Spatiotemporal evolution of PM_2.5 and its components and drivers in China, 2000-2023: effects of air pollution prevention and control actions in China.

IF 3.8 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Environmental Geochemistry and Health Pub Date : 2025-02-08 DOI:10.1007/s10653-025-02375-2

Yindi Peng, Yamin Zhao, Ning Gao, Dan Sheng, Shaoyan Tang, Shan Zheng, Minzhen Wang

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Abstract

This study evaluated the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan (APPCAP) in China using 2000-2023 data. The average annual PM_2.5 concentration dropped from 46.11 ± 16.18 µg/m³ to 31.75 ± 14.22 µg/m³ (P < 0.05) after APPCAP, with components showing a similar decline. Temporal analysis via Mann-Kendall test indicated a decreasing trend (Z < 0, P < 0.05), seasonally peaking in winter and lowest in summer. Spatially, APPCAP reduced concentration distribution, with key regions improving but areas like Shandong and Henan still facing severe pollution. The main PM_2.5 driver shifted from human (e.g., population density) to meteorological (e.g., temperature) factors post-APPCAP, and anthropogenic influence varied across regions. In summary, APPCAP has curbed PM_2.5 pollution, yet SO₄^2-, NO₃^-, and NH₄⁺ remain relatively high, and the increasing human impact in central and southeastern China demands attention in future policies.

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2000-2023年中国PM2.5及其成分和驱动因素的时空演变：中国大气污染防治行动的效果

本研究利用2000-2023年的数据对中国大气污染防治行动计划（APPCAP）进行了评估。PM2.5年均浓度从46.11±16.18µg/m3下降到31.75±14.22µg/m3 （PM2.5驱动因子由人为因素（如人口密度）转向气象因素（如温度）），且不同地区的人为影响存在差异。综上所述，APPCAP已经遏制了PM2.5污染，但SO42-， NO3-和NH4+仍然相对较高，中国中部和东南部地区的人为影响日益增加，需要在未来的政策中予以关注。

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来源期刊

Environmental Geochemistry and Health 环境科学-工程：环境

CiteScore

8.00

自引率

4.80%

发文量

279

审稿时长

4.2 months

期刊介绍： Environmental Geochemistry and Health publishes original research papers and review papers across the broad field of environmental geochemistry. Environmental geochemistry and health establishes and explains links between the natural or disturbed chemical composition of the earth’s surface and the health of plants, animals and people. Beneficial elements regulate or promote enzymatic and hormonal activity whereas other elements may be toxic. Bedrock geochemistry controls the composition of soil and hence that of water and vegetation. Environmental issues, such as pollution, arising from the extraction and use of mineral resources, are discussed. The effects of contaminants introduced into the earth’s geochemical systems are examined. Geochemical surveys of soil, water and plants show how major and trace elements are distributed geographically. Associated epidemiological studies reveal the possibility of causal links between the natural or disturbed geochemical environment and disease. Experimental research illuminates the nature or consequences of natural or disturbed geochemical processes. The journal particularly welcomes novel research linking environmental geochemistry and health issues on such topics as: heavy metals (including mercury), persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and mixed chemicals emitted through human activities, such as uncontrolled recycling of electronic-waste; waste recycling; surface-atmospheric interaction processes (natural and anthropogenic emissions, vertical transport, deposition, and physical-chemical interaction) of gases and aerosols; phytoremediation/restoration of contaminated sites; food contamination and safety; environmental effects of medicines; effects and toxicity of mixed pollutants; speciation of heavy metals/metalloids; effects of mining; disturbed geochemistry from human behavior, natural or man-made hazards; particle and nanoparticle toxicology; risk and the vulnerability of populations, etc.