Pub Date : 2025-03-11DOI: 10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100285
Bojie Fu , Junze Zhang , Xutong Wu , Michael E. Meadows
Based on the frequency of themes covered at the 35th International Geographical Congress (IGC) and the 2024 American Association of Geographers Annual Meeting (AAG-AM), we present an integrated analysis of current research hotspots in geography. The interdisciplinary approach of geography in tackling global challenges, including climate change, urbanization, and sustainable development is highlighted. Hotspot analysis of the 35th IGC reveals the prominence of “Tourism, Leisure, and Global Change,” and “Urban Geography” as key themes, whereas the 2024 AAG-AM placed more emphasis on “GeoAI and Deep Learning,” and “Geospatial Data Science for Sustainability.” Frontier analysis, based on emerging research beyond the two conferences, highlights major critical issues being confronted by geographers, notably Earth’s surface systems, spatial patterns of human activities, intelligent remote sensing, climate change adaptation, biodiversity conservation, hazards and disaster risk, planetary boundaries, coupled human and natural systems, and global and regional sustainability. The analysis demonstrates that geographical research is becoming more diverse and systematic, and artificial intelligence technology is increasingly being harnessed. This not only reflects specific regional interests and priorities but also shows the dynamic development of geographical research and its important role in dealing with the challenges of the 21st century.
{"title":"Geography’s hotspots and frontiers: Diverse, systematic, and intelligent trends","authors":"Bojie Fu , Junze Zhang , Xutong Wu , Michael E. Meadows","doi":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100285","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100285","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Based on the frequency of themes covered at the 35th International Geographical Congress (IGC) and the 2024 American Association of Geographers Annual Meeting (AAG-AM), we present an integrated analysis of current research hotspots in geography. The interdisciplinary approach of geography in tackling global challenges, including climate change, urbanization, and sustainable development is highlighted. Hotspot analysis of the 35th IGC reveals the prominence of “Tourism, Leisure, and Global Change,” and “Urban Geography” as key themes, whereas the 2024 AAG-AM placed more emphasis on “GeoAI and Deep Learning,” and “Geospatial Data Science for Sustainability.” Frontier analysis, based on emerging research beyond the two conferences, highlights major critical issues being confronted by geographers, notably Earth’s surface systems, spatial patterns of human activities, intelligent remote sensing, climate change adaptation, biodiversity conservation, hazards and disaster risk, planetary boundaries, coupled human and natural systems, and global and regional sustainability. The analysis demonstrates that geographical research is becoming more diverse and systematic, and artificial intelligence technology is increasingly being harnessed. This not only reflects specific regional interests and priorities but also shows the dynamic development of geographical research and its important role in dealing with the challenges of the 21st century.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52374,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Sustainability","volume":"6 2","pages":"Article 100285"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143636781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-19DOI: 10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100280
Stephanie Barr , Christopher J. Lemieux , Jen Hoesen , Brooklyn Rushton , Pamela Wright
Climate change is increasingly affecting all aspects of protected areas management from changes of species ranges to visitor experiences. Due to these impacts, there is a need for managers to take more robust approaches to considering the implications of climate change on the overall application and efficacy of protected areas management direction, including the achievement of the goals and objectives contained within management plans. Through a systematic and comprehensive content analysis approach, this study assesses the current extent to which climate change is considered in Canadian protected area management plans. Specifically, we evaluated 63 terrestrial protected area management plans against a set of climate robustness principles. Our content analysis revealed that climate change is currently not effectively factored into Canadian protected area management plans with an average climate robustness score of 18 %. Climate robustness score was not found to be correlated with protected area size, International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) management classification, or jurisdictional authority. Certain climate robustness principles received higher scores across the management plans than others. For example, the principles of ‘diverse knowledge sources’ and ‘addresses climate change’ scored relatively highly whereas ‘climate change vulnerability’ and ‘ecosystem integrity’ received the lowest scores. The lack of integration of ecological integrity considerations in management plans was a particularly noteworthy deficiency considering that this guiding principle is the primary legislative objective of many national and sub-national protected areas in Canada. From this assessment, climate change needs to be more effectively and consistently integrated into protected area management plan development and coordinated across associated planning processes. We discuss the ways in which this can be achieved, for example, by integrating scenario planning into organizational management plan development processes.
