Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences最新文献

Performance assessment of commonly used active radiation protection dosimeters for individual and area workplace monitoring 个人和区域工作场所监测常用主动辐射防护剂量计的性能评价

IF 2.5 4区综合性期刊 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102159

Jelena Vlahović , Nikola Kržanović , Miloš Živanović , Ivana Stojanović , Luka Bakrač , Argiro Boziari , Miloš Đaletić , Ana Fernandes , Liviu-Cristian Mihailescu , Erinc Reyhanoglu , Siarhei Saroka , Teemu Siiskonen , Jana Šmoldasová , Vladimir Sochor , Maria do Ceu Ferreira , Nataša Todorović

Background

Improvement in radiation protection practice may be achieved by acquisition of reliable and accurate dosimetry data. Use of dosimeters with known properties provides insight into their performance in real radiation fields encountered in radiation monitoring practice.

Aim

Performance evaluation in a wide range of radiation conditions provides insight into dosimeter behaviour, providing input for revision, update and harmonization of IEC type testing standards.

Methods

A total of 32 active dosimeters were investigated, of which 26 are used for area workplace, and 6 for individual monitoring. Dosimeter performance was evaluated against the IEC 60846–1:2009 standard for portable workplace and environmental meters and monitors and the IEC 61526:2024 standard for active personal dosimeters in a wide range of photon energies, angles of incidence and dose equivalent rates. Performance was examined beyond the minimum rated range: 33.3 keV–1.25 MeV photon energy; (0°; ±75°) angle of incidence for personal dosimeters and (0°; ±120° with 180°) for area dosimeters; 3 μSv h⁻¹ – 7 Sv h⁻¹ dose rate range. In addition, dosimeter short-term stability and overload properties were investigated.

Results

State-of-the-art and commonly used dosimeters complied with the standard defined limits of variation with respect to the manufacturer stated specifications. Some dosimeters had significantly lower variations in terms of relative response than the current standard stated requirements.

Conclusion

Potential update of the relevant IEC type testing standards was considered, with the possibility of introducing two distinct dosimeter classes, one of which would comply with reduced limits of variation.

背景：通过获得可靠和准确的剂量学数据，可以改善辐射防护工作。使用具有已知特性的剂量计可以深入了解其在辐射监测实践中遇到的实际辐射领域中的性能。AimPerformance在各种辐射条件下的评估提供了对剂量计行为的深入了解，为IEC类型测试标准的修订，更新和协调提供了输入。方法共调查32台活性剂量计，其中26台用于区域工作场所，6台用于个人监测。根据IEC 60846-1:2009便携式工作场所和环境仪表和监视器标准以及IEC 61526:2024有源个人剂量计标准，在广泛的光子能量，入射角和剂量当量率范围内对剂量计的性能进行了评估。在最小额定范围内：33.3 kv - 1.25 MeV光子能量；个人剂量计的入射角为（0°；±75°），区域剂量计的入射角为（0°；±120°和180°）；3 μSv h−1 ~ 7 μSv h−1剂量率范围。此外，还研究了剂量计的短期稳定性和过载性能。结果最先进的和常用的剂量计符合标准规定的变异限和制造商说明的规格。在相对反应方面，有些剂量计的变化比现行标准规定的要求要小得多。结论考虑了相关IEC型式测试标准的潜在更新，可能引入两种不同的剂量计类别，其中一种将符合降低的变异限值。

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引用次数: 0

Silver ion alginate dressing for infection control in type Ⅱ diabetic rats wound: an in vitro and in vivo study 银离子海藻酸盐敷料对Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠伤口感染控制的体外和体内研究

IF 2.5 4区综合性期刊 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102156

Yao Liang , Shiyuan Xie , Zhongwen Yu , Bin Yang , Jinbin Wei

Background

Diabetic wounds present a formidable therapeutic challenge due to their persistent nature and high complication rates. In this study, the new silver alginate dressing was evaluated to determine whether it improves wound healing in type Ⅱ diabetic rats by comparison with the commercially available silver alginate dressing Biatain® in vivo and in vitro. This study demonstrates that the novel dressing may provide a viable alternative approach to the current management of diabetic wounds.

