Viewing Your Kapwa: Elaboration of a Social-Relational Construct through Language

Paul Danielle P. Labor, Maria Cecilia C. Gastardo-Conaco
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Enriquez (1978) presented Kapwa as a core social psychological construct that could underpin Filipino social perception and interaction. However, issues arose regarding its conceptual and operational clarity as well as lack of empirical support. This two-phased study aims to address the issues presented through a psychometric approach. The first phase aimed to uncover construct characteristics by asking participants to provide definitions and examples of kapwa and di-kapwa, which were then examined via content analysis and the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) program. Results from this phase elicited four (4) themes indicating that people viewed their social other in terms of dispositional attribution, level of interaction, connection, and inclusion. The second phase utilized this data to develop a kapwa measure which was found to have three (3) dimensions: Relations with the Social Other, Perceived Negative Characteristics, and Difference from the Self. Initial reliability and validity tests were favorable. Implications on Filipino social perception and behaviors highlight that we view our social others in terms of the aforementioned three dimensions and how differentially we might treat them depending on whether they are perceived as kapwa or di-kapwa. Furthermore, the results of the study further elaborate and nuance kapwa, which adds to theorizing in Sikolohiyang Pilipino (SP).
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观察你的卡普瓦:通过语言阐述社会关系结构
Enriquez(1978)认为Kapwa是一个核心的社会心理结构,可以支撑菲律宾人的社会感知和互动。但是,出现了关于其概念和操作清晰度以及缺乏经验支持的问题。本研究分为两个阶段,旨在通过心理测量方法解决问题。第一阶段的目的是通过要求参与者提供kapwa和di-kapwa的定义和例子来揭示结构特征,然后通过内容分析和语言调查和单词计数(LIWC)程序对其进行检查。这一阶段的结果引出了四(4)个主题,表明人们从性格归因、互动水平、联系和包容的角度看待他们的社会他人。第二阶段利用这些数据来开发一个kapwa测量,该测量被发现有三(3)个维度:与社会他者的关系,感知到的负面特征和与自我的差异。初步信度和效度测试结果良好。菲律宾人的社会感知和行为的含义强调了我们在上述三个维度上看待我们的社会他人,以及我们对待他们的差异可能取决于他们是被视为kapwa还是di-kapwa。此外,研究结果进一步细化和细化了kapwa,这增加了菲律宾语(SP)的理论化。
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25
审稿时长
12 weeks
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