Physical and Optical Properties of Tellurium Dioxide-Based Quaternary Glasses: Potential for Nonlinear Optical Applications

IF 2.2 4区工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Journal of Electronic Materials Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI:10.1007/s11664-024-11566-z

Komal Poria, Rajesh Parmar, Harita Kumari, Sunil Dhankhar, R. S. Kundu

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Abstract

An exploration was undertaken to examine the physical and optical traits of a quaternary glass system utilizing tellurium dioxide as its primary component. The glasses were prepared with 60TeO₂-15B₂O₃-(25−x)Bi₂O₃-xSrCl₂ molar composition, where x = 5 mol.%, 10 mol.%, 15 mol.%, and 20 mol.%. The utilization of x-ray diffraction interpretation verified the amorphous nature of the glasses. Several physical properties were measured, including density (ρ), molar volume (V_m), and oxygen packing density (OPD). It was observed that the density decreased (from 5.301 g/cm³ to 3.542 g/cm³) as the heavier molar mass of bismuth(III) oxide was replaced with the lighter molar mass of strontium chloride. Consequently, the glass matrix became less dense. The molar volume increased (from 40.129 cm³/mol to 51.612 cm³/mol) with higher strontium chloride content. Adding strontium chloride decreased the OPD (from 56.069 to 34.875), reducing the number of oxygen atoms in the glass sample. The optical properties were analyzed via the ultraviolet absorption spectrum. The cutoff wavelength (λ_c) decreased (from 442 nm to 359 nm) as the strontium chloride content increased. With increased strontium chloride content, the prepared glasses showed indirect transitions in their energy band gaps. Additionally, the values of the indirect band gap energy (E_opt) increased from 2.02 eV to 2.95 eV. The Urbach energy (ΔE), which characterizes the disorder in the glass structure, decreased (from 0.288 eV to 0.270 eV) with increasing strontium chloride concentration, indicating a lower defect concentration. The molar refractivity values ranged from 26.82 to 31.79, reflecting the polarizability of the constituent ions. The glasses demonstrated a metallization criterion within the range of 0.332 to 0.384, indicating their promise for applications in the area of nonlinear optical devices.

Graphical Abstract

Spectra of optical absorption for the TBSr glasses.

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基于二氧化碲的四元玻璃的物理和光学性质：非线性光学应用的潜力

研究了以二氧化碲为主要成分的四元玻璃系统的物理和光学特性。用60TeO2-15B2O3-(25−x)Bi2O3-xSrCl2的摩尔组成制备玻璃，其中x = 5mol %, 10mol %， 15mol %和20mol %。利用x射线衍射解释证实了玻璃的无定形性质。测量了几种物理性质，包括密度（ρ），摩尔体积（Vm）和氧堆积密度（OPD）。当较重的摩尔质量的氧化铋（III）被较轻的摩尔质量的氯化锶所取代时，其密度从5.301 g/cm3下降到3.542 g/cm3。因此，玻璃基体的密度降低了。随着氯化锶含量的增加，摩尔体积从40.129 cm3/mol增加到51.612 cm3/mol。氯化锶的加入降低了OPD（从56.069降至34.875），减少了玻璃样品中的氧原子数。通过紫外吸收光谱分析了其光学性能。随着氯化锶含量的增加，截止波长（λc）从442 nm减小到359 nm。随着氯化锶含量的增加，所制备的玻璃的能带隙发生间接跃迁。间接带隙能（Eopt）由2.02 eV增加到2.95 eV。表征玻璃结构无序性的Urbach能量（ΔE）随着氯化锶浓度的增加而降低（从0.288 eV降至0.270 eV），表明缺陷浓度较低。摩尔折射率值在26.82 ~ 31.79之间，反映了组成离子的极化率。该玻璃的金属化判据在0.332 ~ 0.384之间，预示着其在非线性光学器件领域的应用前景。图解：TBSr玻璃的光吸收光谱。

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来源期刊

Journal of Electronic Materials 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

4.80%

发文量

693

审稿时长

3.8 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Electronic Materials (JEM) reports monthly on the science and technology of electronic materials, while examining new applications for semiconductors, magnetic alloys, dielectrics, nanoscale materials, and photonic materials. The journal welcomes articles on methods for preparing and evaluating the chemical, physical, electronic, and optical properties of these materials. Specific areas of interest are materials for state-of-the-art transistors, nanotechnology, electronic packaging, detectors, emitters, metallization, superconductivity, and energy applications. Review papers on current topics enable individuals in the field of electronics to keep abreast of activities in areas peripheral to their own. JEM also selects papers from conferences such as the Electronic Materials Conference, the U.S. Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials, and the International Conference on Thermoelectrics. It benefits both specialists and non-specialists in the electronic materials field. A journal of The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society.