The wet repair of sidewall damage in flexible inverted metamorphic five-junction solar cells

IF 6 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENERGY & FUELS Solar Energy Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI:10.1016/j.solener.2025.113423
Qing Gong , Junhua Long , Qiangjian Sun , Zhitao Chen , Xiaoxu Wu , Menglu Yu , Wencong Yan , Erpeng Li , Min Zhou , Shulong Lu
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Abstract

The more III-V sub-cells are stacked in series, the higher the theoretical efficiency. However, the significant mismatch stress and the increased thickness of the epitaxial layers in the directly grown five-junction solar cells adversely affect the device fabrication. The lateral etching damage on the cell sidewalls is exacerbated during the chip isolation process. This work uses a mixed solution of citric acid and hydrogen peroxide to perfectly clean and repair the damage to the side walls of five-junction solar cells. The leakage current density is reduced from 2.51 mA/cm2 to 1.45 mA/cm2, which increases the shunt resistance from 0.70 kΩ·cm2 to 10.37 kΩ·cm2, and restores the fill factor (FF) of the cell from 65.08 % to 85.01 %. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) and auger electron spectroscopy (AES) measurements have demonstrated that the wet repair process can effectively remove contaminants from the sidewalls and therefore reduce additional current losses. Ultimately, the conversion efficiency (Eff) of the flexible five-junction (5 J) solar cell is 36.24 % (The size is 8.03 cm2) with the open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 4.77 V under AM 1.5G spectrum. The wet repair of sidewall damage is expected to produce high-efficiency, large-size, flexible cells with five or even more junctions.

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串联堆叠的 III-V 子电池越多,理论效率就越高。然而,在直接生长的五结太阳能电池中,巨大的错配应力和增加的外延层厚度对器件制造产生了不利影响。在芯片隔离过程中,电池侧壁的横向蚀刻损伤会加剧。这项工作使用柠檬酸和过氧化氢的混合溶液来完美清洁和修复五结太阳能电池侧壁的损伤。漏电流密度从 2.51 mA/cm2 降低到 1.45 mA/cm2,分流电阻从 0.70 kΩ-cm2 增加到 10.37 kΩ-cm2,电池的填充因子 (FF) 从 65.08 % 恢复到 85.01 %。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和螺旋电子能谱(AES)测量结果表明,湿法修复工艺能有效清除侧壁上的污染物,从而减少额外的电流损耗。最终,柔性五结(5 J)太阳能电池的转换效率(Eff)为 36.24 %(尺寸为 8.03 cm2),在 AM 1.5G 光谱下的开路电压(Voc)为 4.77 V。对侧壁损伤的湿法修复有望生产出具有五个甚至更多结点的高效率、大尺寸柔性电池。
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来源期刊
Solar Energy
Solar Energy 工程技术-能源与燃料
CiteScore
13.90
自引率
9.00%
发文量
0
审稿时长
47 days
期刊介绍: Solar Energy welcomes manuscripts presenting information not previously published in journals on any aspect of solar energy research, development, application, measurement or policy. The term "solar energy" in this context includes the indirect uses such as wind energy and biomass
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