Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of physicochemical properties, antioxidant capacity, and antiproliferative activity against human cancer cell lines of ethanolic extract of irradiated Sonchus arvensis","authors":"Hendig Winarno ,&nbsp;Susanto Susanto ,&nbsp;Ermin Katrin Winarno ,&nbsp;Idrus Kadir ,&nbsp;Ashri Mukti Benita ,&nbsp;Henni Widyastuti ,&nbsp;Indra Mustika Pratama ,&nbsp;Deudeu Lasmawati ,&nbsp;Muhammad Hanafi ,&nbsp;Nina Artanti ,&nbsp;Rahayu Puspitasari","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102152","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Perennial sowthistle (<em>Sonchus arvensis</em> L.) is a medicinal plant recognized for its therapeutic potential, including antiinflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties. This study evaluated the effects of gamma irradiation on the ethanolic extract of <em>S. arvensis</em> leaves (SAL-EE) by assessing its physicochemical characteristics and biological activities. The SAL-EE was irradiated at the doses of 5, 7.5, 10, and 12.5 kGy, and both control (SAL-EE) and irradiated extracts were examined for total aerobic plate count (TAPC), total yeast-mold count (TYMC), total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), antioxidant capacity, LC-HRMS total ion chromatogram (TIC), and <em>in vitro</em> antiproliferative activity against MCF7 (breast) and A549 (lung) cancer cells, and normal Vero cells. Gamma irradiation (5–12.5 kGy) effectively reduced microbial contamination, decreasing TAPC by 1–3 log cycles and TYMC by 1–4 log cycles. The TPC of irradiated extracts increased with dose, except at 5 kGy, while TFC showed a decreasing trend. Both control and irradiated extracts exhibited potent antiproliferative activity (IC₅₀ &lt; 20 μg/mL) toward both cancer cells, showing greater selectivity against A549 cells. No significant difference (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05) was observed in MCF7 activity between irradiated and control extracts, but doses ≥10 kGy significantly reduced activity toward A549 cells. All extracts demonstrated high selectivity (SI &gt; 3), indicating preferential toxicity toward cancer cells. Antioxidant capacity correlated positively with TPC and negatively with TFC. LC–HRMS analysis identified several phenolic and flavonoid compounds, including NP-003294, 4-hydroxycoumarin, umbelliferone, 5-pentylresorcinol, apigenin, and kaempferol, which relatively remained stable after irradiation, while 1,3,6-trihydroxy-2,4-bis(3-methyl-2-buten-1-yl)-9H-xanthen-9-one was detected only in the extract irradiated at 5 kGy. The findings indicate that moderate irradiation (7.5–10 kGy) ensures microbial safety while preserving key bioactive constituents of <em>S. arvensis</em> ethanolic extract.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102152"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered brain activation patterns in dyssynergic defecation: Investigating neural mechanisms through task-based fMRI analysis","authors":"Sheng-fu Zhang ,&nbsp;Li Wang ,&nbsp;Tong Zeng ,&nbsp;He-qiang Li ,&nbsp;Qi-xin Tan ,&nbsp;Fang Hu ,&nbsp;Tao Wu ,&nbsp;Shi-jun Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Dyssynergic Defecation (DD) is a functional disorder characterized by paradoxical contraction or insufficient relaxation of the pelvic floor muscles during defecation. While behavioral and physiological factors have been extensively investigated, the underlying central neural mechanisms remain inadequately understood. This study aims to elucidate the differences in brain activation patterns between individuals with DD and healthy controls (HC) during a simulated defecation task utilizing fMRI, thereby addressing the limited comprehension of its neural mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We recruited eight patients diagnosed with DD and ten HC participants. All subjects underwent task-based fMRI while engaging in a validated simulated defecation paradigm. Additionally, the Constipation Scoring System (CSS), the Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life (PAC-QOL), and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) were utilized to assess Clinical indicators. The fMRI data were preprocessed and analyzed employing a general linear model (GLM) to identify brain regions exhibiting significant activation during the task. Comparisons between groups were conducted, along with correlation analyses with Clinical indicators.