Optimization of synthesis of microbial bio-surfactant sophorolipids using response surface methodology

Abstract

Synthetic surfactants, when released into the environment, do not degrade completely and show harmful effects. To minimize the damage to the environment and to introduce milder surfactants, it was necessary to introduce bio-surfactants. Optimization of the yield is performed by using a design expert model. The analysis of the product was carried out by using different techniques. The formulation of the personal care product was prepared by using the sophorolipid produced. Different compositions of raw materials are used, suggested by Design expert software to optimize the yield of the sophorolipid. Fermentation was performed by the shake flask method at specified conditions in the incubator shaker for the synthesis. The extraction and separation of the sophorolipid were done by the solvent extraction method. The predicted product yield value is close to the actual value of the product obtained, which indicates the model is accurate to use. The effect of the raw materials on the yield can be studied with the design expert model. The product is analyzed for its composition and properties with different analysis methods. Mathematical modelling is very helpful in predicting the optimum reaction condition and improving the yield of a particular bio-process. The RSM model of design expert software can be further utilized to carry out the in-detail study of the various factors and their effect on optimizing the yield. The sophorolipid can be used in different formulations as a greener and safe alternative to a chemical-based surfactant.