Joint Reference

A. Bezuidenhout
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

This chapter argues that referring is a joint accomplishment of the interlocutors involved in a conversation. This argument is built around two assumptions. Firstly, it is not words that refer but people who refer by using words in appropriate contexts. Referring is a kind of purposive linguistic action. Secondly, it is possible to perform a purposive action jointly. Two or more agents in coordination can do their part to bring about a joint accomplishment that would not be brought about by any of the individuals acting alone. There are cases of joint referring, where two or more interlocutors do their part to produce an outcome (referring) that would not result from the efforts of any of the individuals acting alone. Furthermore, all referring is a joint accomplishment and talk of individuals as referring (either in conversation or in thought) is parasitic on the idea of joint referring.
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联合参考
本章认为,指称是参与对话的对话者的共同成就。这一论点建立在两个假设之上。首先,不是词语指代,而是人们在适当的语境中使用词语指代。指称是一种有目的的语言行为。第二,共同实施目的行为是可能的。两个或两个以上的行动者在协调下可以各尽其责,实现任何单独行动的个人都无法实现的共同成就。在联合转介的情况下,两个或两个以上的对话者尽其所能产生一个结果(转介),而这不是任何个人单独行动所能产生的结果。此外,所有的指称都是一种共同的成就,个人的指称(无论是在谈话中还是在思想中)都寄生在共同指称的观念上。
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