{"title":"A population-level impact assessment of the National Health Mission on maternal and child health outcomes in India.","authors":"Abinash Singh, Sukumar Vellakkal, Aswini Kumar Mishra","doi":"10.1057/s41271-025-00558-w","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>India launched the National Health Mission (NHM) in 2005 to reduce maternal and child mortality by providing equitable, affordable, and quality healthcare services. Studies evaluating the impact of NHM primarily focused on the uptake of maternal and child health (MCH) services, revealing a dearth of evidence on related health outcomes. Using annual time-series data, we estimated the population-level (intention-to-treat effect) impact of the NHM on MCH outcomes such as infant mortality rate (IMR), stillbirth rate, neonatal mortality rate (NMR), and maternal mortality ratio (MMR). Our results exhibit strong consensus on the positive impact on IMR in the post-NHM period, with a significant reduction in its rate and regional inequity. Conversely, our estimates show a moderate impact on stillbirth rate and an insignificant impact on NMR and MMR. Our findings inform policy decisions for strengthening the public health system to amplify the positive gains in MCH outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":50070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Health Policy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Public Health Policy","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1057/s41271-025-00558-w","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
India launched the National Health Mission (NHM) in 2005 to reduce maternal and child mortality by providing equitable, affordable, and quality healthcare services. Studies evaluating the impact of NHM primarily focused on the uptake of maternal and child health (MCH) services, revealing a dearth of evidence on related health outcomes. Using annual time-series data, we estimated the population-level (intention-to-treat effect) impact of the NHM on MCH outcomes such as infant mortality rate (IMR), stillbirth rate, neonatal mortality rate (NMR), and maternal mortality ratio (MMR). Our results exhibit strong consensus on the positive impact on IMR in the post-NHM period, with a significant reduction in its rate and regional inequity. Conversely, our estimates show a moderate impact on stillbirth rate and an insignificant impact on NMR and MMR. Our findings inform policy decisions for strengthening the public health system to amplify the positive gains in MCH outcomes.
期刊介绍：
The Journal of Public Health Policy (JPHP) will continue its 35 year tradition: an accessible source of scholarly articles on the epidemiologic and social foundations of public health policy, rigorously edited, and progressive.
JPHP aims to create a more inclusive public health policy dialogue, within nations and among them. It broadens public health policy debates beyond the ''health system'' to examine all forces and environments that impinge on the health of populations. It provides an exciting platform for airing controversy and framing policy debates - honing policies to solve new problems and unresolved old ones.
JPHP welcomes unsolicited original scientific and policy contributions on all public health topics. New authors are particularly encouraged to enter debates about how to improve the health of populations and reduce health disparities.
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