federal Government, and the other private (ABREMA, Brazilian Waste and Environment Association). Therefore, this study shows the waste management in Brazil, analyzing the Brazilian scenario based on historical series published by SNIS and ABREMA for the 2012–2022 period. The data were compared between both institutions to analyze the evolution of waste management in Brazil over a decade regarding other countries (Latin America and the Caribbean, European Union and BRICS, China, Asia, and the USA). The indicators show the interference of Brazilian municipal management systems and the difficulty of articulation between the different segments of society. Selective collection programs and processing units are not capable of increasing the reuse rates of recyclable materials in Brazil. Landfills are still active in some regions and the logistics of the recycling chain depends fundamentally on formal and informal waste collectors, who work under extremely vulnerable conditions. Therefore, increasing recovery rates for recyclable materials fundamentally depends on the inclusion of waste collectors in regular and formal systems and, consequently, on public-private partnerships and regulations that recognize and guarantee the rights of this labor group. Likewise, for the PNRS to be effectively implemented, the planned actions and targets must be periodically monitored by the competent public authorities.
{"title":"The (de)valuation of solid waste in developing countries: The Brazilian case (2012–2022) after the national solid waste policy","authors":"Gláucia Cardoso de Souza-Dal Bó , Adriano Michael Bernardin","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100457","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100457","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inadequate solid waste management is a global problem, especially in urban areas of developing countries. This problem is worse in countries like Brazil, the fifth largest country in the world with the sixth largest population. Data on waste management in Brazil is produced periodically by two main institutions, one public (SNIS, National Sanitation Information System), linked to the Federal Government, and the other private (ABREMA, Brazilian Waste and Environment Association). Therefore, this study shows the waste management in Brazil, analyzing the Brazilian scenario based on historical series published by SNIS and ABREMA for the 2012–2022 period. The data were compared between both institutions to analyze the evolution of waste management in Brazil over a decade regarding other countries (Latin America and the Caribbean, European Union and BRICS, China, Asia, and the USA). The indicators show the interference of Brazilian municipal management systems and the difficulty of articulation between the different segments of society. Selective collection programs and processing units are not capable of increasing the reuse rates of recyclable materials in Brazil. Landfills are still active in some regions and the logistics of the recycling chain depends fundamentally on formal and informal waste collectors, who work under extremely vulnerable conditions. Therefore, increasing recovery rates for recyclable materials fundamentally depends on the inclusion of waste collectors in regular and formal systems and, consequently, on public-private partnerships and regulations that recognize and guarantee the rights of this labor group. Likewise, for the PNRS to be effectively implemented, the planned actions and targets must be periodically monitored by the competent public authorities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100457"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145749651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Geospatial technologies were applied in this study to evaluate potential landfill sites to accommodate solid waste in the fast-growing Arba Minch Town, southern Ethiopia, by integrating multiple criteria, including environmental (slope, land use/land cover types, distance from streams/rivers, and distance from protected areas), social (distance from settlements), and economic factors (distance from road networks). Using several criteria, including land use and land cover, road network, land slope, stream, distance from settlement, and distance from protected areas, the weighted overlay analysis method was used to evaluate suitability. In this process, weights were assigned to the factors based on their significance in determining landfill site suitability. Following the overlay analysis, the weighted aggregation results revealed four levels of suitability for solid waste landfill sites in the study area: unsuitable, less suitable, moderately suitable, and highly suitable. According to this study, the majority of the area (48.6 %) is unsuitable for landfill sites, 24.6 % is less suitable, and 19.8 % is moderately suitable for landfill sites. Only 7 % of the total area is highly suitable for a landfill site, with the most suitable areas located in the northeast of town. In conclusion, this study proposes a practical solution to the problem of solid waste landfill sites using geospatial technology. The AHP-weighted GIS overlay yielded an overall accuracy of ∼8–10 % points better (97.6 % vs. 89.4 %) as well as producer and user accuracies of 97.3 and 97.9 %, respectively (vs. 88.5 and 90.2 % points) to produce more accurate, reliable, and compliant landfill siting. The results of this study show that the implementation of GIS with the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method has the potential to select appropriate landfill sites for future use in the region. These findings provide geospatial insights for municipal planners and regional authorities to develop resilient solid waste strategies, thereby enhancing environmental sustainability and urban resilience in Arba Minch and similar towns in Ethiopia.