Methods

The in vitro part involved the evaluation of its water vapor transmission ability, water-uptake ability, and antibacterial ability. Then, Goto-Kakizaki diabetic rats were selected for in vivo experiments to establish the diabetic infection wound model. The healing rate of wounds and the bacterial count on wounds and wound dressings were studied. Detection of fibrinogen (FIB), procalcitonin (PCT), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) by ELISA, Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (CD31) and Alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) protein expression by histological staining and determination of silver by microwave digestion-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

Results

In comparison with the commercially available Biatain®, The silver alginate ion dressing has about twice the water absorption capacity of Biatain® (P < 0.01) and On day 14, the wound healing rate in the sample group demonstrated a significant increase of 15.6 % relative to the model group, with wounds approaching near-complete closure.

Conclusion

The newly developed silver-ion alginate dressing enhanced wound closure, reduced infection and healing time, and lowered dressing change frequency, demonstrating comparable efficacy to the commercial reference product (Biatain®) as a practical alternative for diabetic wound care.

背景：糖尿病性伤口由于其顽固性和高并发症发生率，给治疗带来了巨大的挑战。在这项研究中，通过与市售的海藻酸银敷料Biatain®进行体内和体外比较，评估新型海藻酸银敷料是否能促进Ⅱ型糖尿病大鼠的伤口愈合。这项研究表明，这种新型敷料可能为目前糖尿病伤口的治疗提供一种可行的替代方法。方法体外实验对其水蒸气透过能力、吸水能力和抗菌能力进行评价。然后选取Goto-Kakizaki糖尿病大鼠进行体内实验，建立糖尿病感染创面模型。对创面愈合率、创面及敷料细菌计数进行了研究。ELISA法检测纤维蛋白原（FIB）、降钙素原（PCT）、高敏c反应蛋白（hs-CRP），组织学染色法检测血小板内皮细胞粘附分子-1 （CD31）、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-SMA）蛋白表达，微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法检测银含量。结果与市售Biatain®相比，藻酸银离子敷料的吸水量约为Biatain®的两倍（P < 0.01），第14天，样品组创面愈合率较模型组显著提高15.6%，创面接近完全闭合。结论新开发的海藻酸银离子敷料可促进创面愈合，缩短感染和愈合时间，降低换药频率，与商业参考产品（Biatain®）的疗效相当，是糖尿病创面护理的实用替代产品。

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引用次数: 0

A predictive model for functional outcomes in patients with acute anterior circulation stroke based on DWI-ASPECTS and serum homocysteine 基于DWI-ASPECTS和血清同型半胱氨酸的急性前循环卒中患者功能结局预测模型

IF 2.5 4区综合性期刊 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102163

Meilin Wang , Jinsong Cheng

Background

Precise forecasting of functional outcomes is crucial for managing acute anterior circulation stroke (AACS). We sought to develop and validate a predictive model for functional outcomes by integrating the DWI-ASPECTS score and serum homocysteine levels.

Methods

We retrospectively examined information from consecutive AACS patients admitted between January 2022 and January 2025. The individuals were classified into favorable (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] ≤ 2) and unfavorable (mRS >2) outcomes groups depending on their 90-day mRS score. Upon admission, clinical parameters, including the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, were assessed. Diffusion-weighted imaging was performed within 24 h to calculate the DWI-ASPECTS. Blood samples taken from a vein after an overnight fast were gathered within a 24-h timeframe for laboratory testing, including serum homocysteine, glycated hemoglobin, and lipid profiles.

