PRECEDENCE IN PARADIGMATICS AND SYNTAGMATICS (on the example of comparisons in modern German)

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to reveal the heuristic potential of precedent, cognitive-functional analysis of stable comparisons, paroemias, quotations that form a phraseological cluster of the lexical system of the German language. The significance of the article is determined by the usage of theoretical instruments of studying the cognitive category of precedence - a complicated and multifaceted object of the general theory of knowledge - and further research of secondary semiosis - a relevant problem of modern linguistics. The novelty of the article consists in discovering the dual aspects of objects of the category of precedence and its actual language representatives - similes within two vectors - in paradigmatics and syntagmatics. Similes confirm their status as the marker of precedent thinking, a derivative language sign and dynamic development of the language. They are studied as an independent object of the category of precedent linguistic units and expand the paradigm of precedent occurrences in multi-structural syntactic realisations. The research methodology is based on the provisions of cognitive linguistics, axiology, the theory of linguistic precedent and the theory of interpretation using general scientific and special cognitive methods. A number of methodologically relevant terms for precedent linguistics and precedent thinking are being developed: precedent situation, precedent statement, precedent sentence, precedent object, etc. A number of methodologically relevant terms for precedent linguistics and precedent thinking are being developed: precedent situation, precedent statement, precedent sentence, precedent object, etc. The author shows comparisons as a means of expressing a model of language imagery, which is represented through a set of metacomponents: the level of values, cognitive-thematic area (cogniteme), presupposition, language unit. Eight structural-semantic phraseologized models (with variants) reflecting the paradigmatics of figurative comparisons in syntagmatics, which are of scientific interest for cognitive syntax and axiology, are analyzed.