天然块石作为建筑支撑结构的前景

O. Khomenchuk, Nelya Ostafiychuk, Marina Kolodii, G. Skyba
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The analysis of known methods of reinforcement of natural stone is made, and the scheme of reinforcement of the block is developed. In order to develop effective reinforcement of such blocks, it is proposed to place the longitudinal reinforcement in the holes drilled in the block before its removal from massif, and fill them with self-expanding cement. Known methods of strengthening the inclined sections of reinforced concrete beams without transverse reinforcement are considered. To strengthen the inclined sections of the natural stone block, it is proposed to use a similar system of external reinforcement of reinforced concrete beams with carbon fiber-based tapes, which are glued with epoxy resins. Scientific novelty. For the first time in the general case, it is proposed to use natural block stone, reinforced with internal and external reinforcement, as a load-bearing structural element of the prefabricated ferro-stone foundation. Practical significance. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的。天然块石加固方法研究及其作为承重建筑结构应用的可能性。方法。研究采用了归纳、分析综合、类比、抽象、建模等一般逻辑方法。结果。考虑了传统开采混凝土生产原材料技术的弊端和增加混凝土结构最终成本的因素。以基础砌块为例,比较了天然块石与钢筋混凝土建筑结构的优缺点。为了降低成本,提高性能,赋予生产更大的灵活性,建议采用低装饰价值的天然石材砌块制作此类砌块。对已知的天然石材加固方法进行了分析,提出了砌块加固方案。为了对此类块体进行有效加固,建议将纵向加固放置在块体离体前钻出的孔中,并用自膨胀水泥填充。考虑了已知的无横向加固钢筋混凝土梁倾斜截面的加固方法。为了加强天然石砌块的倾斜部分,建议使用类似的外部加固系统,用碳纤维基胶带加固钢筋混凝土梁,并用环氧树脂粘接。科学的新奇。在一般情况下,首次提出使用天然块石,内外配筋加固,作为预制铁石基础的承重结构元件。现实意义。初步计算了从加固杆孔内壁到机组外表面的最小允许距离,不考虑岩石中可能出现的不均匀性和缺陷,以及机组运行过程中的附加载荷。所得到的结果是由水泥砂浆的压力决定的,水泥砂浆自身膨胀。如果这个距离减少,整个墙可能会被破坏。制定了为证实所提出的制造基础砌块的方法需要解决的问题,该方法将利用天然石材的所有优点并降低制造基础砌块的成本。
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PROSPECTS OF USING NATURAL BLOCK STONE AS A SUPPORTING BUILDING STRUCTURE
Purpose. Research of reinforcement methods of natural block stone and possibilities of its application as a load-bearing building structure. Methods. The study used such general logical methods as generalization, analysis and synthesis, analogy, abstraction and modelling. Results. Disadvantages of traditional technology of mining of raw materials for concrete production and the factors that increase the final cost of concrete structures are considered. Advantages and disadvantages of natural block stone in comparison with reinforced concrete building structures on the example of foundation blocks are considered. In order to reduce the cost, improve performance and give the production more flexibility, it is proposed to make such blocks of natural stone blocks with low decorative value. The analysis of known methods of reinforcement of natural stone is made, and the scheme of reinforcement of the block is developed. In order to develop effective reinforcement of such blocks, it is proposed to place the longitudinal reinforcement in the holes drilled in the block before its removal from massif, and fill them with self-expanding cement. Known methods of strengthening the inclined sections of reinforced concrete beams without transverse reinforcement are considered. To strengthen the inclined sections of the natural stone block, it is proposed to use a similar system of external reinforcement of reinforced concrete beams with carbon fiber-based tapes, which are glued with epoxy resins. Scientific novelty. For the first time in the general case, it is proposed to use natural block stone, reinforced with internal and external reinforcement, as a load-bearing structural element of the prefabricated ferro-stone foundation. Practical significance. Preliminary calculation of the minimum allowable distance from the inner wall of the holes for reinforcement rods to the outer surface of the unit without taking into account the inhomogeneities and defects that may occur in the rock, and additional loads during operation of such a unit was made. The obtained result is determined by the pressure of the cement mortar, which expands itself. If this distance is reduced, the whole wall may be destroyed. The issues that need to be solved to substantiate the proposed method of manufacturing foundation blocks, which will use all the benefits of natural stone and reduce the cost of manufacturing foundation blocks, are formulated.
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