Study on internal rise law of fracture water pressure and progressive fracture mechanism of rock mass under blasting impact

Abstract

Groundwater and its storage structures are widespread, leading to frequent water inrush disasters during tunnel construction, which severely compromise safety and efficiency. Blasting disturbances cause rock fissures to expand and connect, leading to instability and failure. However, the mechanisms behind tunnel water inrush caused by blasting, especially the dynamic changes in water pressure within fissures, remain insufficiently understood. This study addresses water inrush caused by fractured rock mass failure under dynamic disturbance, focusing on deep, high-pressure tunnels with complex geological conditions. It systematically explores how blasting impacts water pressure in fissures, using safe and efficient simulation methods combined with dynamic damage tests on water-bearing fractures. The research examines how blasting-induced water pressure changes affect rock stability. The findings reveal that the increase in water pressure caused by blasting provides a theoretical basis for understanding water inrush mechanisms and disaster criteria. Additionally, this study overcomes the limitations of traditional explosive tests by achieving safe, controlled, and efficient blasting simulations. It advances the analysis of water-bearing fractures from qualitative to quantitative characterization, offering new insights and methods for preventing water inrush disasters during tunnel construction.