Development of biochar electrode materials for capacitive deionization: preparation, performance, regeneration and other challenges

IF 5.7 3区材料科学 Q2 Materials Science New Carbon Materials Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI:10.1016/S1872-5805(23)60779-6

Zhi-Hong Zeng, Li-Li Yan, Guang-Hui Li, Pin-Hua Rao, Yi-Ran Sun, Zhen-Yi Zhao

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Abstract

Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a potential cost-efficient desalination technology. Its performance is intrinsically limited by the structure and properties of the electrode materials. Biomass materials have become a research hotspot for CDI electrode materials because of their abundance, low cost, and unique structure. The preparation, desalination performance, and regeneration status of biochar electrodes are summarized and clarified. Their preparation and use in CDI in recent years are presented and compared, and the effects of biochar electrode materials and CDI operating parameters on the desalination performance are emphasized. It is found that the salt adsorption capacity is positively correlated with the percent mesoporous material they contain. The selective adsorption of ions mainly depends on ion properties like ionic radius and charge as well as voltage, charging time and feed water characteristics. The current status and methods of electrode regeneration are discussed and future developments are suggested.

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生物炭电容去离子电极材料的研究进展:制备、性能、再生及其他挑战

电容去离子（CDI）是一种具有潜在成本效益的海水淡化技术。其性能本质上受到电极材料的结构和性能的限制。生物质材料以其丰富、低成本和独特的结构成为CDI电极材料的研究热点。综述和阐明了生物炭电极的制备、脱盐性能和再生状况。介绍了近年来生物炭电极材料的制备及其在CDI中的应用，并对其进行了比较，强调了生物炭电极的材料和CDI操作参数对脱盐性能的影响。研究发现，盐的吸附能力与它们所含的介孔材料的百分比呈正相关。离子的选择性吸附主要取决于离子的性质，如离子半径和电荷，以及电压、充电时间和给水特性。讨论了电极再生的现状和方法，并对今后的发展提出了建议。

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来源期刊

New Carbon Materials MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-

CiteScore

6.10

自引率

8.80%

发文量

3245

审稿时长

5.5 months

期刊介绍： New Carbon Materials is a scholarly journal that publishes original research papers focusing on the physics, chemistry, and technology of organic substances that serve as precursors for creating carbonaceous solids with aromatic or tetrahedral bonding. The scope of materials covered by the journal extends from diamond and graphite to a variety of forms including chars, semicokes, mesophase substances, carbons, carbon fibers, carbynes, fullerenes, and carbon nanotubes. The journal's objective is to showcase the latest research findings and advancements in the areas of formation, structure, properties, behaviors, and technological applications of carbon materials. Additionally, the journal includes papers on the secondary production of new carbon and composite materials, such as carbon-carbon composites, derived from the aforementioned carbons. Research papers on organic substances will be considered for publication only if they have a direct relevance to the resulting carbon materials.