{"title":"Exploring urban solid waste landfill sites for Arba Minch Town, Ethiopia: A suitability analysis employing geospatial technologies for sustainable urban development","authors":"Alemayehu Abera , Elias Bojago , Mamush Masha , Gemechu Tadila","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100452","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100452","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Geospatial technologies were applied in this study to evaluate potential landfill sites to accommodate solid waste in the fast-growing Arba Minch Town, southern Ethiopia, by integrating multiple criteria, including environmental (slope, land use/land cover types, distance from streams/rivers, and distance from protected areas), social (distance from settlements), and economic factors (distance from road networks). Using several criteria, including land use and land cover, road network, land slope, stream, distance from settlement, and distance from protected areas, the weighted overlay analysis method was used to evaluate suitability. In this process, weights were assigned to the factors based on their significance in determining landfill site suitability. Following the overlay analysis, the weighted aggregation results revealed four levels of suitability for solid waste landfill sites in the study area: unsuitable, less suitable, moderately suitable, and highly suitable. According to this study, the majority of the area (48.6 %) is unsuitable for landfill sites, 24.6 % is less suitable, and 19.8 % is moderately suitable for landfill sites. Only 7 % of the total area is highly suitable for a landfill site, with the most suitable areas located in the northeast of town. In conclusion, this study proposes a practical solution to the problem of solid waste landfill sites using geospatial technology. The AHP-weighted GIS overlay yielded an overall accuracy of ∼8–10 % points better (97.6 % vs. 89.4 %) as well as producer and user accuracies of 97.3 and 97.9 %, respectively (vs. 88.5 and 90.2 % points) to produce more accurate, reliable, and compliant landfill siting. The results of this study show that the implementation of GIS with the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method has the potential to select appropriate landfill sites for future use in the region. These findings provide geospatial insights for municipal planners and regional authorities to develop resilient solid waste strategies, thereby enhancing environmental sustainability and urban resilience in Arba Minch and similar towns in Ethiopia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100452"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145749645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<div><div>The growing human population, resulting from rapid urbanization, is leading to a shortage of land for food production. This has led to the emergence of various production methods, such as Aquaponics, which combine aquaculture and hydroponics in a single recirculating system. Aquaponics is a pioneering farming system that involves the production of both plants and fish. This research was carried out in an aquaponic system that is part of the Batu Fish and Other Aquatic Life Research Center, Oromia Regional Agricultural Research Institute (longitude 88º33' E, latitude 23º24' N) from the start of December 2021 to the end of February 2022. A study was conducted to evaluate the use of Water hyacinth-based liquid fertilizer in aquaponics conditions and investigate the effects of foliar applications of compost tea on lettuce growth and yield, compared to a hydroponic system. The experimental setup consisted of a fully operational aquaponics system, featuring fish tanks, hydroponics, bacteria, fish, and plants as its main components. To effectively conduct aquaponics production, it's crucial to monitor water parameters such as pH, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, and temperature. In three rearing tanks, each with a diameter of 1.2 m, a depth of 0.75 m, and a volume of 840 L, Nile tilapia fingerlings weighing an average of 20 g were stocked at a combined biomass of 3.2 kg. They were fed at 3 % of their body weight with a diet that contained 35 % crude protein. The tanks were linked to replicate plant trays, and two hydroponic containers were also connected to replicate plant trays. After 21 days, lettuce seedlings were transplanted into both aquaponics and hydroponics systems. Foliar nutrient applications began 30 days post-transplant using five treatments: FAA (T1), UA (T2), LSA (T3), UH (T4), and FAH (T5), with biweekly sprayings. The result of water quality parameters recorded during the experiment was permissible except for