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The DD cohort displayed diminished activation in the right thalamus and right cerebellum (VI), whereas the HC group exhibited activation in the right cerebellum (VI) and the right inferior parietal lobule. Notably, the DD group demonstrated negative activation in several brain areas, including the left fusiform gyrus and left parahippocampal gyrus, when compared to HC. Correlation analysis indicated positive relationships between brain activation in specific regions, such as the right cerebellum (VI) and the left cerebellum (III), with CSS scores and symptoms of straining and incomplete evacuation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Individuals with DD manifest a distinct profile of dysfunctional brain activation during simulated defecation. These findings suggest a central neural pathophysiology characterized by impaired sensorimotor integration, excessive cognitive inhibition, and altered interoceptive processing. This provides a novel perspective for comprehending DD and may guide future neuromodulation-based therapeutic approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102201"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of nurse-led comprehensive care on compliance, image quality, and family satisfaction during pediatric MRI sedation: A retrospective study","authors":"Kaikai Qiu,&nbsp;Qian Jing,&nbsp;Yuan Yuan,&nbsp;Lihong Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102202","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102202","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the impact of nurse-led pediatric MRI sedation care on child compliance and family satisfaction during cranial MRI examinations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 275 children aged 1–3 years. Based on the different MRI sedation care methods, they were defined into a routine care group​ (n = 149), which received standard sedation care led by physicians or according to a protocol without a dedicated nursing role, and a nurse-led group​ (n = 126), which received comprehensive sedation care led by nurses before the MRI examination. Child compliance was assessed through sleep onset time, success rates of examination completion (first vs. second positioning), and image quality scores. Family satisfaction was measured using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Physiological stress (heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure) and family negative emotional status (Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, SAS; Self-Rating Depression Scale, SDS) were evaluated before and after MRI. Adverse reactions were recorded within 24 h.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared to the routine group, the nurse-led group had a higher proportion of children falling asleep within 20 min (84.92 % vs. 68.46 %, P = 0.001) and a higher first-positioning success rate (84.13 % vs. 68.46 %, P = 0.003). Image quality meeting the standard was higher in the nurse-led group (93.65 % vs. 82.55 %, P = 0.005). Family satisfaction was significantly higher (97.62 % vs. 87.92 %, P = 0.003). Post-examination physiological stress (HR: 108.49 vs. 109.76, P = 0.023; SBP: 85.62 vs. 87.53, P = 0.025; DBP: 55.53 vs. 56.94, P = 0.016) and negative emotional scores (SAS: 47.81 vs. 49.18, P = 0.015; SDS: 48.76 vs. 50.48, P = 0.005) were lower. The overall incidence of adverse reactions was lower (18.25 % vs. 30.2 %, P = 0.022).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Nurse-led pediatric MRI sedation care improves child compliance, image quality, family satisfaction, and reduces physiological stress and adverse reactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102202"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-derived lysosome-dependent cell death signatures for prognostic stratification and immune microenvironment assessment in neuroblastoma","authors":"Shuran Zi,&nbsp;Di Yang,&nbsp;Yulei Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Develop an LDCD-based prognostic model for neuroblastoma, identify core LDCD-related biomarkers, and characterize links to the immune microenvironment and therapeutic response.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Bulk RNA-seq data from TARGET (n = 79) and GSE49710 (n = 483) were integrated; LDCD genes were curated from GeneCards. We evaluated 117 machine-learning model combinations (10 survival learners × 8 feature-selection strategies). Single-cell RNA-seq from GSE220946 (15 patients) was used to profile heterogeneity and cell–cell communication. Immune infiltration (ssGSEA), drug sensitivity to 198 compounds, and siRNA knockdown in five neuroblastoma cell lines were performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ST6GAL2 and IL17RD were identified as LDCD-associated prognostic biomarkers that robustly stratified patients into risk groups with distinct survival. The optimized machine learning–derived risk model demonstrated consistent prognostic performance across training and validation cohorts, with area under the curve (AUC) values ranging from 0.715 to 0.833, exceeding a random baseline (AUC = 0.50). Importantly, this model complements established clinical systems, such as the INRG classification, by capturing LDCD-related transcriptional heterogeneity that is not explicitly represented in current clinicogenetic frameworks. Knockdown of ST6GAL2/IL17RD reduced cell viability across all tested cell lines. Single-cell analysis of 35,248 cells highlighted B cells as a prominent immune population linked to LDCD-related programs and metastatic features, and LDCD risk groups showed distinct immune infiltration, cell–cell communication, and drug sensitivity patterns.