Shaktism in Hindu Religion: Concepts and chronology

Abstract

Shaktism is a cult of Hinduism that focuses on worship of the Goddess (feminine God). Goddess is worshiped in many forms, such as, the violent Durga, the fearsome Kali, the nurturing Parvati, or the gentle Lakshmi, among others. The article deals with the early origins of Shaktism, its philosophical development, and present-day forms. Different denominations of Shaktism, like folk Shaktism, tantric Shaktism and devotional Shaktism are also covered. Besides, the ten basic forms of Goddess (Dasamahavidya), namely Kali, Tara, Shodashi, Bhuvaneshvari, Chinnamasta, Bhairavi, Dhumavati, Bagala, Matangi and Kamala are discussed with spiritual and philosophical meanings. The article further describes the location of prominent Shakti-piths (seats of Goddess) like 4 Adipithas, 51 Satipithas and 108 Shakitpithas. Other stuffs like Goddess of contemporary times, major festivals, modern-day popularity of shaktism, etc. are incorporated to make the article more comprehensive.