Results

We included 122 patients, among whom 68 cases belonged to the favorable and 54 cases belonged to the unfavorable outcome group. Unfavorable outcome patients were significantly older (P = 0.017), exhibited higher baseline NIHSS scores, lower DWI-ASPECTS scores, and demonstrated elevated serum homocysteine levels (all P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that DWI-ASPECTS score (OR = 0.270, P < 0.001) and serum homocysteine level (OR = 1.539, P < 0.001) independently predicted functional outcome. DWI-ASPECTS (AUC = 0.852) and homocysteine (AUC = 0.844) demonstrated high predictive accuracy. The final nomogram model, which combined these two variables, showed excellent discrimination with an AUC of 0.939 and was well-calibrated.

Conclusion

The developed nomogram, incorporating DWI-ASPECTS and serum homocysteine, demonstrates potential as an effective and accurate method for forecasting functional outcomes in AACS patients, offering a novel approach that integrates neuroanatomical and systemic metabolic information beyond models relying on single parameters.

背景：准确预测功能预后对于急性前循环卒中（AACS）的治疗至关重要。我们试图通过整合DWI-ASPECTS评分和血清同型半胱氨酸水平来开发和验证功能预后的预测模型。方法回顾性分析2022年1月至2025年1月住院的连续AACS患者的信息。根据患者90天mRS评分，将患者分为mRS≤2和mRS≤2两组。入院时，评估临床参数，包括美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表评分。24h内进行弥散加权成像计算DWI-ASPECTS。禁食过夜后采集静脉血样，在24小时内进行实验室检测，包括血清同型半胱氨酸、糖化血红蛋白和脂质谱。结果纳入122例患者，其中良结局组68例，不良结局组54例。不良结局患者明显年龄较大（P = 0.017）， NIHSS基线评分较高，DWI-ASPECTS评分较低，血清同型半胱氨酸水平升高（P均为0.001）。多因素分析显示，DWI-ASPECTS评分（OR = 0.270, P < 0.001）和血清同型半胱氨酸水平（OR = 1.539, P < 0.001）独立预测功能结局。DWI-ASPECTS （AUC = 0.852）和同型半胱氨酸（AUC = 0.844）具有较高的预测准确性。结合这两个变量的最终nomogram model具有很好的判别性，AUC为0.939，且校正良好。结论开发的包含DWI-ASPECTS和血清同型半胱氨酸的nomogram预测AACS患者功能结局的方法，提供了一种结合神经解剖学和全身代谢信息的新方法，超越了依赖单一参数的模型。

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引用次数: 0

The function and underlying mechanism of matrine in modulating FDX1-mediated copper-induced cell death to facilitate apoptosis in cholangiocarcinoma QBC939 cells 苦参碱在fdx1介导的铜诱导胆管癌QBC939细胞凋亡中的作用及机制

IF 2.5 4区综合性期刊 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102169

Linfang Xu, Min Gong, Jialing Li, Xing Li, Wen Liao

Background

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a highly lethal malignant tumor, currently lacks effective therapeutic options. Matrine, a compound extracted from the traditional Chinese medicinal plant Sophora flavescentis Radix, demonstrates significant anti-tumor properties and the ability to induce programmed cell death. Ferredoxin 1 (FDX1) is a crucial biomolecule involved in mediating copper-induced cell death.

Methods

To evaluate the anti-tumor efficacy of matrine in vivo, we developed a BALB/c mouse xenograft model using QBC939 cholangiocarcinoma cells (n = 6 per group). We assessed tumor progression, apoptotic markers, and FDX1 protein levels through a comprehensive panel of analytical methods, including immunohistochemistry, western blotting, TUNEL staining, flow cytometry, and ELISA.

Results

This study demonstrates that matrine effectively suppresses the growth of CCA QBC939 cells and promotes cell death in an in vivo setting in a dose-dependent manner. Matrine treatment significantly increased FDX1 expression and markers associated with cuproptosis (Lip-DLST, Lip-DLAT), decreased antioxidant enzyme activities, and enhanced apoptosis-related protein expression. The anti-tumor mechanism of matrine on CCA cells involves the induction of apoptosis, which is associated with the up-regulation of FDX1 expression.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that matrine shows therapeutic potential for CCA treatment through its modulation of FDX1-mediated cuproptosis (copper-induced cell death) and subsequent apoptosis induction, providing a rationale for further investigation.

