“第三场所”在青年休闲实践中的作用:house party(家庭聚会)作为一种社交活动

D. Litvintsev
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摘要

青年休闲问题是现代社会学经常研究的对象。然而,俄罗斯科学家越来越关注俱乐部文化和各种青年亚文化,往往忽视了家庭聚会的社会现象。本文分析了美国、荷兰、丹麦、英国(skin party)、前苏联(“kvartirnik”/home gig)和现代俄罗斯(“vpiska”(inclusion)/ shubz及其各种形式)的家庭派对的个体研究结果。本研究的方法学基础采用了两种方法。E. Hoffmann的方法允许我们将家庭聚会作为一种娱乐性质的社会活动来研究,R. Oldenburg的“第三场所”理论,房子在聚会中变成了第三场所。这篇文章触及了家庭聚会的历史方面,他们的黄金时代可以追溯到19世纪的英国。在事件的神圣性和制度自由的背景下,家庭聚会被比作嬉皮士亚文化的“临时住所”公社。研究人员注意到形成一个聚会场所(“tusovka”)的可能性,作为一系列反对纪律文化和社会等级的家庭聚会。特别注意的问题是,在家庭聚会和饮酒游戏期间,饮酒是集体陶醉的一种仪式。引入家庭准党概念,其主要目的不是娱乐,而是教育、政治鼓动或直接销售。这篇文章的主要思想是不仅要反映消极的,而且要反映积极的社会文化功能的家庭聚会,这被一些研究人员认为是一种完全偏离和/或犯罪形式的休闲的现代青年。
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The role of the "third place" in the practices of youth leisure: house party (home party) as a social event
The problem of youth leisure is a frequent object of study in modern sociology. However, Russian scientists are increasingly paying attention to club culture and various youth subcultures, often overlooking the social phenomenon of house parties. The article analyses the results of individual studies of house parties in the USA, Holland, Denmark, the UK (skins party), the former USSR (“kvartirnik”/home gig) and modern Russia (“vpiska” (inclusion)/ shubz and its various formats). For the methodological basis of the study two approaches are used. The approach of E. Hoffmann, that allows us to study a house party as a social event of an entertaining nature, and the theory by R. Oldenburg of the “third place”, that a house becomes during a party. The article touches upon the historical aspect of house parties, their golden age dating back to the 19th century in the UK. In the context of the sacredness of the event and institutional freedom, a house party is compared to a “crash pad” commune of the hippie subculture. The researchers note the possibility of forming a hangout (“tusovka”) as a series of house parties opp osing disciplinary culture and social hierarchy. Special attention is paid to the issue of alcohol consumption as a ritual of collective intoxication during house parties and drinking games. The concept of a home quasi-party is introduced, which main purpose is not entertainment, but education, political agitation or direct sales. The main idea of the article is to reflect not only the negative, but also the positive socio-cultural functions of a house party, that is considered by some researchers as an exclusively deviant and/or criminogenic form of leisure of the modern youth.
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