Quantifying social costs of coal-fired power plant generation

IF 8 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Geography and Sustainability Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI:10.1016/j.geosus.2022.12.004
Andewi Rokhmawati , Agus Sugiyono , Yulia Efni , Rendra Wasnury
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引用次数: 6

Abstract

Coal has been dominating the electricity supply in Indonesia, especially in long-term power generation from fossil energy. This dominance is due to lower production costs in coal-fired power plant generation. However, this low price is only based on monetary costs and ignores the social costs. Therefore, this study aims to quantify the social costs of coal-fired generation. Using QUERI-AirPacts modeling, the present study quantifies the social costs resulting from the Tenayan Raya coal-fired generation in Riau, Indonesia. It includes the levelized cost of electricity and health costs into the generation costs. After that, this study calculates the net present value, internal rate return, and project payback period. The study found that as much as $50.22/MWh was the levelized cost of electricity. While $15.978/MWh or $0.015978/kWh was the social cost that was not included in the generating cost. At the electricity production level of 1,380,171.69 MWh per year, there is an expected extra cost of $22,052,383.30 uncounted when externalities are included. For instance, the net present value (NPV) is lower and even negative when external costs are included (–$24,062,274.19) compared to $176,108,091.52 when externalities are not considered. The internal rate of return (IRR) is much higher when the social costs are not considered. The payback period is also shorter when the social costs are excluded than when the externalities are included. This global number indicates that the inclusion of external costs would impact NPV, IRR, and the payback period. This result implies that the government should internalize the external cost to stimulate the electricity producers to conduct cost-benefit analyses. The cost-benefit analysis mechanism would lead the producers to be more efficient.

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量化燃煤电厂发电的社会成本
煤炭一直主导着印尼的电力供应,尤其是在化石能源的长期发电方面。这种优势是由于燃煤发电厂的生产成本较低。然而,这种低价格只是基于货币成本,而忽略了社会成本。因此,本研究旨在量化燃煤发电的社会成本。利用QUERI AirPacts模型,本研究量化了印度尼西亚廖内岛Tenayan Raya燃煤发电产生的社会成本。它将平准化的电力成本和健康成本纳入发电成本。然后,本研究计算了项目的净现值、内部收益率和投资回收期。研究发现,高达50.22美元/MWh的电力成本是平准化的。15.978美元/MWh或0.015978美元/kWh是不包括在发电成本中的社会成本。在每年1380171.69兆瓦时的电力生产水平下,如果计入外部因素,预计将产生22052383.30美元的额外成本。例如,当包括外部成本时,净现值(NPV)较低,甚至为负(–24062274.19美元),而当不考虑外部性时为176108091.52美元。当不考虑社会成本时,内部收益率(IRR)要高得多。当排除社会成本时,回收期也比包括外部因素时更短。这一全球数字表明,包括外部成本将影响净现值、内部收益率和回收期。这一结果意味着政府应该将外部成本内部化,以刺激电力生产商进行成本效益分析。成本效益分析机制将提高生产商的效率。
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来源期刊
Geography and Sustainability
Geography and Sustainability Social Sciences-Geography, Planning and Development
CiteScore
16.70
自引率
3.10%
发文量
32
审稿时长
41 days
期刊介绍: Geography and Sustainability serves as a central hub for interdisciplinary research and education aimed at promoting sustainable development from an integrated geography perspective. By bridging natural and human sciences, the journal fosters broader analysis and innovative thinking on global and regional sustainability issues. Geography and Sustainability welcomes original, high-quality research articles, review articles, short communications, technical comments, perspective articles and editorials on the following themes: Geographical Processes: Interactions with and between water, soil, atmosphere and the biosphere and their spatio-temporal variations; Human-Environmental Systems: Interactions between humans and the environment, resilience of socio-ecological systems and vulnerability; Ecosystem Services and Human Wellbeing: Ecosystem structure, processes, services and their linkages with human wellbeing; Sustainable Development: Theory, practice and critical challenges in sustainable development.
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