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>ST6GAL2 and IL17RD are prognostically relevant LDCD biomarkers in neuroblastoma, and the LDCD-informed model adds clinically complementary risk information while implicating B-cell–related signaling and lysosomal vulnerabilities as potential targets for refined risk-adapted therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102198"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new Log-Lévy distribution with exponent parameter: Theory, properties, and utilization in the fields of accounting and radiation industries","authors":"Wenfei Huo ,&nbsp;Zhaozhen Zhu ,&nbsp;Zahrah Fayez Althobaiti ,&nbsp;Aminu Suleiman Mohammed ,&nbsp;Hassan M. Aljohani ,&nbsp;Alaa A. Elnazer","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Establishing the proper distributional assumptions of the data sets is necessary for parametric statistical conclusions and data set modelling. Therefore, the unpredictability and intricate patterns present in radiation data, especially lifetime data, are frequently difficult for classical probability models to reflect. The modelling of environmental pollutants in environmental science, the modelling of post-operative patient survival durations in medical science, and the modelling of software failure rates in computer science are just a few of the fields of study where statistical distributions are valuable. However, there are different levels of skewness and kurtosis in the data generation process. Additionally, non-monotonic failure rates, including bathtub, unimodal, or modified unimodal failure rates, could be present in the data. Therefore, using the current classical distributions to model the data does not yield an acceptable parametric fit and is frequently an estimate rather than a reality. The Log-Lévy distribution is presented as a solution to these constraints. More versatility is provided by this new model, which may depict a range of data features, including symmetric and skewed distributions, as well as various hazard rate patterns, including decreasing, increasing, and upside-down bathtub trends. Because of these characteristics, the Log-Lévy model can be used for statistical analysis in engineering and biological applications. The Log-Lévy distribution's moments, moment-generating function, entropy measures, quantile function, and order statistics are among the important characteristics that are derived in this study. The Log-Lévy model continuously obtains the lowest values for AIC, BIC, HQIC, and CAIC for some data sets, demonstrating its ideal trade-off between model complexity and goodness of fit. Further supporting the Log-Lévy model's resilience in capturing underlying data distributions is the fact that its Log-likelihood values are higher than those of the comparable model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102168"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic integration and functional validation reveal PLAC8, CLCA4, and ADAMDEC1 as key biomarkers linking periodontitis and colorectal cancer","authors":"Ermei Peng ,&nbsp;Shaonan Hu ,&nbsp;Shuqin Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102206","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102206","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>By integrating transcriptomic datasets and performing subsequent laboratory validation, this research sought to uncover molecular markers shared by periodontitis and colorectal cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Transcriptomic sequencing was performed on periodontitis and colorectal cancer tissues versus normal controls (periodontitis: n = 12 diseased vs. n = 12 healthy controls; colorectal cancer: n = 15 tumor samples vs. n = 15 matched adjacent normal tissues), using the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform with 150-bp paired-end sequencing. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) underwent GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified disease-associated modules. Random forest modeling and Venn analysis determined overlapping biomarkers. Experimental validation used qRT-PCR, CCK-8 viability assays, and colony formation assays in relevant cell lines.