Active and passive control of radiative MHD water-based copper nanofluid flow over a stretching surface

Abstract

This research examines the numerical study of a two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic flow of nanofluid with copper nanoparticles across a stretched sheet. Active control and passive control are the two forms of conditions that are applied to the molar concentration distribution. The surface concentration is regarded as constant under the active control condition, indicating that there is a mass flow on the surface of the sheet. The shooting approach is used to solve the current mathematical model. The precision of the current model is substantiated by matching the current findings with those that have been published. According to the results, a higher magnetic factor improves the temperature and micro-rotation profiles while decreasing the velocity profile. The velocity distribution is improved and the micro-rotation profiles are decreased with a larger micropolar factor. For active and control nanoparticles, a higher Brownian motion factor improves the temperature profiles while decreasing the concentration profiles. For both active and controlled nanoparticles, a higher thermophoresis factor improves thermal and concentration distributions. Skin friction is improved by higher values of the magnetic, stretching, and micropolar parameters and decreased by higher values of the slip factor. A larger heat source and thermal Biot number increase heat transfer rate, but higher thermophoresis and Brownian motion components decrease it.