{"title":"Effects of domestication on essential oil yield, chemical profiling, and antifungal activities of bitter fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)","authors":"Fatma Zehra Ok, Arif Şanlı","doi":"10.1016/j.bse.2024.104951","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work aims to investigate the effect of cultivation method on phytochemical profile and antifungal activities of essential oils gained from cultivated and wild fennel seeds and herb in Turkey. Wildly obtained fennel had lower dry, fresh herb and seed yield than cultivated fennel. By contrast, essential oil content of fennel herb and seeds was significantly reduced when fennel was grown under field conditions compared to wild. In total, 50 compounds representing more than 98% of the essential oils were identified. Estragole, fenchone and limonene have found as the major components both wild and domesticated plants. However, the proportions of the components varied significantly based on cultivation and plant samples. Estragole were found 55.08% and 73.69% for herb and 48.29% and 57.57% for seed oil for the wild and cultivated plants, respectively. While the fenchone contents of herbs and seeds were similar in both plants, limonene content in domesticated plants decreased from 22.43% to 1.48% for seed and 7.54%–2.01% for herb essential oils. The examined oil has shown a low to moderate fungal development inhibition capability against <em>F. oxysporum</em> and <em>B. cineria</em> especially high concentrations. Biocontrol efficiency of herb essential oils in both plants was higher than the seed essential oils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8799,"journal":{"name":"Biochemical Systematics and Ecology","volume":"120 ","pages":"Article 104951"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Biochemical Systematics and Ecology","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305197824001698","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/12/31 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
This work aims to investigate the effect of cultivation method on phytochemical profile and antifungal activities of essential oils gained from cultivated and wild fennel seeds and herb in Turkey. Wildly obtained fennel had lower dry, fresh herb and seed yield than cultivated fennel. By contrast, essential oil content of fennel herb and seeds was significantly reduced when fennel was grown under field conditions compared to wild. In total, 50 compounds representing more than 98% of the essential oils were identified. Estragole, fenchone and limonene have found as the major components both wild and domesticated plants. However, the proportions of the components varied significantly based on cultivation and plant samples. Estragole were found 55.08% and 73.69% for herb and 48.29% and 57.57% for seed oil for the wild and cultivated plants, respectively. While the fenchone contents of herbs and seeds were similar in both plants, limonene content in domesticated plants decreased from 22.43% to 1.48% for seed and 7.54%–2.01% for herb essential oils. The examined oil has shown a low to moderate fungal development inhibition capability against F. oxysporum and B. cineria especially high concentrations. Biocontrol efficiency of herb essential oils in both plants was higher than the seed essential oils.
期刊介绍：
Biochemical Systematics and Ecology is devoted to the publication of original papers and reviews, both submitted and invited, in two subject areas: I) the application of biochemistry to problems relating to systematic biology of organisms (biochemical systematics); II) the role of biochemistry in interactions between organisms or between an organism and its environment (biochemical ecology).
In the Biochemical Systematics subject area, comparative studies of the distribution of (secondary) metabolites within a wider taxon (e.g. genus or family) are welcome. Comparative studies, encompassing multiple accessions of each of the taxa within their distribution are particularly encouraged. Welcome are also studies combining classical chemosystematic studies (such as comparative HPLC-MS or GC-MS investigations) with (macro-) molecular phylogenetic studies. Studies that involve the comparative use of compounds to help differentiate among species such as adulterants or substitutes that illustrate the applied use of chemosystematics are welcome. In contrast, studies solely employing macromolecular phylogenetic techniques (gene sequences, RAPD studies etc.) will be considered out of scope. Discouraged are manuscripts that report known or new compounds from a single source taxon without addressing a systematic hypothesis. Also considered out of scope are studies using outdated and hard to reproduce macromolecular techniques such as RAPDs in combination with standard chemosystematic techniques such as GC-FID and GC-MS.
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