背景胆管癌（CCA）是一种高致死率的恶性肿瘤，目前缺乏有效的治疗方案。苦参碱是一种从中药植物苦参中提取的化合物，具有显著的抗肿瘤特性和诱导程序性细胞死亡的能力。铁氧化还原蛋白1 （FDX1）是一个重要的生物分子，参与介导铜诱导的细胞死亡。方法采用QBC939胆管癌细胞（每组6个）建立BALB/c小鼠异种移植模型，观察苦参碱在体内的抗肿瘤作用。我们通过免疫组织化学、western blotting、TUNEL染色、流式细胞术和ELISA等综合分析方法评估肿瘤进展、凋亡标志物和FDX1蛋白水平。结果在体外实验中，苦参碱能有效抑制CCA QBC939细胞的生长，促进细胞死亡，且呈剂量依赖性。苦参碱处理显著增加FDX1表达和与铜细胞凋亡相关的标志物（Lip-DLST, Lip-DLAT），降低抗氧化酶活性，增强凋亡相关蛋白表达。苦参碱对CCA细胞的抗肿瘤机制涉及诱导凋亡，其机制与上调FDX1表达有关。结论苦参碱通过调节fdx1介导的铜细胞凋亡和随后的细胞凋亡诱导，具有治疗CCA的潜力，为进一步的研究提供了依据。

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引用次数: 0

Investigating photon radiation shielding capabilities of advanced polymers for sustainable composite materials 研究用于可持续复合材料的先进聚合物的光子辐射屏蔽能力

IF 2.5 4区综合性期刊 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102205

Samar El-Sayed , Mohamed H. Hassan , Khalil Abdelrazek Khalil , Mohsen A. Abou Mandour

Advanced polymers are considered promising candidates for matrix materials in composite photon radiation shielding due to their flexibility in manufacturing, recyclability, and ease of processing. Furthermore, their low density makes them particularly suitable for applications requiring effective yet lightweight shielding, such as in medicine, aerospace, and small modular reactors. The present work investigated the gamma-ray shielding performance of seven advanced polymers. The photon radiation shielding properties were estimated utilizing the Phy-X/PSD software through calculations of the linear attenuation coefficient and effective atomic number. The results indicate that thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) exhibits the highest gamma attenuation values among the studied polymers at energies above 81 keV. However, its performance is very close to polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG), with a difference of less than 0.5 %. Additionally, polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) exhibits superior attenuation efficiency at energies below 81 keV. To validate the theoretical data, the linear attenuation coefficient values for polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) were determined experimentally using a gamma-ray spectroscopy system with a LaBr₃(Ce) detector and various radioactive sources within the energy range of 31–1332.5 keV. The experimental results showed good agreement with the theoretical data obtained by the Phy-X/PSD, with differences ranging from 0.44 % to 5.19 %. These findings highlight polyethylene terephthalate glycol as a promising thermoplastic matrix for developing sustainable photon radiation shielding composites.

由于其制造的灵活性、可回收性和易于加工，先进聚合物被认为是复合光子辐射屏蔽中有前途的基体材料。此外，它们的低密度使它们特别适用于需要有效而轻便的屏蔽的应用，例如医学，航空航天和小型模块化反应堆。本文研究了7种先进聚合物的伽马射线屏蔽性能。通过计算线性衰减系数和有效原子序数，利用Phy-X/PSD软件估计了光子辐射屏蔽性能。结果表明，热塑性聚氨酯（TPU）在能量大于81 keV时表现出最高的伽马衰减值。但其性能与聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PETG）非常接近，相差不到0.5%。此外，聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PETG）在低于81 keV的能量下表现出优异的衰减效率。为了验证理论数据，利用LaBr3（Ce）探测器和能量在31-1332.5 keV范围内的各种放射源的伽玛射线能谱系统，实验测定了聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PETG）的线性衰减系数值。实验结果与物理- x /PSD得到的理论数据吻合较好，误差在0.44% ~ 5.19%之间。这些发现突出了聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯作为一种有前途的热塑性基质，用于开发可持续的光子辐射屏蔽复合材料。