{"title":"Evaluating the climate change robustness of Canadian protected area management plans","authors":"Stephanie Barr , Christopher J. Lemieux , Jen Hoesen , Brooklyn Rushton , Pamela Wright","doi":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change is increasingly affecting all aspects of protected areas management from changes of species ranges to visitor experiences. Due to these impacts, there is a need for managers to take more robust approaches to considering the implications of climate change on the overall application and efficacy of protected areas management direction, including the achievement of the goals and objectives contained within management plans. Through a systematic and comprehensive content analysis approach, this study assesses the current extent to which climate change is considered in Canadian protected area management plans. Specifically, we evaluated 63 terrestrial protected area management plans against a set of climate robustness principles. Our content analysis revealed that climate change is currently not effectively factored into Canadian protected area management plans with an average climate robustness score of 18 %. Climate robustness score was not found to be correlated with protected area size, International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) management classification, or jurisdictional authority. Certain climate robustness principles received higher scores across the management plans than others. For example, the principles of ‘diverse knowledge sources’ and ‘addresses climate change’ scored relatively highly whereas ‘climate change vulnerability’ and ‘ecosystem integrity’ received the lowest scores. The lack of integration of ecological integrity considerations in management plans was a particularly noteworthy deficiency considering that this guiding principle is the primary legislative objective of many national and sub-national protected areas in Canada. From this assessment, climate change needs to be more effectively and consistently integrated into protected area management plan development and coordinated across associated planning processes. We discuss the ways in which this can be achieved, for example, by integrating scenario planning into organizational management plan development processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52374,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Sustainability","volume":"6 3","pages":"Article 100280"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-08DOI: 10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100276
Anasua Chakraborty , Mitali Yeshwant Joshi , Ahmed Mustafa , Mario Cools , Jacques Teller
The impact of different global and local variables in urban development processes requires a systematic study to fully comprehend the underlying complexities in them. The interplay between such variables is crucial for modelling urban growth to closely reflects reality. Despite extensive research, ambiguity remains about how variations in these input variables influence urban densification. In this study, we conduct a global sensitivity analysis (SA) using a multinomial logistic regression (MNL) model to assess the model’s explanatory and predictive power. We examine the influence of global variables, including spatial resolution, neighborhood size, and density classes, under different input combinations at a provincial scale to understand their impact on densification. Additionally, we perform a stepwise regression to identify the significant explanatory variables that are important for understanding densification in the Brussels Metropolitan Area (BMA). Our results indicate that a finer spatial resolution of 50 m and 100 m, smaller neighborhood size of 5 × 5 and 3 × 3, and specific density classes—namely 3 (non-built-up, low and high built-up) and 4 (non-built-up, low, medium and high built-up)—optimally explain and predict urban densification. In line with the same, the stepwise regression reveals that models with a coarser resolution of 300 m lack significant variables, reflecting a lower explanatory power for densification. This approach aids in identifying optimal and significant global variables with higher explanatory power for understanding and predicting urban densification. Furthermore, these findings are reproducible in a global urban context, offering valuable insights for planners, modelers and geographers in managing future urban growth and minimizing modelling.
