Alpha rhythm and Alzheimer’s disease: Has Hans Berger’s dream come true?

IF 3.6 3区医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Clinical Neurophysiology Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-13 DOI:10.1016/j.clinph.2025.02.256

Claudio Babiloni , Xianghong Arakaki , Sandra Baez , Robert J. Barry , Alberto Benussi , Katarzyna Blinowska , Laura Bonanni , Barbara Borroni , Jorge Bosch Bayard , Giuseppe Bruno , Alessia Cacciotti , Filippo Carducci , John Carino , Matteo Carpi , Antonella Conte , Josephine Cruzat , Fabrizia D’Antonio , Stefania Della Penna , Claudio Del Percio , Pierfilippo De Sanctis , Anita Kamondi

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Abstract

In this “centenary” paper, an expert panel revisited Hans Berger’s groundbreaking discovery of human restingstate electroencephalographic (rsEEG) alpha rhythms (8–12 Hz) in 1924, his foresight of substantial clinical applications in patients with “senile dementia,” and new developments in the field, focusing on Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most prevalent cause of dementia in pathological aging.

Clinical guidelines issued in 2024 by the US National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer’s Association (NIA-AA) and the European Neuroscience Societies did not endorse routine use of rsEEG biomarkers in the clinical workup of older adults with cognitive impairment. Nevertheless, the expert panel highlighted decades of research from independent workgroups and different techniques showing consistent evidence that abnormalities in rsEEG delta, theta, and alpha rhythms (< 30 Hz) observed in AD patients correlate with wellestablished AD biomarkers of neuropathology, neurodegeneration, and cognitive decline. We posit that these abnormalities may reflect alterations in oscillatory synchronization within subcortical and cortical circuits, inducing cortical inhibitory-excitatory imbalance (in some cases leading to epileptiform activity) and vigilance dysfunctions (e.g., mental fatigue and drowsiness), which may impact AD patients’ quality of life.

Berger’s vision of using EEG to understand and manage dementia in pathological aging is still actual.

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α节律和阿尔茨海默病：汉斯·伯杰的梦想成真了吗？

在这篇“百年纪念”论文中，一个专家小组回顾了Hans Berger在1924年对人类静息状态脑电图(rsEEG) α节律（8-12赫兹）的开创性发现，他对“老年性痴呆”患者大量临床应用的远见，以及该领域的新发展，重点关注阿尔茨海默病（AD），这是病理性衰老中最常见的痴呆原因。美国国家衰老研究所-阿尔茨海默氏症协会（NIA-AA）和欧洲神经科学学会于2024年发布的临床指南不支持在老年认知障碍患者的临床检查中常规使用rsEEG生物标志物。尽管如此，专家小组强调了来自独立工作组和不同技术的数十年研究，显示了一致的证据，即rsEEG δ、θ和α节律异常(<；在AD患者中观察到的30hz)与已建立的AD神经病理学、神经变性和认知能力下降的生物标志物相关。我们假设这些异常可能反映了皮层下和皮层回路中振荡同步的改变，导致皮层抑制-兴奋性失衡（在某些情况下导致癫痫样活动）和警觉性功能障碍（例如精神疲劳和嗜睡），这可能影响AD患者的生活质量。伯杰使用脑电图来理解和管理病理性衰老中的痴呆的设想仍然是现实的。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Clinical Neurophysiology 医学-临床神经学

CiteScore

8.70

自引率

6.40%

发文量

932

审稿时长

59 days

期刊介绍： As of January 1999, The journal Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, and its two sections Electromyography and Motor Control and Evoked Potentials have amalgamated to become this journal - Clinical Neurophysiology. Clinical Neurophysiology is the official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology, the Brazilian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, the Czech Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, the Italian Clinical Neurophysiology Society and the International Society of Intraoperative Neurophysiology.The journal is dedicated to fostering research and disseminating information on all aspects of both normal and abnormal functioning of the nervous system. The key aim of the publication is to disseminate scholarly reports on the pathophysiology underlying diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system of human patients. Clinical trials that use neurophysiological measures to document change are encouraged, as are manuscripts reporting data on integrated neuroimaging of central nervous function including, but not limited to, functional MRI, MEG, EEG, PET and other neuroimaging modalities.