pH and EC in the aquaponic system. Variance analysis (ANOVA) and Duncan’s test (p > 0.05) revealed that the number of leaves was similar between systems, but significant differences in leaf fresh weight (p < 0.05) (p < 0.05) were observed. T1 showed the highest weight at 82.80 ± 2.353 g, while T2, T3, T4, and T5 had lower weights. Significant differences in root weights were also noted, with T5 leading at 23.60 ± 1.088 g. The average number of leaves per treatment was around 37 for T1 and T5. The ash content of the lettuce from both systems ranged from 20 % to 33 %. As the data on fish growth indicate, the final fish weight was not significantly different (p > 0.05) across all treatments. The results suggest that foliar application can effectively address nutrient deficiencies, promoting better growth and yield in both aquaponic and hydroponic systems. Generally, the study found that using water hyacinth vermicompost tea in an aquaponics system in Batu, Ethiopia, helps both fish and vegetables grow b
{"title":"Water hyacinth vermicompost tea supplementation improves the productivity of fish and vegetables in aquaponics system in Batu, Ethiopia","authors":"Gemechu Tolera, Abebe Getahun, Akewake Geremew, Seyoum Mengistou","doi":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100451","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clwas.2025.100451","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing human population, resulting from rapid urbanization, is leading to a shortage of land for food production. This has led to the emergence of various production methods, such as Aquaponics, which combine aquaculture and hydroponics in a single recirculating system. Aquaponics is a pioneering farming system that involves the production of both plants and fish. This research was carried out in an aquaponic system that is part of the Batu Fish and Other Aquatic Life Research Center, Oromia Regional Agricultural Research Institute (longitude 88º33' E, latitude 23º24' N) from the start of December 2021 to the end of February 2022. A study was conducted to evaluate the use of Water hyacinth-based liquid fertilizer in aquaponics conditions and investigate the effects of foliar applications of compost tea on lettuce growth and yield, compared to a hydroponic system. The experimental setup consisted of a fully operational aquaponics system, featuring fish tanks, hydroponics, bacteria, fish, and plants as its main components. To effectively conduct aquaponics production, it's crucial to monitor water parameters such as pH, dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, and temperature. In three rearing tanks, each with a diameter of 1.2 m, a depth of 0.75 m, and a volume of 840 L, Nile tilapia fingerlings weighing an average of 20 g were stocked at a combined biomass of 3.2 kg. They were fed at 3 % of their body weight with a diet that contained 35 % crude protein. The tanks were linked to replicate plant trays, and two hydroponic containers were also connected to replicate plant trays. After 21 days, lettuce seedlings were transplanted into both aquaponics and hydroponics systems. Foliar nutrient applications began 30 days post-transplant using five treatments: FAA (T1), UA (T2), LSA (T3), UH (T4), and FAH (T5), with biweekly sprayings. The result of water quality parameters recorded during the experiment was permissible except for pH and EC in the aquaponic system. Variance analysis (ANOVA) and Duncan’s test (p > 0.05) revealed that the number of leaves was similar between systems, but significant differences in leaf fresh weight (p < 0.05) (p < 0.05) were observed. T1 showed the highest weight at 82.80 ± 2.353 g, while T2, T3, T4, and T5 had lower weights. Significant differences in root weights were also noted, with T5 leading at 23.60 ± 1.088 g. The average number of leaves per treatment was around 37 for T1 and T5. The ash content of the lettuce from both systems ranged from 20 % to 33 %. As the data on fish growth indicate, the final fish weight was not significantly different (p > 0.05) across all treatments. The results suggest that foliar application can effectively address nutrient deficiencies, promoting better growth and yield in both aquaponic and hydroponic systems. Generally, the study found that using water hyacinth vermicompost tea in an aquaponics system in Batu, Ethiopia, helps both fish and vegetables grow b","PeriodicalId":100256,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Waste Systems","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100451"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145749646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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