Analysis of related factors in deep venous thrombosis of lower extremity when using limb blood circulation pump in patients with spinal cord injury

Abstract

Objective To investigate the independent risk factors of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) treated with limb blood circulation pump. Methods From January 2016 to December 2018, 300 patients of thoracolumbar spine fractures with SCI were collected in the department of spinal surgery of Shaoxing Central Hospital.The patients received blood circulation pump to prevent DVT after operation, 48 patients with DVT were classified as DVT group, and the remaining 252 patients were classified as non-DVT group.The basic information (sex, age, height, weight, etc.), body mass index (BMI), chronic disease status (diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease, etc.), smoking history, combined lower extremity fracture, SCI classification, operation time, intraoperative blood loss were collected.The differences of above indicators between the DVT group and the non-DVT group were analyzed.The factors with statistical differences were substituted into logistic regression analysis to identify independent risk factors for DVT in patients with SCI who were treated with blood circulation pump. Results The proportion of elderly patients (≥60 years old) in the DVT group was higher than that in the non-DVT group (79.17% vs.57.14%, χ2=8.196, P=0.004), and the proportion of obese patients (BMI≥25kg/m2) in the DVT group was higher than that in the non-DVT group(77.08% vs.56.35%, χ2=7.203, P=0.007), the proportion of patients with diabetes in the DVT group was higher than that in the non-DVT group (68.75% vs.10.71%, χ2=84.877, P=0.000), the proportion of smokers in the DVT group was higher than that in the non-DVT group(81.25% vs.49.21%, χ2=16.685, P=0.000), the proportion of patients with lower extremity fractures in the DVT group was higher than that in the non-DVT group (41.67% vs.7.14%, χ2=43.443, P=0.000), and the proportion of patients with complete injury in the DVT group was higher than that in the non-DVT group (45.83% vs.15.08%, χ2=23.834, P=0.000). Logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes, smoking history and lower extremity fractures were independent risk factors for DVT in SCI patients with limb blood circulation pump (Or=1.138, 1.356, 1.548, P=0.003, 0.007, 0.014). Conclusion The independent risk factors for DVT in SCI patients when using blood circulation pump may include diabetes, smoking history and lower extremity fractures. Key words: Spinal cord injury; Thoracolumbar spine fracture; Limb blood circulation pump; Lower extremity deep vein thrombosis; Diabetes mellitus; Smoking history; Lower limb fracture; Independent risk factor