Boulder ramps as a restoration measure: Increasing in the resilience of mountain freshwater ecosystems to environmental changes

IF 8.2 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Science of the Total Environment Pub Date : 2025-01-25 DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178475
Aneta Bylak, Joanna Szmuc, Elżbieta Hałoń, Krzysztof Kukuła
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Abstract

Mountain environments, as biodiversity hotspots, are subject to numerous anthropological pressures. In mountain areas, a common threat to stream biocenoses is the timber industry. Timber industry increases the fine sediment input into the mountain rivers; furthermore, timber transport requires the construction of low-water crossings across streams. Transversal barriers (weirs/fords/pipe culverts) may cause excessive erosion downstream and the accumulation of fine sediments upstream, thereby decreasing habitat heterogeneity. Moreover, mountain stream communities are sensitive to climate change; for e.g., climate change may result in increasing water temperature and decreasing flows. Boulder ramps are considered effective restoration measure for rivers; benthic macroinvertebrate community composition is an effective indicator of stream health. In this study, we selected two mountain streams catchment with forest management. The control was a stream without any objects in the streambed related to timber transport. The other stream contained weirs and pipe culverts. We considered an extensive study period that covered the stages before (2009) and after restoration (2014, 2017–2018, 2019). We present the hypothesis that boulder ramps can restore in-stream habitats, improve biodiversity, and increase the resilience of benthic macroinvertebrate communities to future environmental changes. Our study demonstrates the effectiveness of boulder ramps for mountain streams restoration. We indicated, that the habitat potential of the restored stream-reach for rheophilic and lithophilic invertebrates increased substantially. Moreover, the restored riffles allowed the streambed to be cleared of fine sediments, offering the microrefugia, which were beneficial for mountain stream invertebrates, thereby increasing the diversity and resilience of the benthic communities.

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巨石坡道作为一种恢复措施:增加山地淡水生态系统对环境变化的适应能力。
山区环境作为生物多样性的热点地区,承受着众多人类压力。在山区,木材业是溪流生物群落面临的常见威胁。木材业增加了输入山区河流的细小沉积物;此外,木材运输需要在溪流上修建低水位渡槽。横向障碍物(堰/筏/管涵)可能会造成下游过度侵蚀和上游细小沉积物的积累,从而降低栖息地的异质性。此外,山区溪流群落对气候变化很敏感,例如,气候变化可能导致水温升高和流量减少。大石坡道被认为是有效的河流修复措施;底栖大型无脊椎动物群落组成是衡量河流健康状况的有效指标。在这项研究中,我们选择了两条有森林管理的山区溪流。对照组是一条河,河床中没有任何与木材运输相关的物体。另一条溪流则包含围堰和管涵。我们考虑了一个广泛的研究期,涵盖了修复前(2009 年)和修复后(2014 年、2017-2018 年、2019 年)的各个阶段。我们提出的假设是,巨石坡道可以恢复溪流内的栖息地,改善生物多样性,提高底栖大型无脊椎动物群落对未来环境变化的适应能力。我们的研究证明了巨石坡道在恢复山区溪流方面的有效性。我们发现,恢复后的溪流河段嗜流变和嗜石类无脊椎动物的栖息地潜力大幅提高。此外,恢复后的溪流可以清除河床中的细小沉积物,提供有利于山区溪流无脊椎动物的微型庇护所,从而增加底栖生物群落的多样性和恢复力。
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来源期刊
Science of the Total Environment
Science of the Total Environment 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
17.60
自引率
10.20%
发文量
8726
审稿时长
2.4 months
期刊介绍: The Science of the Total Environment is an international journal dedicated to scientific research on the environment and its interaction with humanity. It covers a wide range of disciplines and seeks to publish innovative, hypothesis-driven, and impactful research that explores the entire environment, including the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and anthroposphere. The journal's updated Aims & Scope emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary environmental research with broad impact. Priority is given to studies that advance fundamental understanding and explore the interconnectedness of multiple environmental spheres. Field studies are preferred, while laboratory experiments must demonstrate significant methodological advancements or mechanistic insights with direct relevance to the environment.
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