{"title":"Model’s parameter sensitivity assessment and their impact on Urban Densification using regression analysis","authors":"Anasua Chakraborty , Mitali Yeshwant Joshi , Ahmed Mustafa , Mario Cools , Jacques Teller","doi":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The impact of different global and local variables in urban development processes requires a systematic study to fully comprehend the underlying complexities in them. The interplay between such variables is crucial for modelling urban growth to closely reflects reality. Despite extensive research, ambiguity remains about how variations in these input variables influence urban densification. In this study, we conduct a global sensitivity analysis (SA) using a multinomial logistic regression (MNL) model to assess the model’s explanatory and predictive power. We examine the influence of global variables, including spatial resolution, neighborhood size, and density classes, under different input combinations at a provincial scale to understand their impact on densification. Additionally, we perform a stepwise regression to identify the significant explanatory variables that are important for understanding densification in the Brussels Metropolitan Area (BMA). Our results indicate that a finer spatial resolution of 50 m and 100 m, smaller neighborhood size of 5 × 5 and 3 × 3, and specific density classes—namely 3 (non-built-up, low and high built-up) and 4 (non-built-up, low, medium and high built-up)—optimally explain and predict urban densification. In line with the same, the stepwise regression reveals that models with a coarser resolution of 300 m lack significant variables, reflecting a lower explanatory power for densification. This approach aids in identifying optimal and significant global variables with higher explanatory power for understanding and predicting urban densification. Furthermore, these findings are reproducible in a global urban context, offering valuable insights for planners, modelers and geographers in managing future urban growth and minimizing modelling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52374,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Sustainability","volume":"6 2","pages":"Article 100276"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100279
Kazi Al Muqtadir Abir , Biplob Dey , Mohammad Redowan , Ashraful Haque , Romel Ahmed
Protecting rare, endemic, and endangered species requires careful habitat evaluation to set strategic plans for mitigating biodiversity loss and prioritizing conservation goals. The endangered Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) exemplifies the urgent need for targeted conservation efforts, given its challenging habitat conditions. This study examines the impact of climate and land use changes on the suitable habitat distribution of Asian elephants. Utilizing ten predictor variables, including climatic, topographic, and land use data, and employing six ensemble Species Distribution Models (SDMs) alongside Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 data, the study estimates spatial changes and potential habitat expansions for Asian elephants across Tropical Asia. Occurrence data were gathered from field surveys in Bangladesh and the Global Biodiversity Information Facility database for Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Laos, Nepal, Thailand, and Vietnam. To evaluate habitat suitability, the analysis considered two distinct socioeconomic pathways (SSP 245 and SSP 370) across two future periods (2041–2060 and 2061–2080). Results reveal a strong correlation between isothermality and habitat suitability, with higher isothermality enhancing the habitat conditions for Asian elephants. Among the SDMs, the random forest model demonstrated the highest performance. Projected scenarios indicate significant habitat fragmentation by 2061–2080, heightening the risk of species’ vulnerability. Specifically, in SSP 245, the north zone is anticipated to experience a higher rate of habitat loss (588.443 km²/year), whereas, in SSP 370, the west zone is expected to face a more severe rate of habitat loss (1,798.56 km²/year). The eastern zone, which includes Cambodia, Vietnam, Laos, Thailand, and southern Myanmar, is notably at risk, with an estimated habitat loss of 14.8 million hectares. Anticipated changes in climate and land cover will impact the availability of essential resources such as food, water, and shelter, potentially driving the species to relocate to different elevation belts. The outcomes of the consensus map highlighting critical habitats and future fragmentation scenarios will support effective conservation and management strategies for the species.
