Children’s Personal Significance of Olfaction — the ChiPSO Questionnaire

IF 1 4区医学 Q4 Neuroscience Chemosensory Perception Pub Date : 2022-11-28 DOI:10.1007/s12078-022-09303-z

Elisabeth C. Lohrer, Annika Dworschak, Ilona Croy, Janine Gellrich, Maha Sabha, Luca Parisato, Valentin A. Schriever

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Introduction

The human sense of smell has different functions which can be categorized as “food,” “social,” and “environment.” Different questionnaires about the importance of olfaction in adults are available, but little attention has been paid to children and adolescents. Therefore, we aimed to develop a questionnaire about children’s personal significance of olfaction (ChiPSO).

Methods

The questionnaire was developed in two steps. The first questionnaire included 33 statements about the importance of olfactory information in daily life — covering three subscales “food,” “environment,” and “social” administered to 191 participants (mean age: 14.4 ± 1.7 years). The five best fitting items of each subscale were chosen for the final 15-item questionnaire. In the second part, we administered the developed questionnaire to 208 children and adolescents (mean age: 11.5 ± 3.5 years) who additionally underwent olfactory testing to investigate the association between olfactory function and questionnaire results. Participants were separated in two age groups: (i) 6–11 years (children), (ii) 12–17 years (adolescents).

Results

A significant influence of age on the total ChiPSO score and all three subscales with adolescents scoring higher than children was found. Additionally, there was a significant influence of sex in adolescents on total ChiPSO score and subscales “social” and “food” with girls scoring higher than boys.

Conclusion

We report an association between questionnaires results and olfactory performance. Additionally, olfactory information seems to be more important to adolescents compared to children and girls compared to boys.

Implications

The ChiPSO questionnaire is a practical tool to evaluate the importance of olfactory information in children and adolescents aged 6–17 years.

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儿童嗅觉的个人意义- ChiPSO问卷

人类的嗅觉有不同的功能，可以分为“食物”、“社会”和“环境”。关于嗅觉在成人中的重要性有不同的调查问卷，但对儿童和青少年的关注很少。因此，我们拟编制一份儿童嗅觉的个人意义问卷(ChiPSO)。方法采用两步编制问卷。第一份问卷包括33项关于嗅觉信息在日常生活中的重要性的陈述，涵盖了“食物”、“环境”和“社会”三个分量表，共191名参与者(平均年龄:14.4±1.7岁)。每个子量表选出5个最适合的项目作为最终的15项问卷。在第二部分中，我们对208名儿童和青少年(平均年龄:11.5±3.5岁)进行了问卷调查，并对他们进行了嗅觉测试，以调查嗅觉功能与问卷结果之间的关系。参与者被分为两个年龄组:(i) 6-11岁(儿童)，(ii) 12-17岁(青少年)。结果年龄对ChiPSO总分及三个分量表均有显著影响，且青少年得分高于儿童。此外，性别对青少年ChiPSO总分和“社交”、“食物”亚量表有显著影响，女孩得分高于男孩。结论我们报告了问卷调查结果与嗅觉表现之间的关联。此外，嗅觉信息似乎对青少年比儿童更重要，对女孩比男孩更重要。ChiPSO问卷是评估6-17岁儿童和青少年嗅觉信息重要性的实用工具。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Chemosensory Perception 农林科学-神经科学

CiteScore

2.50

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

>36 weeks

期刊介绍： Coverage in Chemosensory Perception includes animal work with implications for human phenomena and explores the following areas: Identification of chemicals producing sensory response; Identification of sensory response associated with chemicals; Human in vivo response to chemical stimuli; Human in vitro response to chemical stimuli; Neuroimaging of chemosensory function; Neurological processing of chemoreception; Chemoreception mechanisms; Psychophysics of chemoperception; Trigeminal function; Multisensory perception; Contextual effect on chemoperception; Behavioral response to chemical stimuli; Physiological factors affecting and contributing to chemoperception; Flavor and hedonics; Memory and chemoperception.