A histological presentation of Ligamentum capitis femoris

Abstract

Aim of the study To present the morphological structures that make up the Ligamentum capitis femoris (also found in the literature as Ligamentum teres) with a focus on the blood vessels which are located alongside it, thus supplying the head of the femur with blood. The aim of the study is to demonstrate the significance of the ligament regarding the destructive changes in the hip joint and to investigate to what extent the pathological changes are related to age, sex and overexertion. The blood supply of the caput femoris from r.acetabularis of a. obturatoria passing through the ligamentum capitis femoris is demonstrated and the connection with the development of various degenerative diseases of the hip joint such as osteoarthritis, aseptic and septic necrosis. This is a pilot study that will include groups of people of different age and gender. Materials and Methods To achieve our goals, we examined the structure of Ligamentum capitis femoris with an optical microscope, after staining the preparations with Hematoxylin Eosin and Azan. We performed a comparative complex analysis of the morphological characteristics and somatotopic features of the Ligamentum capitis femoris in humans. Results Ligamentum capitis femoris is composed of collagen fibers, fibrosis and adipose tissue. This is the only ligament in the human body through which passes a vessel from a.obturatoria - r. acetabularis. It contributes to about 25% of the blood supply to the femoral head. This is an essential connection between the two fragments of the joint - proximal, represented by the acetabulum and distal, represented by the caput femoris. Conclusion Ligamentum capitis femoris has a biological, mechanical and trophic role in the hip joint and should not be considered a rudimentary structure that loses its function with age (4). The principle of minimal ligament damage in all invasive procedures should be followed, as well as the gentle treatment in exercise of strength sports.