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引用次数: 0

An integrated analysis reveals DEFB1, SPINK6 and tumor-suppressive Anaerococcus as prognostic determinants in oral squamous cell carcinoma 一项综合分析显示DEFB1、SPINK6和肿瘤抑制性厌氧球菌是口腔鳞状细胞癌的预后决定因素

IF 2.5 4区综合性期刊 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102117

Yiyun Pan , Kang Liu , Xiaomei Liu , Xiaoming Nie , Keqing Luo , Fuchao Liu , Dechang Xu , Keqiang Tian , Wen Zeng

Background

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a highly aggressive malignant tumor for which reliable prognostic biomarkers are currently lacking. Growing evidence suggests that the tumor-associated microbiota plays an important role in cancer progression and patient prognosis. However, the prognostic significance of intratumoral microbes in OSCC and their interactions with host genes remain poorly understood.

Methods

This study integrated microbiome and transcriptome data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and employed Cox and LASSO regression to identify survival-associated microbes (SAMs). Microbial–immune interactions were explored through clustering and immune infiltration analyses. Key prognosis-associated microbial genes (PAMGs) were further screened by combining differential gene expression analysis, protein–protein interaction (PPI) network construction, and survival analysis. Functional enrichment analysis was subsequently performed. Experimental validation was conducted using a co-culture system of WSU-HN30 cells and Anaerococcus supernatant.

Results

A total of 63 SAMs were identified, among which Anaerococcus and Peptoniphilus exhibited a significant synergistic relationship. DEFB1 (low expression) and SPINK6 (high expression) were identified as key PAMGs. ROC analysis yielded AUC values of 0.89, 0.85, and 0.82 at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively, indicating good prognostic predictive ability. Functional analyses indicated that these genes are primarily involved in the cell cycle, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), and E2F/G2M signaling pathways. In in vitro experiments, Anaerococcus was found to inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of WSU-HN30 cells, accompanied by the upregulation of DEFB1 and down-regulation of SPINK6.

Conclusion

This study uncovers novel microbe–gene interactions in OSCC and identifies DEFB1 and SPINK6 as potential prognostic biomarkers. The results suggest that Anaerococcus may exert a protective role by regulating host gene expression, providing new insights for prognostic stratification and potential therapeutic interventions in OSCC.

背景：口腔鳞状细胞癌是一种高度侵袭性的恶性肿瘤，目前缺乏可靠的预后生物标志物。越来越多的证据表明，肿瘤相关微生物群在癌症进展和患者预后中起着重要作用。然而，肿瘤内微生物在OSCC中的预后意义及其与宿主基因的相互作用仍然知之甚少。方法本研究整合了癌症基因组图谱（TCGA）的微生物组和转录组数据，采用Cox和LASSO回归鉴定存活相关微生物（sam）。通过聚类分析和免疫浸润分析探讨微生物与免疫的相互作用。结合差异基因表达分析、蛋白-蛋白相互作用（PPI）网络构建和生存分析，进一步筛选关键预后相关微生物基因（PAMGs）。随后进行功能富集分析。采用WSU-HN30细胞与厌氧球菌上清液共培养体系进行实验验证。结果共鉴定出63个sam，其中厌氧球菌和嗜胃杆菌表现出显著的协同作用关系。DEFB1（低表达）和SPINK6（高表达）被鉴定为关键PAMGs。ROC分析显示，1年、3年和5年的AUC值分别为0.89、0.85和0.82，表明预后预测能力良好。功能分析表明，这些基因主要参与细胞周期、上皮-间质转化（EMT）和E2F/G2M信号通路。在体外实验中，发现厌氧球菌抑制WSU-HN30细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭，同时伴有DEFB1上调和SPINK6下调。结论本研究揭示了OSCC中新的微生物-基因相互作用，并确定了DEFB1和SPINK6是潜在的预后生物标志物。结果提示，厌氧球菌可能通过调节宿主基因表达发挥保护作用，为OSCC的预后分层和潜在的治疗干预提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

