Plasma saturated fatty acids are inversely associated with lean mass and strength in adults: NHANES 2011–2012

IF 3.2 Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-30 DOI:10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102667

Heitor O. Santos, Rafaela Nehme, Larissa S. Limirio, Maria Eduarda de F. Mendonça, Flávia M.S. de Branco, Erick P. de Oliveira

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Abstract

Background & aims

Several studies have suggested that increased intake of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) may have a pro-inflammatory effect, potentially impacting muscle mass and strength. However, the relationship of plasma SFAs and their subtypes (which reflect dietary SFA intake) with muscle mass and strength remains poorly understood. This study aimed to evaluate the association of plasma SFAs with lean mass and handgrip strength in adults.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted with 896 participants aged 20-59 years, selected from a subsample of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2012. Total plasma SFAs and their subtypes were detected using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Lean mass was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, with evaluations of both total lean mass and appendicular lean mass. Muscle strength was measured using a handgrip dynamometer, with combined grip strength calculated by summing the highest values from each hand. Linear regression analysis was conducted to examine the association between plasma SFAs, lean mass, and handgrip strength, adjusting for potential confounders.

Results

Total lean mass was negatively associated with total plasma SFAs and several of their subtypes such as plasma levels of stearic acid, palmitic acid, arachidic acid, tricosanoic acid, lignoceric acid, and docosanoic acid. Similarly, appendicular lean mass was negatively associated with total plasma SFAs, as well as with several specific subtypes, including palmitic acid, stearic acid, margaric acid, pentadecanoic acid, and myristic acid. Handgrip strength also demonstrated a negative association with total plasma SFAs, including specific subtypes such as lauric acid, palmitic acid, capric acid, margaric acid, pentadecanoic acid, and myristic acid.

Conclusion

Total plasma SFAs and several of their subtypes are inversely associated with lean mass and muscle strength in adults.

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血浆饱和脂肪酸与成人瘦体重和力量呈负相关：NHANES 2011-2012

背景,几项研究表明，饱和脂肪酸（sfa）摄入量的增加可能具有促炎作用，可能会影响肌肉质量和力量。然而，血浆SFA及其亚型（反映膳食SFA摄入量）与肌肉质量和力量的关系仍然知之甚少。本研究旨在评估成人血浆sfa与瘦体重和握力的关系。方法选取2011-2012年国家健康与营养调查（NHANES）的子样本，对896名年龄在20-59岁之间的参与者进行横断面研究。采用气相色谱-质谱法检测血浆总sfa及其亚型。采用双能x线吸收仪评估瘦质量，同时评估总瘦质量和阑尾瘦质量。肌肉力量是用握力计测量的，通过将每只手的最大值相加来计算综合握力。进行线性回归分析以检验血浆sfa、瘦质量和握力之间的关系，并对潜在的混杂因素进行调整。结果总瘦体重与血浆总sfa及其几个亚型（硬脂酸、棕榈酸、花生四酸、三糖酸、木质素酸和二十二糖酸）水平呈负相关。同样，阑尾瘦质量与血浆总sfa以及几种特定亚型呈负相关，包括棕榈酸、硬脂酸、人造黄油酸、棕榈酸和肉豆汁酸。握力也与血浆总sfa呈负相关，包括特定亚型，如月桂酸、棕榈酸、癸酸、人造黄油酸、五酸和肉豆酱酸。结论血浆总sfa及其几种亚型与成人瘦质量和肌力呈负相关。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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