CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT ALTERNATIVES TO REMOVE STAINS DUE TO DENTAL FLUOROSIS TYPE IV. IN VITRO STUDY

Abstract

Introduction: Type IV dental fluorosis compromises the aesthetic and psychological expectations of patients. The main cause is excessive intake of fluoride during dental development. Conservative treatments for the removal of some pigmentations are microabrasion and combination with tooth whitening. There are new products on the market, such as Antivet®, which is proposed in this study for comparison with other treatments. Materials and methods: 12 dental organs were stored in 0.2% thymol at 37°C, which were divided into 4 groups. Group 1 (OP): (n=3) Opalustre®, group 2 (OP+PH): (n=3) treated with Opalustre® adding Whiteness HP Maxx 35%®, group 3 (ANT) (n=3): treated with Antivet® and group 4 (ANT+PH): (n=3) treated with Antivet® and Whiteness HP Maxx 35%®. Microabrasion was performed with Opalustre® for 60 seconds at 10 intervals for a total of 10 minutes of exposure. The abrasion with Antivet® was carried out for 10 minutes, at the end the neutralizing solution of the same treatment was placed for one minute. Whiteness HP Maxx 35%® was applied seven days after the treatments with Opalustre® and Antivet®, for 15 minutes, making 2 more applications for a total of 45 minutes of exposure. The specimens were taken to SEM/EDS (JEOL FE-SEM JSM-7800F) and color measurements were taken with VITA EasyShade V ® spectrophotometer. Statistical process control: The Kolmogórov-Smirnov test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed with a significance level of .05 in the statistical package IBM SPSS Statistics 23. Results: in the ANT group, SEM images show the loss of the aprismatic layer and an etched surface in which the periphery of the enamel prisms appeard removed. On the ANT+PH group an etched surface was observed around the enamel rods, slight erosion and porosity on the enamels surface. In the mineral content there was a statistically significant difference between the study groups of the minerals C, P, F and Ca (p < 0.05) For the color measurement, there was a statistically significant difference in the ΔE value between the OP group compared to the ANT group with a p-value of 0.031, being the highest value in ANT. Conclusion: The Antivet® treatment showed a more significant favorable color change in the L*, a*, and b* values, as well as an increase in the concentration of Ca and P.