Preparation of nanoporous SiO2/C derived from rice husk as anode material in SiO2/C||LiFePO4 full-cell through alkaline activation treatment

IF 1.7 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI:10.1088/2043-6262/ace8fc
Thanh Liem Pham, H. Le, M. Le, T. P. Vu, V. Tran
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Abstract

Silicon-based materials such as pure silicon (Si), silicon monoxide (SiO), silica (SiO2), are considered promising anode for future high power energy Li-ion batteries. Among them, SiO2 has garnered attention owing to its outstanding features such as high theoretical capacity (1961 mAh g−1), abundant reserve, and low-cost processing. However, the large expansion and shrinkage of the Si and SiO2 volume during lithiation/delithiation reaction are still the main barriers for practical application. In this study, SiO2 derived from rice husks and activated by KOH displayed a nanoporous structure with a porous matrix carbon that can absorb the volume expansion during lithiation process and facilitate the diffusion of Li+ ion along the pores to minimise the dendrite growth at the local area. Through activation treatment, the surface area of SiO2 increases up to 278.875 m2 g−1 with a pore volume of 0.191 cm3 g−1 and the average pore diameter is about 0.771 nm. The cycling results showed that rice husk ash mixed with KOH at a ratio of 1:0.5 offered the best capacity retention of SiO2/C anode material in half-cell. In full-cell configuration of SiO2/C||LiFePO4, the the negative electrode/positive electrode capacity ratio (N/P) ratio of 1.2 exhibited the most stable performance with the highest capacity retention.
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碱性活化法制备SiO2/C||LiFePO4全电池稻壳制备纳米多孔SiO2/C阳极材料
硅基材料,如纯硅(Si)、一氧化硅(SiO)、二氧化硅(SiO2),被认为是未来高功率能量锂离子电池的有前途的阳极。其中,SiO2因其理论容量高(1961 mAh g−1)、储量丰富、加工成本低等突出特点而备受关注。然而,在锂化/脱锂反应过程中,Si和SiO2体积的大膨胀和大收缩仍然是实际应用的主要障碍。在本研究中,从稻壳中提取并经KOH活化的SiO2显示出具有多孔基质碳的纳米多孔结构,该结构可以吸收锂化过程中的体积膨胀,并促进Li+离子沿孔的扩散,以最大限度地减少局部区域的枝晶生长。通过活化处理,SiO2的表面积增加到278.875 m2 g−1,孔体积为0.191 cm3 g−1。平均孔径约为0.771 nm。循环试验结果表明,稻壳灰与KOH以1:0.5的比例混合,可使SiO2/C阳极材料在半电池中保持最佳的容量。在SiO2/C||LiFePO4的全电池配置中,1.2的负电极/正电极容量比(N/P)表现出最稳定的性能和最高的容量保持率。
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Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology NANOSCIENCE & NANOTECHNOLOGYMATERIALS SCIE-MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
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