{"title":"NATIONAL CULTURE AND GENDER GAPS IN ENTREPRENEURIAL ENTRY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES","authors":"Jean Cedric Oyono, H. A. Ondoa","doi":"10.1142/s1084946723500103","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzes the effects of national cultural practices on gender gaps in entrepreneurial entry in developing countries. We conducted a multilevel analysis based on Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) and Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness (GLOBE) data from 22 countries for 2013-2017. Our findings suggest that while women are less likely than men to create a new business, they are much less likely to enter opportunity-based entrepreneurship. Moreover, we find that cultural practices of gender egalitarianism have a positive moderating effect on gender gaps when it comes to entry into both total and opportunity-based entrepreneurship. By contrast, our results show that cultural practices of assertiveness and power distance increase gender gaps in entry into both total and opportunity-based entrepreneurship. Policy makers should implement policies that promote women’s access to the necessary resources and improve the visibility of successful female entrepreneurs to change the perception of entrepreneurship as a masculine activity.","PeriodicalId":46653,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3000,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1084946723500103","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"BUSINESS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
This study analyzes the effects of national cultural practices on gender gaps in entrepreneurial entry in developing countries. We conducted a multilevel analysis based on Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) and Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness (GLOBE) data from 22 countries for 2013-2017. Our findings suggest that while women are less likely than men to create a new business, they are much less likely to enter opportunity-based entrepreneurship. Moreover, we find that cultural practices of gender egalitarianism have a positive moderating effect on gender gaps when it comes to entry into both total and opportunity-based entrepreneurship. By contrast, our results show that cultural practices of assertiveness and power distance increase gender gaps in entry into both total and opportunity-based entrepreneurship. Policy makers should implement policies that promote women’s access to the necessary resources and improve the visibility of successful female entrepreneurs to change the perception of entrepreneurship as a masculine activity.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship (JDE) provides a forum for the dissemination of descriptive, empirical, and theoretical research that focuses on issues concerning microenterprise and small business development, especially under conditions of adversity. The intended audiences for JDE are scholars who study issues of developmental entrepreneurship and professionals involved in governmental and non-governmental efforts to facilitate entrepreneurship in economic and community development programs around the world. Articles will cover a broad range of topics, including: -Entrepreneurship and self-employment in developing contexts -Challenges and opportunities unique to minority and women entrepreneurs -Microenterprise funds and private-sector small business lending practices -Legislation, regulation, and tax policy that impact entrepreneurship and economic development -Processes that facilitate growth and development within emerging enterprises -Networks within and among entrepreneurial ventures -Marketing patterns and approaches in venture growth and development -International developmental entrepreneurship programs -Entrepreneurship in the informal economic sector -Education and training for aspiring entrepreneurs -Industry practices that adversely affect microenterprise development -Economic and social impacts of microenterprise activity