Is It Feasible to Reconstruct Aortic Pressure Waveform Based On a 1d Uniform Model of the Arterial Tree?

Z. Hao
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Abstract

Based on a 1D uniform model of the arterial tree, various machine-learning techniques have been explored to reconstruct aortic pressure waveform (APW) from peripheral pressure waveform (PPW). This study aims to examine the feasibility of such reconstruction. Based on a 1D uniform vibrating-string model, transfer function (TF) of PPW to APW contains four harmonics-dependent parameters: value and phase of reflection coefficient (i.e., load impedance) at periphery and transmission parameter and transmission loss in the aorta-periphery section, and they are all harmonics-dependent. Pressure waveforms and blood velocity waveforms at the ascending aorta (AA), the carotid artery (CA), and the radial artery (RA) at different ages in a database are analyzed to calculate 1) reflection coefficient at the CA and the RA as two peripheries, 2) TF for the AA-CA and AA-RA sections, and 3) transmission parameter and transmission loss in the two sections. Harmonics-dependence of the four parameters varies with aging for both sections, revealing unpracticality of any mathematical model for harmonics-dependence of load impedance. Compared with fluid-loading, arterial non-uniformity significantly affects wave transmission. Transmission loss dramatically alters reconstructed APW, relative to higher harmonics. A 1D uniform model allows accurate reconstruction of APW from PPW, with a caveat that baseline values for the four parameters at different harmonics under different cardiovascular (CV) conditions need to be established a priori. Alternatively, based on the baseline values, PPW can be directly utilized for inferring the CV conditions.
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基于动脉树一维均匀模型重建主动脉压波形可行吗?
基于动脉树的一维均匀模型,研究人员探索了各种机器学习技术来从外周压力波形(PPW)重建主动脉压力波形(APW)。本研究旨在探讨这种重建的可行性。基于一维均匀振动弦模型,PPW到APW的传递函数(TF)包含四个谐波相关参数:外围反射系数(即负载阻抗)的值和相位以及主动脉-外围段的传输参数和传输损耗,它们都是谐波相关的。分析数据库中不同年龄的升主动脉(AA)、颈动脉(CA)和桡动脉(RA)的压力波形和血流速度波形,计算1)CA和RA作为两个外围的反射系数,2)AA-CA和AA-RA断面的TF, 3)两个断面的传输参数和传输损失。这四个参数的谐波依赖关系随两个部分的老化而变化,表明负载阻抗谐波依赖的任何数学模型都不实用。与流体加载相比,动脉不均匀性显著影响波的传播。相对于高次谐波,传输损耗显著地改变了重构APW。一维均匀模型可以精确地从PPW重建APW,但需要注意的是,需要先验地建立不同心血管(CV)条件下四个参数在不同谐波下的基线值。或者,基于基线值,PPW可以直接用于推断CV条件。
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