Black soldier fly larvae mediate Zinc and Chromium transformation through the ZnuCBA and citric acid cycle system

IF 11.4 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Water Research Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI:10.1016/j.watres.2025.123483

Bo Deng , Zihe Ren , Qiang Li , Zhijian Zhang , Chao Xu , Panpan Wang , Heping Zhao , Qiaoxia Yuan

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Abstract

Intestinal microbiota and metal regulatory proteins (MRPs) underlie the transformation of heavy metals (HMs) by the black soldier fly larvae (BSFL), but the mechanisms involved are still not fully defined. Here, using 16S rRNA and metagenomics-assisted tracing, we found that zinc (Zn) and chromium (Cr) stress led to enrichment of Proteobacteria in the BSFL intestine. Support of Proteobacteria also led to increased levels of the Zn transporter proteins ZnuC/B/A and the Zn efflux proteins zntR/A. Meanwhile, the genes MltE, CitT, and SLT, which mediate the citric acid cycle, were also significantly up-regulated and involved in the cellular uptake of Cr. Although Zn and Cr stress affected the expression of antibiotic resistance genes and pathogenic genes, the BSFL intestine tended to form stable microbial communities (MCs) to transform HMs through a mechanism driven by ZupT and chrA. In addition, the expression of SCARB1 and LdcA was significantly down-regulated by acute HMs stimulation, but BSFL were still able to complete the life cycle. Therefore, we determined the protective role of MCs and MRPs on BSFL during the transformation of HMs.

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来源期刊

Water Research 环境科学-工程：环境

CiteScore

20.80

自引率

9.40%

发文量

1307

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： Water Research, along with its open access companion journal Water Research X, serves as a platform for publishing original research papers covering various aspects of the science and technology related to the anthropogenic water cycle, water quality, and its management worldwide. The audience targeted by the journal comprises biologists, chemical engineers, chemists, civil engineers, environmental engineers, limnologists, and microbiologists. The scope of the journal include: •Treatment processes for water and wastewaters (municipal, agricultural, industrial, and on-site treatment), including resource recovery and residuals management; •Urban hydrology including sewer systems, stormwater management, and green infrastructure; •Drinking water treatment and distribution; •Potable and non-potable water reuse; •Sanitation, public health, and risk assessment; •Anaerobic digestion, solid and hazardous waste management, including source characterization and the effects and control of leachates and gaseous emissions; •Contaminants (chemical, microbial, anthropogenic particles such as nanoparticles or microplastics) and related water quality sensing, monitoring, fate, and assessment; •Anthropogenic impacts on inland, tidal, coastal and urban waters, focusing on surface and ground waters, and point and non-point sources of pollution; •Environmental restoration, linked to surface water, groundwater and groundwater remediation; •Analysis of the interfaces between sediments and water, and between water and atmosphere, focusing specifically on anthropogenic impacts; •Mathematical modelling, systems analysis, machine learning, and beneficial use of big data related to the anthropogenic water cycle; •Socio-economic, policy, and regulations studies.