Cognitive flexibility and problem-solving in patients with bipolar disorder

Maria Yosepha Safira Nugroho, B. H. Daeng, G. Waworuntu
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Introduction: This study focuses on the cognitive impairment in patients with bipolar disorder and also the distribution of cognitive flexibility and problem-solving by degree of education, chronicity, and episode of patient is in at the time of evaluation.Methods: This was a cross sectional descriptive study with purposive sampling method. The population was the Harmony in Diversity Group in Surabaya, Indonesia. Twenty-two patients agreed to be subjects and each of them finished the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) to measure cognitive flexibility and the Tower of London (TOL) to measure problem-solving. Results: The WCST score are below normal for 90.9% of the patients. Higher cognitive flexibility is found in patients with bachelor’s degree and euthymic patients, while lower cognitive flexibility is found in patients in depression episode, manic episode, and mixed episode. No patients could finish the TOL within the minimum required steps. Better problem-solving is found in patients in manic episode and euthymic patients while lower problem-solving is found in mixed episode and depressive episode.Conclusion: The cognitive flexibility and problem-solving in patients with bipolar disorder are lower than the normal cut off. The type of episode and chronicity are contributing factors. Euthymic patients tend to have better cognitive flexibility and manic patients tend to have better problem-solving ability.
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双相情感障碍患者的认知灵活性和问题解决能力
简介:本研究主要研究双相情感障碍患者的认知功能障碍,以及认知灵活性和问题解决能力在评估时受教育程度、慢性程度和患者所处发作期的分布。方法:采用目的抽样方法进行横断面描述性研究。人口是印度尼西亚泗水的和谐多样性集团。22名患者同意成为实验对象,他们每个人都完成了威斯康星卡片分类测试(WCST)来衡量认知灵活性,伦敦塔测试(TOL)来衡量问题解决能力。结果:90.9%的患者WCST评分低于正常。本科学历患者和心境平和患者的认知灵活性较高,而抑郁发作、躁狂发作和混合发作患者的认知灵活性较低。没有患者能在最低要求的步骤内完成TOL。躁狂发作和平静发作患者解决问题能力较好,而混合性发作和抑郁发作患者解决问题能力较差。结论:双相情感障碍患者的认知灵活性和问题解决能力均低于正常临界值。发作类型和慢性是影响因素。健康患者往往有更好的认知灵活性,躁狂患者往往有更好的解决问题的能力。
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