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Functional analysis revealed both diseases were enriched in immune-inflammatory pathways, including cytokine signaling, TNF and NF-κB pathways. WGCNA identified distinct gene co-expression modules. Random forest analysis identified PLAC8, CLCA4, SEMA6D, CHP2, and ADAMDEC1 as top predictive features. Cross-disease analysis revealed seven shared genes. Experimental assays demonstrated a significant increase in PLAC8 and ADAMDEC1 expression, along with a marked reduction in CLCA4 under disease conditions (P &lt; 0.001). Functional studies demonstrated that modulating these genes had a significant impact on cell viability and colony formation (P &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study identifies shared immune-inflammatory mechanisms between periodontitis and colorectal cancer, with PLAC8, CLCA4, and ADAMDEC1 as common biomarkers, providing insights into disease linkage and potential therapeutic targets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102206"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing tote transfer cycle time in a gamma irradiator via pneumatic system redesign: A case study of IGMP Indonesia","authors":"Ari Satmoko,&nbsp;Roziq Himawan,&nbsp;Djarot Sulistio Wisnubroto,&nbsp;Mohammad Dhandhang Purwadi,&nbsp;Ferly Hermana,&nbsp;Budi Santoso,&nbsp;Agus Cahyono,&nbsp;Jos Budi Sulistyo,&nbsp;Hasriyasti Saptowati,&nbsp;Puji Santosa,&nbsp;Totti Tjiptosumirat,&nbsp;Dede Sutarya,&nbsp;Sunarto Sunarto,&nbsp;Agus Sumaryanto,&nbsp;Bang Rozali,&nbsp;Kristedjo Kurnianto,&nbsp;Jaja Sukmana","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A low-cost mechanical–control retrofit for the Merah Putih Gamma Irradiator (IGMP) is presented, aimed at shortening tote-transfer cycle time and improving simulated dose uniformity without altering the source or shielding. The intervention simplifies the pneumatic sequence from nine to six stages and slightly reassigns two tote positions to preserve path symmetry relative to the ⁶⁰Co racks. Based on operational logs and prototype testing, the average cycle time decreased from ∼65.3 s to ∼43.2 s per cycle (≈33.7 %), reducing the minimum batch duration from ∼78 to ∼50 min and widening the operating window for low-dose services (e.g., phytosanitary treatment, sprout inhibition). To evaluate potential dose effects, a comparative MicroShield v7 calculation was performed across all 72 irradiation positions on two quasi-2D planes. The simulated range narrowed primarily by lifting the minimum from 91.98 mSv to 130.86 mSv, while the peak remained at 1050.34 mSv. Consequently, the Dose Uniformity Ratio (DUR) improved from 11.4 to 8.0, indicating better homogeneity. Position-level analysis shows tote #37 increasing from 91.98 mSv to 131.04 mSv after reassignment, whereas tote #55 remains essentially unchanged (∼145.69 mSv). Assuming total simulated dose is represented by sampled points, the 72-cycle total rises from 32,896.96 mSv to 32,935.02 mSv (≈+0.12 %). Limitations: the six-stage sequence has not yet been deployed in production; results are based on full-scale prototype testing and simulations using a free-field approximation (no bunker scatter). Therefore, validation by field dose mapping under production conditions is required. Overall, the retrofit offers a transferable sequencing framework for tote-based irradiators in resource-constrained settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102180"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Botulinum toxin type A alleviates chronic post-thoracotomy pain by inhibiting the HMGB1-mediated TLR4/NF-KB signaling pathway in rats","authors":"Fuwang Wei ,&nbsp;Bingyang Lv ,&nbsp;Dan Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaoming Zou","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102199","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102199","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The purpose of this study was to establish a chronic pain model after thoracotomy in rats and investigate the effects of BTX-A on spinal inflammation and the chronic hyperalgesia of rats.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>SD rats were used to established animal model of chronic post-thoracotomy pain (CPTP) by Buvanendran method, and a control group and sham group were established. On the third day postoperatively, the rats were given subcutaneous injection of BTX-A. Pain behavior tests of rats, including Mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) and cold hyperalgesia threshold, were performed before operation and postoperatively. Finally, the rats were killed to collect spinal cord tissue samples for pathological examination or protein expression detection.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After the operation, all model rats showed a decrease in MWT values and an increase in the number of positive reactions to cold acetone stimulation, the model was successfully established. In contrast to the model group, the MWT in the M + BTX-A group was significantly higher, and the number of positive reactions of cold acetone stimulation was also significantly decreased. HE staining results showed that the nucleus of spinal cord tissue was abnormally enlarged and inflammatory cells were increased in the model group. The cell morphology of M + BTX-A group was close to normal. In addition, BTX-A significantly decreased the levels of OX-42, HMGB1, TLR4, IL-10, TNF-α, p-P65 and p-IKB-α in tissues.