{"title":"Predicting suitable habitats for Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) in Tropical Asia under changing climatic scenarios","authors":"Kazi Al Muqtadir Abir , Biplob Dey , Mohammad Redowan , Ashraful Haque , Romel Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100279","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Protecting rare, endemic, and endangered species requires careful habitat evaluation to set strategic plans for mitigating biodiversity loss and prioritizing conservation goals. The endangered Asian elephant (<em>Elephas maximus</em>) exemplifies the urgent need for targeted conservation efforts, given its challenging habitat conditions. This study examines the impact of climate and land use changes on the suitable habitat distribution of Asian elephants. Utilizing ten predictor variables, including climatic, topographic, and land use data, and employing six ensemble Species Distribution Models (SDMs) alongside Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 data, the study estimates spatial changes and potential habitat expansions for Asian elephants across Tropical Asia. Occurrence data were gathered from field surveys in Bangladesh and the Global Biodiversity Information Facility database for Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Laos, Nepal, Thailand, and Vietnam. To evaluate habitat suitability, the analysis considered two distinct socioeconomic pathways (SSP 245 and SSP 370) across two future periods (2041–2060 and 2061–2080). Results reveal a strong correlation between isothermality and habitat suitability, with higher isothermality enhancing the habitat conditions for Asian elephants. Among the SDMs, the random forest model demonstrated the highest performance. Projected scenarios indicate significant habitat fragmentation by 2061–2080, heightening the risk of species’ vulnerability. Specifically, in SSP 245, the north zone is anticipated to experience a higher rate of habitat loss (588.443 km²/year), whereas, in SSP 370, the west zone is expected to face a more severe rate of habitat loss (1,798.56 km²/year). The eastern zone, which includes Cambodia, Vietnam, Laos, Thailand, and southern Myanmar, is notably at risk, with an estimated habitat loss of 14.8 million hectares. Anticipated changes in climate and land cover will impact the availability of essential resources such as food, water, and shelter, potentially driving the species to relocate to different elevation belts. The outcomes of the consensus map highlighting critical habitats and future fragmentation scenarios will support effective conservation and management strategies for the species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52374,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Sustainability","volume":"6 2","pages":"Article 100279"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143512689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-05DOI: 10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100277
Eglė Baltranaitė , Miguel Inácio , Luís Valença Pinto , Katarzyna Bogdziewicz , Jorge Rocha , Eduardo Gomes , Paulo Pereira
Coastal tourism holds substantial development potential. However, coastal ecosystems are affected by tourism development, which limits the supply of ecosystem services (ES). This study aims to conduct a systematic literature review on the impacts of tourism on coastal and marine ES using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-alpha Methods. We initially identified 640 studies by searching titles, abstracts, and keywords. After screening, only 50 studies met the criteria for inclusion in the review. The results showed a significant increase in publications between 2011 and 2023. Most studies were conducted in Europe, Asia, and North and Central America. The most used ES classifications were MEA and CICES. Most studies concentrated on the ES supply dimension (43 studies; 86 %). Cultural ES (47 studies; 94 %) were researched more than provisioning (28 studies; 56 %) and regulating & maintenance (29 studies; 58 %) sections. Regarding cultural ES, most studies were focused on “Physical and experiential interactions with the natural environment” (34 studies; 68 %) and on provisioning ES on “Wild animals (terrestrial and aquatic) for nutrition, materials or energy” (18 studies; 36 %). Quantitative and mixed methods were the most used in the reviewed studies. Most studies identified pressures from “Tourism, urbanisation, and population increase” (27 studies; 54 %) and focused on “Integrative/ common management strategies” (20 studies; 40 %). Only a few of the studies’ results have been validated by external data (10 studies; 20 %). This study provides an overview of the most assessed marine and coastal ES, where studies are needed with more comprehensive geographic coverage.
