{"title":"A 66% Tuning-Range, 60-GHz Quadrature Ring Oscillator Using Current-Combining for Frequency Multiplication","authors":"Markus Stadelmayer, Tim Schumacher, H. Pretl","doi":"10.1109/lmwc.2021.3118324","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"This letter introduces a wide tuning range voltage-controlled oscillator with quadrature outputs, which uses current-combining for four times frequency multiplication from 15 to 60 GHz. The oscillator is based on an eight-stage interleaved ring oscillator (RO), where the supply currents of the oscillator stages are reused for frequency multiplication and quadrature signal generation within two transformers. For this purpose, the RO is supplied through the primary center taps of the transformers. That results in an alternating current in the transformer with a frequency of four times the RO frequency. The secondary sides of the transformers provide the frequency multiplied quadrature-phase output signals. The oscillator (area: 0.135 mm2) was fabricated in a 28-nm CMOS process. The measurement results show that it achieves a very wide tuning range of 66% and has a power demand of 15.3 mW at 60 GHz (PN: −63.5 dBc/Hz, FOM: −163.6 at 1-MHz offset).","PeriodicalId":13130,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters","volume":"32 1","pages":"141-144"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3000,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"1","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lmwc.2021.3118324","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Abstract
This letter introduces a wide tuning range voltage-controlled oscillator with quadrature outputs, which uses current-combining for four times frequency multiplication from 15 to 60 GHz. The oscillator is based on an eight-stage interleaved ring oscillator (RO), where the supply currents of the oscillator stages are reused for frequency multiplication and quadrature signal generation within two transformers. For this purpose, the RO is supplied through the primary center taps of the transformers. That results in an alternating current in the transformer with a frequency of four times the RO frequency. The secondary sides of the transformers provide the frequency multiplied quadrature-phase output signals. The oscillator (area: 0.135 mm2) was fabricated in a 28-nm CMOS process. The measurement results show that it achieves a very wide tuning range of 66% and has a power demand of 15.3 mW at 60 GHz (PN: −63.5 dBc/Hz, FOM: −163.6 at 1-MHz offset).
期刊介绍：
The IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters (MWCL) publishes four-page papers (3 pages of text + up to 1 page of references) that focus on microwave theory, techniques and applications as they relate to components, devices, circuits, biological effects, and systems involving the generation, modulation, demodulation, control, transmission, and detection of microwave signals. This includes scientific, technical, medical and industrial activities. Microwave theory and techniques relates to electromagnetic waves in the frequency range of a few MHz and a THz; other spectral regions and wave types are included within the scope of the MWCL whenever basic microwave theory and techniques can yield useful results. Generally, this occurs in the theory of wave propagation in structures with dimensions comparable to a wavelength, and in the related techniques for analysis and design.
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