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>BTX-A was able to effectively relieve chronic post-thoracotomy pain and decrease spinal inflammation in CPTP model rats by suppressing microglial activation in spinal cord by inhibiting HMGB1-mediated TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102199"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two and a half decades of radioactivity studies in Tanzania: A systematic review of progress and perspectives (2000–2025)","authors":"Amos Vincent Ntarisa ,&nbsp;Fanuel Josephat Ligate","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Radioactivity studies provide critical data for assessing natural radiation exposure to humans and the environment. In Tanzania, numerous investigations have been conducted to quantify natural radionuclides in building materials, soils, rocks, food and water in order to establish baseline levels and ensure radiological safety. This study presents a systematic review of 33 research articles on environmental radioactivity in Tanzania and their associated environmental implications. Relevant studies published in English between 2000 and September 2025 were identified through targeted searches of major databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, PubMed and ResearchGate. The results indicate that activity concentrations of natural radionuclides vary widely among different environmental matrices, reflecting the combined influence of geological formations and human activities. Overall, the reviewed data suggest that natural radioactivity levels in Tanzania are generally comparable to global averages; however, several studies report clearly elevated activity concentrations and radiological hazard indices in specific regions and samples, particularly in rocks and soils from mining areas, indicating the presence of localized high-radiological-risk zones rather than uniform national comparability. Methodologically, all reviewed studies employed high-purity germanium (HPGe) detectors for gamma spectrometric analysis, ensuring high accuracy and reliability for gamma-emitting radionuclides; however, this approach limits the detection of alpha-emitting radionuclides such as ²¹⁰Po and ²¹⁰Pb. The lack of complementary techniques, including alpha spectrometry and liquid scintillation counting, therefore constrains a comprehensive assessment of radiological risk, highlighting the need for future studies incorporating advanced analytical methods and broader geographic coverage to achieve a more complete understanding of environmental radioactivity in Tanzania.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102203"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the combined effect of antidepressant therapy and psychological nursing on neurofunctional recovery in patients with major depressive disorder by MRI-based deep learning","authors":"Zuoyang Zhang ,&nbsp;Chengcheng Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to apply deep learning technology for classifying brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and evaluate the impact of psychological nursing interventions (including cognitive-behavioral techniques, supportive counseling, and mindfulness-based stress reduction) on treatment efficacy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Eighty patients with MDD were randomly divided into the control group (routine antidepressant therapy) and the observation group (routine therapy combined with psychological nursing). Brain MRI images were collected, and a CapsNet model was used to segment and classify neural regions of interest. The CapsNet model was chosen for its capability to preserve spatial hierarchies and fine-grained features in MRI data, compared with common CNNs such as DenseNet and SimpleCNN. Classification accuracy, precision, and recall were analyzed. Neurological impairment and depression severity were assessed using the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), respectively. Nursing satisfaction was also compared.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The ResNet-based feature extraction network in the CapsNet model achieved superior performance in classifying brain MRI features associated with MDD-related neuroanatomical patterns within the patient cohort, with 92.5 % accuracy, 93.8 % precision, and 91.9 % recall, outperforming DenseNet and SimpleCNN. The model effectively segmented white and gray matter in MRI scans. The observation group exhibited significantly lower NIHSS and HAMD scores post-treatment compared to the control group (P &lt; 0.05; for HAMD, Cohen's ∗d∗ = 0.71). Nursing satisfaction was 94.6 % in the observation group versus 90.6 % in the control group, with a statistically significant difference (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Deep learning enables accurate extraction and classification of brain MRI features in MDD. Psychological nursing interventions combined with antidepressant therapy are associated with improvements in neurological recovery, reduction in MDD severity, and enhanced patient satisfaction, demonstrating significant clinical value.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102175"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}