TRANSLATOR’S LINGUISTIC PERSONALITY: SOCIOCULTURAL AND PSYCHOLINGUISTIC ASPECTS

. The translator's linguistic personality in recent decades has become the object of research not only in such areas of linguistics as comparative linguistics, semiotics, semantics, pragmatics, cognitive linguistics, and others but also in the natural sciences related to the study of human activity, for example, neurophysiology. Nowadays, an analysis of the features of translator's bilingualism (or multilingualism) as a type of professional bilingualism is impossible without taking into account the achievements of translation studies, sociolinguistics, and ethno-psycholinguistics, cultural linguistics and neurolinguistics. All these areas allow us to conclude the laws and mechanisms of a language contact, which can be influenced by individual specifics, including the hemispheric dominance in one's brain. Unlike ordinary (natural) bilingualism, which is always a common practice of the peoples, the translator's bilingualism is professional by nature and is usually limited to the social practice of a particular individual. This practice, in turn, is shaped by the national, linguistic identity, the cultural experience of the translator, his emotional intelligence, and the socio-cultural factors that influence the formation of a particular type of acculturation of the translator's personality. Studies of the linguistic identity of professional bilinguals help us to understand the nature of speech production during the translation process, as well as the causes of linguistic interference at all levels of the language system, including stylistic registers. In the course of experiments of neurophysiologists and neurolinguists it was revealed that the dominance of the left hemisphere, which operates with verbal images and perceptions, provides us with rational perception and thinking. The dominance of the right hemisphere, which is characterized by the predominance of visual images, provides an emotional, imaginative, intuitive (and sometimes irrational) approach to the situation, creating the prerequisites for intuitive, creative thinking, which is so necessary for the translator. Language contact occurs during the interhemispheric communication in the brain of any bilingual.