{"title":"Tourism impacts on marine and coastal ecosystem services: A systematic review","authors":"Eglė Baltranaitė , Miguel Inácio , Luís Valença Pinto , Katarzyna Bogdziewicz , Jorge Rocha , Eduardo Gomes , Paulo Pereira","doi":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coastal tourism holds substantial development potential. However, coastal ecosystems are affected by tourism development, which limits the supply of ecosystem services (ES). This study aims to conduct a systematic literature review on the impacts of tourism on coastal and marine ES using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-alpha Methods. We initially identified 640 studies by searching titles, abstracts, and keywords. After screening, only 50 studies met the criteria for inclusion in the review. The results showed a significant increase in publications between 2011 and 2023. Most studies were conducted in Europe, Asia, and North and Central America. The most used ES classifications were MEA and CICES. Most studies concentrated on the ES supply dimension (43 studies; 86 %). Cultural ES (47 studies; 94 %) were researched more than provisioning (28 studies; 56 %) and regulating & maintenance (29 studies; 58 %) sections. Regarding cultural ES, most studies were focused on “<em>Physical and experiential interactions with the natural environment”</em> (34 studies; 68 %) and on provisioning ES on “<em>Wild animals (terrestrial and aquatic) for nutrition, materials or energy</em>” (18 studies; 36 %)<em>.</em> Quantitative and mixed methods were the most used in the reviewed studies. Most studies identified pressures from “<em>Tourism, urbanisation, and population increase</em>” (27 studies; 54 %) and focused on “<em>Integrative/ common management strategies</em>” (20 studies; 40 %). Only a few of the studies’ results have been validated by external data (10 studies; 20 %). This study provides an overview of the most assessed marine and coastal ES, where studies are needed with more comprehensive geographic coverage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52374,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Sustainability","volume":"6 2","pages":"Article 100277"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143519757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.geosus.2024.06.008
Lingli Zuo , Guohua Liu , Junyan Zhao , Jiajia Li , Shuyuan Zheng , Xukun Su
Ecosystems play a pivotal role in advancing Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by providing indispensable and resilient ecosystem services (ESs). However, the limited analysis of spatiotemporal heterogeneity often restricts the recognition of ESs’ roles in attaining SDGs and landscape planning. We selected 183 counties in the Sichuan Province as the study area and mapped 10 SDGs and 7 ESs from 2000 to 2020. We used correlation analysis, principal component analysis, Geographically and Temporally Weighted Regression model, and self-organizing maps to reveal the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of the impacts of the bundle of ESs on the SDGs and to develop spatial planning and management strategies. The results showed that (1) SDGs were improved in all counties, with SDG 1 (No Poverty) and SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being) exhibiting poor performance. Western Sichuan demonstrated stronger performance in environment-related SDGs in the Sichuan Province, while the Sichuan Basin showed better progress in socio-economic-related SDGs; (2) habitat quality, carbon sequestration, air pollution removal, and soil retention significantly influenced the development of 9 SDGs; (3) supporting, regulating, and provisioning service bundles have persistent and stable spatiotemporal heterogeneity effects on SDG1, SDG8, SDG11, SDG13, and SDG15. These findings substantiate the need for integrated management of multiple ESs and facilitate the regional achievement of SDGs in geographically intricate areas.
{"title":"Spatiotemporal heterogeneity management: Optimizing the critical role of ecosystem services in achieving Sustainable Development Goals","authors":"Lingli Zuo , Guohua Liu , Junyan Zhao , Jiajia Li , Shuyuan Zheng , Xukun Su","doi":"10.1016/j.geosus.2024.06.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geosus.2024.06.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ecosystems play a pivotal role in advancing Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by providing indispensable and resilient ecosystem services (ESs). However, the limited analysis of spatiotemporal heterogeneity often restricts the recognition of ESs’ roles in attaining SDGs and landscape planning. We selected 183 counties in the Sichuan Province as the study area and mapped 10 SDGs and 7 ESs from 2000 to 2020. We used correlation analysis, principal component analysis, Geographically and Temporally Weighted Regression model, and self-organizing maps to reveal the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of the impacts of the bundle of ESs on the SDGs and to develop spatial planning and management strategies. The results showed that (1) SDGs were improved in all counties, with SDG 1 (No Poverty) and SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being) exhibiting poor performance. Western Sichuan demonstrated stronger performance in environment-related SDGs in the Sichuan Province, while the Sichuan Basin showed better progress in socio-economic-related SDGs; (2) habitat quality, carbon sequestration, air pollution removal, and soil retention significantly influenced the development of 9 SDGs; (3) supporting, regulating, and provisioning service bundles have persistent and stable spatiotemporal heterogeneity effects on SDG1, SDG8, SDG11, SDG13, and SDG15. These findings substantiate the need for integrated management of multiple ESs and facilitate the regional achievement of SDGs in geographically intricate areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52374,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Sustainability","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100211"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143139301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.geosus.2024.05.005
