Feray Ünlü, Alejandra Florez, Keely Dodd-Clements, Lennart Klaus Reb, Michael Götte, Matthias Grosch, Fengning Yang, Senol Öz, Florian Mathies, Sanjay Mathur, Daniel Ramírez, Franklin Jaramillo, Eva Unger
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Halide perovskite solar cells are approaching commercialization, with solution processing emerging as a key method for large-scale production. This study introduces a significant advancement: using non-toxic solvents like water and alcohol in perovskite precursor inks facilitated by the protic ionic liquid methylammonium propionate (MAP). MAP effectively dissolves perovskite precursors such as lead acetate and methylammonium iodide, enabling the first stable water-based perovskite precursor ink suitable for one-step slot-die coating. This new ink formulation contrasts with conventional dimethylformamide (DMF) and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)-based inks, as evidenced by in-situ grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS), which revealed an intermediate-free liquid-to-solid transition. In-situ mass spectrometry also showed that organic molecules evaporate during annealing, resulting in a crystalline perovskite phase. Optimization of the solvent mixture to H2O/IPA/MAP enabled successful slot-die coating, yielding perovskite solar cells with an efficiency of up to 10%. This eco-friendly ink reduces toxicity and environmental impact compared to DMF-based inks, offering a longer shelf life and the possibility of using the ink in ambient conditions. This pioneering work represents the first report of a water-based green ink formulation for one-step thin film coating at room-temperature conditions by slot-die coating, highlighting its potential for sustainable commercial applications.
期刊介绍：
Established in 2011, Advanced Energy Materials is an international, interdisciplinary, English-language journal that focuses on materials used in energy harvesting, conversion, and storage. It is regarded as a top-quality journal alongside Advanced Materials, Advanced Functional Materials, and Small.
With a 2022 Impact Factor of 27.8, Advanced Energy Materials is considered a prime source for the best energy-related research. The journal covers a wide range of topics in energy-related research, including organic and inorganic photovoltaics, batteries and supercapacitors, fuel cells, hydrogen generation and storage, thermoelectrics, water splitting and photocatalysis, solar fuels and thermosolar power, magnetocalorics, and piezoelectronics.
The readership of Advanced Energy Materials includes materials scientists, chemists, physicists, and engineers in both academia and industry. The journal is indexed in various databases and collections, such as Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database, FIZ Karlsruhe, INSPEC (IET), Science Citation Index Expanded, Technology Collection, and Web of Science, among others.
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