Oral and Gut Microbial Hubs Associated With Reaction Threshold Interact With Circulating Immune Factors in Peanut Allergy

IF 12 1区医学 Q1 ALLERGY Allergy Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI:10.1111/all.16481

Lingdi Zhang, Yoojin Chun, Galina Grishina, Tracy Lo, Kyle Reed, Julie Wang, Scott Sicherer, M. Cecilia Berin, Supinda Bunyavanich

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Abstract

Background

Among peanut-allergic individuals, there is high variability in the amount of peanut that triggers reactions (i.e., reaction threshold) that is not predictable or well-understood. We conducted this study to characterize relationships between the oral and gut microbiomes and systemic processes associated with reaction threshold in peanut allergy (PA).

Methods

In a cohort of 120 children with suspected PA who underwent double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenges, we generated and analyzed parallel profiles of the oral microbiome, gut microbiome, peripheral blood transcriptome, peripheral blood cytometry, and serum antibody levels to identify threshold-associated markers and their inter-relationships.

Results

The 120 participants included 23 children with no PA, 74 with high-threshold PA (reacting to ≥ 443 mg cumulative peanut protein), and 23 with low-threshold PA (reacting to < 443 mg cumulative peanut protein). Ten hub microbes were each identified in saliva and stool microbiome networks that were constructed, including the hub microbes Rothia aeria in saliva and Bacteroides sp. in stool that were associated with reaction threshold. These hub microbes were also associated with peripheral blood transcript levels for threshold-associated key drivers of FcγR-mediated phagocytosis and TLR signaling. Correlation network construction with additional data on threshold-associated peripheral blood neutrophil abundance and peanut-specific serum IgE and Ara h 2 antibody levels revealed central roles for saliva Rothia aeria and stool Bacteroides sp. in local-systemic networks for IgE- and IgG-mediated peanut allergy.

Conclusions

This integrated study of oral and stool microbiomes, blood transcriptome, cellular profiles, and peanut-specific serum antibodies revealed new relationships between local microbiota and systemic measures associated with reaction threshold in peanut allergy.

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花生过敏中与反应阈相关的口腔和肠道微生物中心与循环免疫因子相互作用

背景：在花生过敏个体中，引发反应的花生量（即反应阈值）存在高度可变性，这是不可预测或不可理解的。我们进行了这项研究，以表征口腔和肠道微生物组与花生过敏（PA）反应阈值相关的系统过程之间的关系。方法：对120名疑似PA的儿童进行双盲、安慰剂对照的食物挑战，我们生成并分析了口腔微生物组、肠道微生物组、外周血转录组、外周血细胞计数和血清抗体水平的平行谱，以确定阈值相关标记及其相互关系。结果：120名参与者包括23名无过敏性花生过敏儿童，74名高阈值过敏性花生过敏儿童（对≥443 mg累积花生蛋白起反应），23名低阈值过敏性花生过敏儿童（对花生蛋白起反应）。结论：这项口腔和粪便微生物组、血液转录组、细胞谱和花生特异性血清抗体的综合研究揭示了局部微生物群与花生过敏反应阈相关的全身措施之间的新关系。

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来源期刊

Allergy 医学-过敏

CiteScore

26.10

自引率

9.70%

发文量

393

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Allergy is an international and multidisciplinary journal that aims to advance, impact, and communicate all aspects of the discipline of Allergy/Immunology. It publishes original articles, reviews, position papers, guidelines, editorials, news and commentaries, letters to the editors, and correspondences. The journal accepts articles based on their scientific merit and quality. Allergy seeks to maintain contact between basic and clinical Allergy/Immunology and encourages contributions from contributors and readers from all countries. In addition to its publication, Allergy also provides abstracting and indexing information. Some of the databases that include Allergy abstracts are Abstracts on Hygiene & Communicable Disease, Academic Search Alumni Edition, AgBiotech News & Information, AGRICOLA Database, Biological Abstracts, PubMed Dietary Supplement Subset, and Global Health, among others.