Alpha rhythm and Alzheimer’s disease: Has Hans Berger’s dream come true?

IF 3.7 3区医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Clinical Neurophysiology Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI:10.1016/j.clinph.2025.02.256

Claudio Babiloni , Xianghong Arakaki , Sandra Baez , Robert J. Barry , Alberto Benussi , Katarzyna Blinowska , Laura Bonanni , Barbara Borroni , Jorge Bosch Bayard , Giuseppe Bruno , Alessia Cacciotti , Filippo Carducci , John Carino , Matteo Carpi , Antonella Conte , Josephine Cruzat , Fabrizia D’Antonio , Stefania Della Penna , Claudio Del Percio , Pierfilippo De Sanctis , Anita Kamondi

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Abstract

In this “centenary” paper, an expert panel revisited Hans Berger’s groundbreaking discovery of human restingstate electroencephalographic (rsEEG) alpha rhythms (8–12 Hz) in 1924, his foresight of substantial clinical applications in patients with “senile dementia,” and new developments in the field, focusing on Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most prevalent cause of dementia in pathological aging.

Clinical guidelines issued in 2024 by the US National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer’s Association (NIA-AA) and the European Neuroscience Societies did not endorse routine use of rsEEG biomarkers in the clinical workup of older adults with cognitive impairment. Nevertheless, the expert panel highlighted decades of research from independent workgroups and different techniques showing consistent evidence that abnormalities in rsEEG delta, theta, and alpha rhythms (< 30 Hz) observed in AD patients correlate with wellestablished AD biomarkers of neuropathology, neurodegeneration, and cognitive decline. We posit that these abnormalities may reflect alterations in oscillatory synchronization within subcortical and cortical circuits, inducing cortical inhibitory-excitatory imbalance (in some cases leading to epileptiform activity) and vigilance dysfunctions (e.g., mental fatigue and drowsiness), which may impact AD patients’ quality of life.

Berger’s vision of using EEG to understand and manage dementia in pathological aging is still actual.

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来源期刊

Clinical Neurophysiology 医学-临床神经学

CiteScore

8.70

自引率

6.40%

发文量

932

审稿时长

59 days

期刊介绍： As of January 1999, The journal Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, and its two sections Electromyography and Motor Control and Evoked Potentials have amalgamated to become this journal - Clinical Neurophysiology. Clinical Neurophysiology is the official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology, the Brazilian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, the Czech Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, the Italian Clinical Neurophysiology Society and the International Society of Intraoperative Neurophysiology.The journal is dedicated to fostering research and disseminating information on all aspects of both normal and abnormal functioning of the nervous system. The key aim of the publication is to disseminate scholarly reports on the pathophysiology underlying diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system of human patients. Clinical trials that use neurophysiological measures to document change are encouraged, as are manuscripts reporting data on integrated neuroimaging of central nervous function including, but not limited to, functional MRI, MEG, EEG, PET and other neuroimaging modalities.