{"title":"The role of epigenetics in plant pathogens interactions under the changing environments: A systematic review","authors":"Wenhao Wu , Guoqiang Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.stress.2025.100753","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Epigenetic modifications are emerging as pivotal regulatory mechanisms in plant-pathogen interactions, especially under changing environmental conditions. This review systematically examines the application of epigenetic processes (DNA methylation, histone modifications, non-coding RNAs, and RNA methylation) in shaping the intricate dynamics between plants and pathogens. DNA methylation influences plant immunity by modulating gene expression and chromatin accessibility, while histone modifications, such as acetylation and methylation, enable plants to establish robust defenses by fine-tuning stress-responsive genes. Small RNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) act as post-transcriptional regulators, orchestrating immune signaling and pathogen counter-defense strategies. RNA methylation, particularly N6-methyladenosine (m6A), adds another layer of regulation, controlling the stability and translation of transcripts involved in host immunity and pathogen virulence. The review highlights the co-evolutionary arms race between plants and pathogens, where pathogens manipulate host epigenetic machinery to suppress defenses, while plants deploy countermeasures to maintain immune resilience. Advances in high-throughput sequencing and CRISPR-based tools are shedding light on these complex interactions, offering opportunities to engineer crops with enhanced disease resistance. Furthermore, the review emphasizes the need to explore the interplay between these epigenetic mechanisms under multifaceted environmental stresses. By integrating recent findings, this review underscores the potential of epigenetic research to revolutionize crop protection strategies, ensuring agricultural sustainability in a rapidly changing world.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34736,"journal":{"name":"Plant Stress","volume":"15 ","pages":"Article 100753"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Plant Stress","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667064X25000181","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PLANT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Epigenetic modifications are emerging as pivotal regulatory mechanisms in plant-pathogen interactions, especially under changing environmental conditions. This review systematically examines the application of epigenetic processes (DNA methylation, histone modifications, non-coding RNAs, and RNA methylation) in shaping the intricate dynamics between plants and pathogens. DNA methylation influences plant immunity by modulating gene expression and chromatin accessibility, while histone modifications, such as acetylation and methylation, enable plants to establish robust defenses by fine-tuning stress-responsive genes. Small RNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) act as post-transcriptional regulators, orchestrating immune signaling and pathogen counter-defense strategies. RNA methylation, particularly N6-methyladenosine (m6A), adds another layer of regulation, controlling the stability and translation of transcripts involved in host immunity and pathogen virulence. The review highlights the co-evolutionary arms race between plants and pathogens, where pathogens manipulate host epigenetic machinery to suppress defenses, while plants deploy countermeasures to maintain immune resilience. Advances in high-throughput sequencing and CRISPR-based tools are shedding light on these complex interactions, offering opportunities to engineer crops with enhanced disease resistance. Furthermore, the review emphasizes the need to explore the interplay between these epigenetic mechanisms under multifaceted environmental stresses. By integrating recent findings, this review underscores the potential of epigenetic research to revolutionize crop protection strategies, ensuring agricultural sustainability in a rapidly changing world.
期刊介绍：
The journal Plant Stress deals with plant (or other photoautotrophs, such as algae, cyanobacteria and lichens) responses to abiotic and biotic stress factors that can result in limited growth and productivity. Such responses can be analyzed and described at a physiological, biochemical and molecular level. Experimental approaches/technologies aiming to improve growth and productivity with a potential for downstream validation under stress conditions will also be considered. Both fundamental and applied research manuscripts are welcome, provided that clear mechanistic hypotheses are made and descriptive approaches are avoided. In addition, high-quality review articles will also be considered, provided they follow a critical approach and stimulate thought for future research avenues.
Plant Stress welcomes high-quality manuscripts related (but not limited) to interactions between plants and:
Lack of water (drought) and excess (flooding),
Salinity stress,
Elevated temperature and/or low temperature (chilling and freezing),
Hypoxia and/or anoxia,
Mineral nutrient excess and/or deficiency,
Heavy metals and/or metalloids,
Plant priming (chemical, biological, physiological, nanomaterial, biostimulant) approaches for improved stress protection,
Viral, phytoplasma, bacterial and fungal plant-pathogen interactions.
The journal welcomes basic and applied research articles, as well as review articles and short communications. All submitted manuscripts will be subject to a thorough peer-reviewing process.
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