Role of the X and Y Chromosomes in the Female Germ Cell Line Development in the Mouse (Mus musculus).

IF 2.4 4区医学 Q2 DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY Sexual Development Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI:10.1159/000521151

Wataru Yamazaki, Seang Lin Tan, Teruko Taketo

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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Background: In eutherian mammals, the sex chromosome complement, XX and XY, determines sexual differentiation of gonadal primordia into testes and ovaries, which in turn direct differentiation of germ cells into haploid sperm and oocytes, respectively. When gonadal sex is reversed, however, the germ cell sex becomes discordant with the chromosomal sex. XY females in humans are infertile, while XY females in the mouse (Mus musculus) are subfertile or infertile dependent on the cause of sex reversal and the genetic background. This article reviews publications to understand how the sex chromosome complement affects the fertility of XY oocytes by comparing with XX and monosomy X (XO) oocytes.

Summary: The results highlight 2 folds disadvantage of XY oocytes over XX oocytes: (1) the X and Y chromosomes fail to pair during the meiotic prophase I, resulting in sex chromosome aneuploidy at the first meiotic division and (2) expression of the Y-linked genes during oocyte growth affects the transcriptome landscape and renders the ooplasmic component incompetent for embryonic development.

Key message: The XX chromosome complement gives the oocyte the highest competence for embryonic development.

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X和Y染色体在小鼠雌性生殖细胞系发育中的作用。

背景:在真生殖哺乳动物中，性染色体补体XX和XY决定性腺原基向睾丸和卵巢的性分化，进而指导生殖细胞分别向单倍体精子和卵母细胞的分化。然而，当性腺性别反转时，生殖细胞性别与染色体性别就不一致了。人类的XY型雌性是不育的，而小鼠(小家鼠)的XY型雌性是低生育能力或不育的，这取决于性别逆转的原因和遗传背景。本文通过与XX和单体X (XO)卵母细胞的比较，综述了性染色体补体如何影响XY卵母细胞的生育能力。摘要:研究结果突出了XY卵母细胞与XX卵母细胞的两大劣势:(1)X和Y染色体在减数分裂前I期不能配对，导致第一次减数分裂时性染色体非整倍体;(2)卵母细胞生长过程中Y相关基因的表达影响转录组结构，使卵母细胞成分不能用于胚胎发育。关键信息:XX染色体补体赋予卵母细胞胚胎发育的最高能力。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Sexual Development 生物-发育生物学

CiteScore

4.00

自引率

4.30%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Recent discoveries in experimental and clinical research have led to impressive advances in our knowledge of the genetic and environmental mechanisms governing sex determination and differentiation, their evolution as well as the mutations or endocrine and metabolic abnormalities that interfere with normal gonadal development. ‘Sexual Development’ provides a unique forum for this rapidly expanding field. Its broad scope covers all aspects of genetics, molecular biology, embryology, endocrinology, evolution and pathology of sex determination and differentiation in humans and animals. It publishes high-quality original research manuscripts, review articles, short reports, case reports and commentaries. An internationally renowned and multidisciplinary editorial team of three chief editors, ten prominent scientists serving as section editors, and a distinguished panel of editorial board members ensures fast and author-friendly editorial processing and peer reviewing.