TID effect study and hardened method of cascode GaN HEMT 级联GaN HEMT的TID效应研究及硬化方法

IF 2.5 4区综合性期刊 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102136

Yanfei Zhang , Xueqin Gong , Yan Wang , Rui Zhao , JinLong Wang , Xiaowu Cai , Mengxin Liu

Conventional cascode GaN HEMTs, which combine a trench gate Si MOSFET with a D-HEMT, are vulnerable to total ionizing dose (TID) radiation, exhibiting severe threshold voltage (V_GS(th)) degradation and functional failure at relatively low dose levels (≤30 krad(Si)). In this paper, a TID-hardened cascode GaN HEMT is proposed by integrating a radiation-hardened Si MOSFET with a commercial D-HEMT. By replacing the non-radiation-hardened trench gate MOSFET with a radiation-hardened planar Si MOSFET, the TID tolerance is improved to over 200 krad(Si), with the V_GS(th) drift controlled within 0.4 V after irradiation and annealing. The oxides in both the cell region and junction termination region of the planar Si MOSFET are specially radiation-hardened by optimizing the device process and structure. Concerning the phenomenon of on resistance (R_DS(on)) increase after irradiation and annealing, the degradation mechanism is investigated through TCAD simulations and analytical models. The reason lies in that during irradiation forming interface states at the AlGaN/GaN interface. The annealing process accelerates the growth of interface states at the Si₃N₄/AlGaN interface. The generation of interface states at these two positions reduces the 2DEG density and mobility in the 2DEG channel, leading to an increase in R_DS(on). Through this study, the relatively mature low-voltage radiation-hardened technology can be applied in the high-voltage field.

传统的级联GaN hemt结合了沟槽栅Si MOSFET和D-HEMT，容易受到总电离剂量（TID）辐射的影响，在相对较低的剂量水平（≤30 krad(Si)）下表现出严重的阈值电压（VGS(th)）退化和功能失效。在本文中，通过集成辐射硬化的Si MOSFET和商用D-HEMT，提出了一种tid硬化的级联GaN HEMT。用平面Si MOSFET代替非辐射硬化沟槽栅极MOSFET，使TID公差提高到200 krad（Si）以上，辐照退火后的VGS（th）漂移控制在0.4 V以内。通过优化器件工艺和结构，对平面硅MOSFET的晶胞区和结端区氧化物进行了特殊的辐射硬化处理。针对辐照退火后电阻（RDS）升高的现象，通过TCAD仿真和解析模型研究了其降解机理。原因是在辐照过程中，在AlGaN/GaN界面处形成界面态。退火过程加速了Si3N4/AlGaN界面态的生长。在这两个位置产生的界面态降低了2DEG通道中的2DEG密度和迁移率，导致RDS（on）增加。通过本研究，可以将较为成熟的低压抗辐射技术应用于高压领域。

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引用次数: 0

Coptisine suppresses pulmonary nodule carcinogenesis by inducing mitochondrial apoptosis in cancer-associated fibroblasts via inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway 黄柏碱通过抑制PI3K/AKT/mTOR通路诱导癌症相关成纤维细胞线粒体凋亡，从而抑制肺结节癌的发生

