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摘要

本文综述了DIR/Floortime模式在儿童特别是儿童早期自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)早期干预中的理论基础、实践步骤、基本结构、实践者的实用信息以及相关研究。DIR/Floortime是一种基于个体差异的关系干预模型,专业人员和家庭都可以使用。Floortime是一种模型式的干预方法,其基本目的是通过与儿童进行半结构化的游戏,发展儿童的功能性情感发展能力,并将其提高到典型的发展水平。有效的地板时间是通过跟随孩子,创造一个连续的交流圈,持续大约20-25分钟的游戏时间来创造的。目前,国内尚未有研究调查DIR/Floortime对ASD患儿的影响。对国外进行的研究进行了分析,发现DIR/Floortime是一种有效的干预方法,特别是在儿童早期使用时。该模型有望得到更系统的应用,并正在进行更多的研究以探索其有效性。旨在为今后在我国开展的相关研究提供理论基础。
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DIR/Floortime: Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğunda Bir Erken Müdahale Modeli
In this review, the theoretical foundations, practice steps, basic struc-ture, practical information for the practitioner, and related studies about DIR/Floortime model which is delivered as an early intervention for children especially in the early childhood period with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are given. DIR/Floortime is an intervention model that is relationship-based and constructed on individual differences, can be used by both professionals and families. Floortime is the intervention method of a model and basically, it is aimed to develop a child’s functional emotional developmental capacities and increase them to typical development level by semi-structured plays with the child. Effective Floortime sessions are created by following the child, creating a con-tinuous circle of communications, and ongoing approximately 20-25 minutes lasting playtimes. There was no research investigating the ef-fect of DIR/Floortime on children with ASD in our country. Studies that are conducted out of our country have been analyzed and it is seen that DIR/Floortime is an effective intervention method especially if it is used in early childhood. It is expected that this model is used more systematically, and more research is being made to search for its effectiveness. It is aimed that this review will also contribute to the theoretical foundations of research which will be conducted in our country.
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