Effectiveness of Charcoal Adsorbent in Flue Gas Filters for PCB Reduction in Smoke from Hospital Incinerators

IF 1.5 Q3 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Journal of Combustion Pub Date : 2022-09-30 DOI:10.1155/2022/5253467
R. Adu, S. Gyasi, D. Essumang
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

The release of gas-phase polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) as one of the persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is an unfortunate result of combustion, especially from medical waste incinerators. This tends to make incinerators unpopular. The idea of a cheaply available air pollution control device fitted to incinerator chimneys can justify the continued use of incinerators. A gas filter unit, consisting of 3 filter beds with activated charcoal as an adsorbent, was designed, constructed, and fitted onto an existing incinerator at a university hospital in Ghana. Flue gas from the incinerator was sampled before and after the filter beds, using cylindrically-shaped mini-polyurethane foam (mini-PUF) samplers, and the analytes in the samples were then Soxhlet-extracted, purified, and analyzed for certain PCBs using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) technique. Twelve of the 14 indicators PCBs analyzed in the smoke samples were present, and 11 of them saw mean reductions ranging from 3.67% to 54.9% by the charcoal filter beds. These were PCB 18, PCB 28, PCB 31, PCB 44, PCB 101, PCB 118, PCB 138, PCB149, PCB 153, PCB 170, and PCB180. The gaseous concentrations of PCBs before filtration ranged from 0.0000788 ng/m3 for PCB 180 to 0.00129 ng/m3 for PCB 153. After the filtration by the charcoal adsorbent, they ranged from 0.00003734 ng/m3 for PCB 170 to 0.00112016 ng/m3 for PCB 153. The highest mean reduction of 54.9% came from the homologue, PCB 180, whilst the homologue with a dioxin-like character (PCB 118) saw a 22.44% reduction. This suggests that dioxins and other dioxin-like compounds are most likely adsorbed by the charcoal adsorbent. This gas filter unit should further be investigated for its effectiveness at removing other dioxin-like PCBs, dioxins, and furanes and for testing the effectiveness of thermophilic bacterial strains that can further metabolize these POPs into less harmful products.
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木炭吸附剂对减少医院焚化炉烟气中PCB的效果研究
气相多氯联苯(PCBs)作为一种持久性有机污染物(POPs)的释放是燃烧的不幸结果,特别是来自医疗废物焚化炉。这使得焚烧厂不受欢迎。将廉价的空气污染控制装置安装在焚化炉烟囱上的想法可以证明继续使用焚化炉是合理的。在加纳一所大学医院的现有焚化炉上设计、建造并安装了一个气体过滤装置,该装置由3个过滤床组成,以活性炭为吸附剂。使用圆柱形微型聚氨酯泡沫(mini-PUF)采样器对过滤床前后的焚烧炉烟气进行采样,然后对样品中的分析物进行索氏提取、纯化,并使用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术对某些多氯联苯进行分析。在烟雾样本中分析的14个多氯联苯指标中,有12个指标存在,其中11个指标通过木炭过滤床平均减少了3.67%至54.9%。这些是PCB18, PCB 28, PCB 31, PCB 44, PCB 101, PCB 118, PCB 138, PCB149, PCB 153, PCB 170和PCB180。过滤前的多氯联苯气体浓度范围从PCB 180的0.0000788 ng/m3到PCB 153的0.00129 ng/m3。经木炭吸附剂过滤后,PCB 170的浓度范围为0.00003734 ng/m3至PCB 153的浓度范围为0.00112016 ng/m3。同源物PCB 180平均减少54.9%,而同源物具有二恶英样特征的PCB 118平均减少22.44%。这表明二恶英和其他二恶英类化合物最有可能被木炭吸附剂吸附。应该进一步研究这种气体过滤装置在去除其他二恶英样多氯联苯、二恶英和呋喃方面的有效性,并测试嗜热细菌菌株的有效性,这些菌株可以进一步将这些持久性有机污染物代谢成危害较小的产品。
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来源期刊
Journal of Combustion
Journal of Combustion ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL-
CiteScore
2.00
自引率
28.60%
发文量
8
审稿时长
20 weeks
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