IF 2.5 4区综合性期刊 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102114

Jin-Liang Hu , Kun Lv , Jie-Zhong Hu , Zheng Tang , Pia Vanessa C. Basilio

Coptisine, a bioactive compound derived from Coptis chinensis, exerts anticancer effects by inducing mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in primary pulmonary fibroblasts (PFCs) and inhibiting tumor-supportive cytokines. This study investigated the role of Coptisine in the malignant transformation of pulmonary nodules and its underlying mechanisms. Using an orthotopic lung cancer model and an ex vivo co-culture system, we found that Coptisine significantly inhibited tumor growth and improved pulmonary function. Experimental results demonstrated that Coptisine treatment reduced the expression of the tumor cell proliferation marker Ki67, while decreasing the levels of cancer-associated fibroblast markers α-SMA and FAP. At the molecular level, Coptisine modulated the balance of apoptosis-related proteins, characterized by the downregulation of the anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2 and the upregulation of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax. Furthermore, this compound significantly reduced the secretion of multiple pro-tumorigenic factors, including TGF-β, VEGF, and IL-6.These findings demonstrate that berberine exerts anti-tumor effects by targeting the tumor microenvironment, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic agent for early-stage lung cancer. By inducing mitochondrial apoptosis in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), it disrupts the tumor-supporting microenvironment, thereby providing a novel therapeutic strategy for pulmonary nodules.

黄连碱是一种从黄连中提取的生物活性化合物，通过诱导线粒体介导的肺成纤维细胞（pfc）凋亡和抑制肿瘤支持细胞因子发挥抗癌作用。本研究探讨黄连碱在肺结节恶性转化中的作用及其潜在机制。通过原位肺癌模型和体外共培养系统，我们发现黄连碱显著抑制肿瘤生长并改善肺功能。实验结果表明，黄柏碱处理降低了肿瘤细胞增殖标志物Ki67的表达，同时降低了癌症相关成纤维细胞标志物α-SMA和FAP的水平。在分子水平上，黄芪碱调节凋亡相关蛋白的平衡，表现为下调抗凋亡蛋白BCL-2和上调促凋亡蛋白Bax。此外，该化合物显著降低多种促肿瘤因子的分泌，包括TGF-β、VEGF和IL-6。这些发现表明，小檗碱通过靶向肿瘤微环境发挥抗肿瘤作用，突出了其作为早期肺癌治疗剂的潜力。通过诱导癌症相关成纤维细胞（CAFs）的线粒体凋亡，它破坏了支持肿瘤的微环境，从而为肺结节提供了一种新的治疗策略。

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引用次数: 0

Magnetic resonance image features of children ependymoma and correlation between programmed cell death ligand 1 expression and pathological features in tumor tissues 儿童室管膜瘤的磁共振影像特征及肿瘤组织中程序性细胞死亡配体1表达与病理特征的关系

IF 2.5 4区综合性期刊 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102195

Ling Li , Mingjun Zheng , Weixia Meng

Background and objective

The incidence of ependymoma is higher in children than in adults, and it is a major cause of poor prognosis in pediatric patients. This study aimed to analyze the multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of pediatric ependymoma and the correlation between programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in tumor tissues and clinicopathological features.

Methods

Fifty pediatric patients with pathologically confirmed ependymoma were enrolled. MRI, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (¹H-MRS) features were evaluated according to WHO grading. PD-L1 positivity was detected in both lesional and adjacent normal tissues, and its relationship with clinicopathological characteristics and survival rate was analyzed.

Results

apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)min, rADC, and NAA/Cr ratios were significantly lower in WHO grade III patients than in grades I, II, and II–III, while Cho/Cr was significantly higher (P < 0.05). The PD-L1 positivity rate was significantly higher in tumor tissues (52 %) than in adjacent normal tissues (18 %) (P < 0.05). PD-L1 expression was significantly elevated in patients with tumor diameter ≥2 cm, partial resection, moderate-to-poor differentiation, and WHO grade III (P < 0.05). At the 10-month follow-up, the survival rate of PD-L1-positive patients (57.7 %) was significantly lower than that of PD-L1-negative patients (83.3 %) (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

DWI can differentiate between ependymoma grades and improve preoperative diagnostic efficiency. Elevated PD-L1 expression in tumor tissue is associated with aggressive features and may serve as a marker for assessing short-term prognosis in pediatric ependymoma. MRI-DWI and ¹H-MRS parameters (ADCmin, rADC, NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr) reflect tumor grade and malignancy, while PD-L1 expression correlates with invasiveness and outcome. Their combination provides a more comprehensive basis for disease evaluation and prognostic assessment in pediatric ependymoma.

