Rational design and multi-step sprayed preparation of concentration gradient CNT@WPU electrothermal coatings for the highly efficient anti-/de-icing performance

IF 6.9 2区工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS Applied Thermal Engineering Pub Date : 2025-01-23 DOI:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2025.125704

Xianghuang Zhou , Yizhou Shen , Zhen Wang , Jiawei Jiang , Senyun Liu , Weilan Liu , Yuebin Lin

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Abstract

Electrothermal anti-/de-icing technology is considered to be an effective means of solving the icing problem on the composite surface of multi-electric/pure-electric vehicle in the future. The electrothermal coating with carbon nanotube concentration gradient was fabricated by the multi-step spraying method, which obviously increased the rate of electric heating by inducing directional heat transfer. The coating temperature remained above 0 ℃ under various low-temperature incoming conditions, when the electric power density as low as 0.4 W/cm². Meanwhile, the concentration gradient coating’s excellent adhesion and electrothermal stability ensured its long service life. Moreover, the surface temperature of the coating on the airfoil model increased rapidly to over 50 ℃ within 180 s at an initial electrical power density of 1.2 W/cm², effectively preventing ice formation on the leading edge for 60 s under −15 °C, 30 m/s flow condition. Under the same conditions, 8.5 mm-thick ice on the leading edge could be swiftly removed within 22 s with initial electrical power density of 1.8 W/cm². This strategy of conductive packing gradient design will provide new insights for advanced electrothermal anti-/de-icing material manufacturing.

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合理设计和多步喷涂制备浓度梯度CNT@WPU高效防/除冰电热涂料

电热防/除冰技术被认为是未来解决多电动/纯电动汽车复合表面结冰问题的有效手段。采用多步喷涂法制备了具有碳纳米管浓度梯度的电热涂层，通过诱导定向传热，明显提高了电加热速率。当电功率密度低至0.4 W/cm2时，在各种低温入线条件下，涂层温度均保持在0℃以上。同时，浓度梯度涂层良好的附着力和电热稳定性保证了其较长的使用寿命。此外，在初始功率密度为1.2 W/cm2时，翼型模型涂层表面温度在180 s内迅速上升至50℃以上，在−15℃、30 m/s流动条件下，涂层表面温度可有效防止前缘结冰60 s。在相同条件下，在初始功率密度为1.8 W/cm2的条件下，前缘8.5 mm厚的冰可以在22 s内迅速去除。这种导电填料梯度设计策略将为先进的电热防冰/除冰材料制造提供新的见解。

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sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)

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sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)

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Ethanol solvent

来源期刊

Applied Thermal Engineering 工程技术-工程：机械

CiteScore

11.30

自引率

15.60%

发文量

1474

审稿时长

57 days

期刊介绍： Applied Thermal Engineering disseminates novel research related to the design, development and demonstration of components, devices, equipment, technologies and systems involving thermal processes for the production, storage, utilization and conservation of energy, with a focus on engineering application. The journal publishes high-quality and high-impact Original Research Articles, Review Articles, Short Communications and Letters to the Editor on cutting-edge innovations in research, and recent advances or issues of interest to the thermal engineering community.