Lingxue Yu , Ye Liu , Fengqin Yan , Lijie Lu , Xuan Li , Shuwen Zhang , Jiuchun Yang
Phenology shifts influence regional climate by altering energy, and water fluxes through biophysical processes. However, a quantitative understanding of the phenological control on vegetation’s biophysical feedbacks to regional climate remains elusive. Using long-term remote sensing observations and Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model simulations, we investigated vegetation phenology changes from 2003 to 2020 and quantified their biophysical controls on the regional climate in Northeast China. Our findings elucidated that earlier green-up contributed to a prolonged growing season in forests, while advanced green-up and delayed dormancy extended the growing season in croplands. This prolonged presence and increased maximum green cover intensified climate-vegetation interactions, resulting in more significant surface cooling in croplands compared to forests. Surface cooling from forest phenology changes was prominent during May’s green-up (-0.53 ± 0.07 °C), while crop phenology changes induced cooling throughout the growing season, particularly in June (-0.47 ± 0.15 °C), July (-0.48 ± 0.11 °C), and September (-0.28 ± 0.09 °C). Furthermore, we unraveled the contributions of different biophysical pathways to temperature feedback using a two-resistance attribution model, with aerodynamic resistance emerging as the dominant factor. Crucially, our findings underscored that the land surface temperature (LST) sensitivity, exhibited substantially higher values in croplands rather than temperate forests. These strong sensitivities, coupled with the projected continuation of phenology shifts, portend further growing season cooling in croplands. These findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the intricate feedback mechanisms between vegetation phenology and surface temperature, emphasizing the significance of vegetation phenology dynamics in shaping regional climate pattern and seasonality.
{"title":"Phenological control of vegetation biophysical feedbacks to the regional climate","authors":"Lingxue Yu , Ye Liu , Fengqin Yan , Lijie Lu , Xuan Li , Shuwen Zhang , Jiuchun Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.geosus.2024.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geosus.2024.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phenology shifts influence regional climate by altering energy, and water fluxes through biophysical processes. However, a quantitative understanding of the phenological control on vegetation’s biophysical feedbacks to regional climate remains elusive. Using long-term remote sensing observations and Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model simulations, we investigated vegetation phenology changes from 2003 to 2020 and quantified their biophysical controls on the regional climate in Northeast China. Our findings elucidated that earlier green-up contributed to a prolonged growing season in forests, while advanced green-up and delayed dormancy extended the growing season in croplands. This prolonged presence and increased maximum green cover intensified climate-vegetation interactions, resulting in more significant surface cooling in croplands compared to forests. Surface cooling from forest phenology changes was prominent during May’s green-up (-0.53 ± 0.07 °C), while crop phenology changes induced cooling throughout the growing season, particularly in June (-0.47 ± 0.15 °C), July (-0.48 ± 0.11 °C), and September (-0.28 ± 0.09 °C). Furthermore, we unraveled the contributions of different biophysical pathways to temperature feedback using a two-resistance attribution model, with aerodynamic resistance emerging as the dominant factor. Crucially, our findings underscored that the land surface temperature (LST) sensitivity, exhibited substantially higher values in croplands rather than temperate forests. These strong sensitivities, coupled with the projected continuation of phenology shifts, portend further growing season cooling in croplands. These findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the intricate feedback mechanisms between vegetation phenology and surface temperature, emphasizing the significance of vegetation phenology dynamics in shaping regional climate pattern and seasonality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52374,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Sustainability","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100202"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141692471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100267
Paulo Pereira , Wenwu Zhao
Geography is a discipline that touches multiple sciences and has been key to bridging numerous fields of knowledge. This gives geography the advantage of connecting natural (e.g., biology, ecology, climatology, geomorphology) with social and human (e.g., education, demography, sociology) sciences. The spatialisation of information from different sciences allows us to understand distribution patterns and connections between different realities. Thus, geographical knowledge is essential for an integrated and consistent understanding of our world. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) established by the United Nations (UN) in 2015 were essential to unifying the world towards a common goal. To achieve these, 17 goals and 169 targets were created, and knowledge from multiple sciences is needed to support them. It is a huge challenge, and different knowledge branches are needed to connect. Geography and geographical knowledge have this capacity and support all 17 goals and 169 targets. Although this is a reality, as it will be explained in this editorial, SDG’s achievement for some is becoming utopic and unrealistic due to our world’s differences. It is time to think about the post-2030 SDGs, in which geography and geographic knowledge will be essential unequivocally.