背景与目的室管膜瘤在儿童中的发病率高于成人，是儿童患者预后不良的主要原因。本研究旨在分析小儿室管膜瘤的多模态磁共振成像（MRI）特征及肿瘤组织中程序性死亡配体1 （programmed death-ligand 1, PD-L1）表达与临床病理特征的相关性。方法选取50例经病理证实的室管膜瘤患儿。MRI，弥散加权成像（DWI）和质子磁共振波谱（1H-MRS）特征根据WHO分级进行评估。PD-L1阳性在病变及邻近正常组织中均检测到，并分析其与临床病理特征及生存率的关系。结果WHO三级患者表观弥散系数（ADC）min、rADC、NAA/Cr比值显著低于ⅰ、ⅱ、ⅱ-ⅲ级患者，Cho/Cr比值显著高于ⅰ、ⅱ、ⅲ级患者（P < 0.05）。肿瘤组织中PD-L1阳性率（52%）明显高于邻近正常组织（18%）（P < 0.05）。PD-L1表达在肿瘤直径≥2 cm、部分切除、中低分化、WHO分级III级患者中显著升高（P < 0.05）。随访10个月时，pd - l1阳性患者的生存率（57.7%）显著低于pd - l1阴性患者的生存率（83.3%）（P < 0.05）。结论dwi可鉴别室管膜瘤分级，提高术前诊断效率。肿瘤组织中PD-L1表达升高与侵袭性特征相关，可作为评估儿童室管膜瘤短期预后的标志。MRI-DWI和1H-MRS参数（ADCmin、rADC、NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr）反映肿瘤分级和恶性程度，而PD-L1表达与侵袭性和预后相关。它们的结合为儿科室管膜瘤的疾病评估和预后评估提供了更全面的依据。

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引用次数: 0

A survey on recent Progress on Monte Carlo simulation methods in radiation detection 蒙特卡罗模拟方法在辐射探测中的最新进展综述

IF 2.5 4区综合性期刊 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102146

Nadyah Alanazi , Raghad Aljeraiwi , Maram Almutairi , Abdullah N. Alodhayb

Monte Carlo Simulations are methods used to simulate physical systems and evaluate physical properties that are extremely difficult to execute in real life. It is used as a golden standard tool for modeling complex radiation interactions with materials and for modeling complex detectors geometries. Such simulation methods designed for different particles transports such as protons, neutrons, and gamma-rays. In this review, we will focus on recent literature on using Monte Carlo Simulation in detecting radiations, focusing on GEANT, MCNP, and EGS toolkits highlighting their unique capabilities in simulating various particles and geometries with high accuracy, as well as recent advancements in enhancing their performance including high-performance computing integration, variance reduction techniques, and hybrid modeling approaches that combine Monte Carlo simulations with deterministic or AI-based techniques. The review outlines recent Monte Carlo simulation applications such as medical physics, particle physics, and environmental monitoring, underlining the adaptability and future potentials of Monte Carlo simulation in advanced radiation detection systems.

蒙特卡罗模拟是用来模拟物理系统和评估物理特性的方法，在现实生活中很难执行。它被用作模拟与材料的复杂辐射相互作用和模拟复杂探测器几何形状的黄金标准工具。这种模拟方法是为不同的粒子传输设计的，如质子、中子和伽马射线。在这篇综述中，我们将重点介绍最近关于使用蒙特卡罗模拟检测辐射的文献，重点介绍GEANT， MCNP和EGS工具包，重点介绍它们在高精度模拟各种粒子和几何形状方面的独特能力，以及在增强其性能方面的最新进展，包括高性能计算集成，方差减少技术，以及将蒙特卡罗模拟与确定性或基于人工智能的技术相结合的混合建模方法。本文概述了蒙特卡罗模拟在医学物理、粒子物理和环境监测等方面的最新应用，强调了蒙特卡罗模拟在先进辐射探测系统中的适应性和未来潜力。

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引用次数: 0