A Test of the Long-Term Efficiency of Genetic Rescue With Drosophila melanogaster

IF 3.9 1区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Molecular Ecology Pub Date : 2025-02-18 DOI:10.1111/mec.17690
Noelia Pérez-Pereira, Daniel Kleinman-Ruiz, Aurora García-Dorado, Humberto Quesada, Armando Caballero
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Abstract

Genetic rescue is considered a promising but underutilised conservation strategy to mitigate inbreeding depression and restore genetic diversity. Yet, empirical evidence supporting its long-term efficacy is limited to studies investigating short-term effects. Here, we conducted an experiment with Drosophila to test the long-term efficiency of genetic rescue across generations. A wild population was captured to found a genetically diverse mass-bred base population (BP) in the laboratory. Smaller populations of 50 individuals each (N50) were then founded from the BP and maintained for 31 generations. Three sets of lines of eight individuals each were founded from these N50 populations: non-rescued (control), rescued with BP males, and rescued with N50 males. These lines were maintained for 33 generations. Pupae productivity analysis showed substantial purging in N50 populations and adaptation to laboratory conditions in the BP. Rescued-BP lines showed a higher productivity and lower extinction rates compared to non-rescued lines. Whole-genome sequencing of individuals from a non-rescued line and a rescued-BP line revealed fewer deleterious alleles, lower genetic diversity, and higher inbreeding in the rescued line, suggesting efficient rescue. Our results enlighten the importance of introducing new genetic variation allowing for adaptation to increase survival even in small populations despite the simultaneous introduction of an inbreeding load, particularly when facing global changes affecting environmental conditions of both donor and recipient populations.

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黑腹果蝇基因抢救的长期效果试验。
遗传拯救被认为是一种很有前途但尚未充分利用的保护策略,以减轻近亲繁殖的衰退和恢复遗传多样性。然而,支持其长期疗效的经验证据仅限于调查短期效果的研究。在这里,我们对果蝇进行了一项实验,以测试跨代遗传拯救的长期效率。捕获了一个野生种群,在实验室中发现了一个遗传多样性的大规模繁殖基础种群(BP)。然后从BP中建立了50个个体(N50)的小群体,并维持了31代。从这些N50种群中建立了3组8个个体的系:未获救(对照)、BP雄性获救和N50雄性获救。这些品系延续了33代。蛹产量分析显示N50种群在BP中有大量的净化和对实验室条件的适应。与非救援系相比,救援bp系表现出更高的生产力和更低的灭绝率。对非救助系和救助bp系的个体进行全基因组测序发现,救助系的有害等位基因较少,遗传多样性较低,近交较高,表明救助有效。我们的研究结果揭示了引入新的遗传变异的重要性,即使在同时引入近交负荷的情况下,也允许在小种群中适应以提高存活率,特别是在面临影响供体和受体种群环境条件的全球变化时。
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来源期刊
Molecular Ecology
Molecular Ecology 生物-进化生物学
CiteScore
8.40
自引率
10.20%
发文量
472
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Molecular Ecology publishes papers that utilize molecular genetic techniques to address consequential questions in ecology, evolution, behaviour and conservation. Studies may employ neutral markers for inference about ecological and evolutionary processes or examine ecologically important genes and their products directly. We discourage papers that are primarily descriptive and are relevant only to the taxon being studied. Papers reporting on molecular marker development, molecular diagnostics, barcoding, or DNA taxonomy, or technical methods should be re-directed to our sister journal, Molecular Ecology Resources. Likewise, papers with a strongly applied focus should be submitted to Evolutionary Applications. Research areas of interest to Molecular Ecology include: * population structure and phylogeography * reproductive strategies * relatedness and kin selection * sex allocation * population genetic theory * analytical methods development * conservation genetics * speciation genetics * microbial biodiversity * evolutionary dynamics of QTLs * ecological interactions * molecular adaptation and environmental genomics * impact of genetically modified organisms
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