{"title":"Geography and geographical knowledge contribute decisively to all sustainable development goals and targets","authors":"Paulo Pereira , Wenwu Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geosus.2025.100267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Geography is a discipline that touches multiple sciences and has been key to bridging numerous fields of knowledge. This gives geography the advantage of connecting natural (e.g., biology, ecology, climatology, geomorphology) with social and human (e.g., education, demography, sociology) sciences. The spatialisation of information from different sciences allows us to understand distribution patterns and connections between different realities. Thus, geographical knowledge is essential for an integrated and consistent understanding of our world. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) established by the United Nations (UN) in 2015 were essential to unifying the world towards a common goal. To achieve these, 17 goals and 169 targets were created, and knowledge from multiple sciences is needed to support them. It is a huge challenge, and different knowledge branches are needed to connect. Geography and geographical knowledge have this capacity and support all 17 goals and 169 targets. Although this is a reality, as it will be explained in this editorial, SDG’s achievement for some is becoming utopic and unrealistic due to our world’s differences. It is time to think about the post-2030 SDGs, in which geography and geographic knowledge will be essential unequivocally.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52374,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Sustainability","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100267"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143139315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.geosus.2024.05.006
Jie Su , Fanhua Kong , Haiwei Yin , Michael E. Meadows , Liding Chen , Hong S. He , Hui Sun , Zhenya Li , Kejing Zhou , Bin Chen
Given the reality of climate-driven migration, the net effectiveness of existing spatially fixed protected areas (PAs) to biodiversity conservation is expected to decline, while the potential of non-PA habitats (non-PAs, i.e., natural, altered, or artificial ecosystems that are not formally designated as PAs) for biodiversity conservation is gaining attention. However, the contribution of non-PAs to biodiversity conservation remains poorly understood. With the aim of comprehensively assessing the effectiveness of non-PAs as transient refugia and steppingstones during future climate-change-induced migration of species in China, a six-metric integrated framework was applied and statistics of these metrics for PAs and non-PAs are compared. Results reveal that, a greater area of non-PAs has a low velocity of climate change (VoCC) compared to that of PAs, and can therefore serve as temporary refugia for species. The disappearing climate index (DCI) and novel climate index (NCI) results show that some 17 % of the subdivided climate classes within the PAs have changed. However, the displacement index (DI) results imply that nearly half (48.98 %) of the PAs need non-PAs to provide transient refugia for climate-driven migration of species in PAs. The higher ratio of effective steppingstones measured using the climate corridor score (CCS) and landscape current flow (LCF) further emphasizes that non-PAs play a more significant role as steppingstones for climate-driven migration than do PAs in terms of both their structural and functional connectivity. Our research further demonstrates that a conservation approach that improves connectivity among PAs and considers Other Effective area-based Conservation Measures (OECMs) is essential for long-term biodiversity adaptation to climate change.
{"title":"Essential contribution of habitats in non-protected areas to climate-driven species migration in China","authors":"Jie Su , Fanhua Kong , Haiwei Yin , Michael E. Meadows , Liding Chen , Hong S. He , Hui Sun , Zhenya Li , Kejing Zhou , Bin Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.geosus.2024.05.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geosus.2024.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Given the reality of climate-driven migration, the net effectiveness of existing spatially fixed protected areas (PAs) to biodiversity conservation is expected to decline, while the potential of non-PA habitats (non-PAs, i.e., natural, altered, or artificial ecosystems that are not formally designated as PAs) for biodiversity conservation is gaining attention. However, the contribution of non-PAs to biodiversity conservation remains poorly understood. With the aim of comprehensively assessing the effectiveness of non-PAs as transient refugia and steppingstones during future climate-change-induced migration of species in China, a six-metric integrated framework was applied and statistics of these metrics for PAs and non-PAs are compared. Results reveal that, a greater area of non-PAs has a low velocity of climate change (VoCC) compared to that of PAs, and can therefore serve as temporary refugia for species. The disappearing climate index (DCI) and novel climate index (NCI) results show that some 17 % of the subdivided climate classes within the PAs have changed. However, the displacement index (DI) results imply that nearly half (48.98 %) of the PAs need non-PAs to provide transient refugia for climate-driven migration of species in PAs. The higher ratio of effective steppingstones measured using the climate corridor score (CCS) and landscape current flow (LCF) further emphasizes that non-PAs play a more significant role as steppingstones for climate-driven migration than do PAs in terms of both their structural and functional connectivity. Our research further demonstrates that a conservation approach that improves connectivity among PAs and considers Other Effective area-based Conservation Measures (OECMs) is essential for long-term biodiversity adaptation to climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52374,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Sustainability","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100203"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141713797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.geosus.2024.07.005
Zhen Shen , Yang Gao , Lei Wang , Zheyi Xia , Haowei Liu , Ting Deng
Understanding the complex interactions between urbanization and ecosystem services (ESs) is crucial for optimizing planning policies and achieving sustainable urban management. While previous research has largely focused on highly urbanized areas, little attention has been given to the phased effect of progressive urbanization on ES networks. This study proposes a conceptual framework that utilizes the network method and space-time replacement to examine the effect of urbanization on the complex relationships among ESs at different stages, with a particular emphasis on the progressive evolution of the process. We apply this framework to the Horqin area, a typical eco-fragile area in China. Results demonstrate that the connectivity of the ES synergy network exhibits a non-stationary characteristic, initially increasing, then decreasing, and subsequently strengthening. Meanwhile, its modularity shows a rising trend during periods of accelerated urbanization. The performance of the trade-off network displays the opposite pattern. Additionally, we observe a gradual replacement of provisioning and regulation services by cultural services in terms of dominance in the synergy network as urbanization advances. By providing guidance for identifying key planning initiatives and implementing ecological protection policies at different stages of development, this study contributes a pathway that can inform development strategies in other regions undergoing progressive urbanization.
{"title":"Non-stationary response of complex ecosystem service networks to urbanization: Evidence from a typical eco-fragile area in China","authors":"Zhen Shen , Yang Gao , Lei Wang , Zheyi Xia , Haowei Liu , Ting Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.geosus.2024.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geosus.2024.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the complex interactions between urbanization and ecosystem services (ESs) is crucial for optimizing planning policies and achieving sustainable urban management. While previous research has largely focused on highly urbanized areas, little attention has been given to the phased effect of progressive urbanization on ES networks. This study proposes a conceptual framework that utilizes the network method and space-time replacement to examine the effect of urbanization on the complex relationships among ESs at different stages, with a particular emphasis on the progressive evolution of the process. We apply this framework to the Horqin area, a typical eco-fragile area in China. Results demonstrate that the connectivity of the ES synergy network exhibits a non-stationary characteristic, initially increasing, then decreasing, and subsequently strengthening. Meanwhile, its modularity shows a rising trend during periods of accelerated urbanization. The performance of the trade-off network displays the opposite pattern. Additionally, we observe a gradual replacement of provisioning and regulation services by cultural services in terms of dominance in the synergy network as urbanization advances. By providing guidance for identifying key planning initiatives and implementing ecological protection policies at different stages of development, this study contributes a pathway that can inform development strategies in other regions undergoing progressive urbanization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52374,"journal":{"name":"Geography and Sustainability","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100214"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143139319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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