Pub Date : 2024-03-24DOI: 10.19181/snsp.2024.12.1.4
S. Sagitov
Digitalization is currently an objective reality that constantly changes the lives of both individuals and society as a whole. However, international forums, researches, and monographs on digitalization primarily focus on issues related to digitalization in the fields of security, technology, economy, and education, and to a much lesser extent – the field of culture. This is to a large extent due to the fact that the majority of society considers culture as a sector of secondary importance in societal development, rather than one of the main and equal spheres of vital activity of society. Based on the approach to managing the cultural sphere as a process of mass communication, the author has developed a theoretical and methodological construct – a model for managing the cultural sphere in the conditions of digitalization. Analysis of the digitalization process dynam ics of the cultural sphere in Russia and the author’s practical experience show that the main factors influencing the speed and quality of digital development today are digi tal divides that determine both technological aspects and aspects requiring evaluation and development the actors of social management competencies. The author introdu ces the concept of «digital frustration» into the research practice understood as a result of the second-level digital divide, which, together with physical, psychological, biological and social frustrations can lead society to a state of social anomie.
{"title":"Digitalization of the сultural sphere in Russia: stages and challenges","authors":"S. Sagitov","doi":"10.19181/snsp.2024.12.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19181/snsp.2024.12.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Digitalization is currently an objective reality that constantly changes the lives of both individuals and society as a whole. However, international forums, researches, and monographs on digitalization primarily focus on issues related to digitalization in the fields of security, technology, economy, and education, and to a much lesser extent – the field of culture. This is to a large extent due to the fact that the majority of society considers culture as a sector of secondary importance in societal development, rather than one of the main and equal spheres of vital activity of society. Based on the approach to managing the cultural sphere as a process of mass communication, the author has developed a theoretical and methodological construct – a model for managing the cultural sphere in the conditions of digitalization. Analysis of the digitalization process dynam ics of the cultural sphere in Russia and the author’s practical experience show that the main factors influencing the speed and quality of digital development today are digi tal divides that determine both technological aspects and aspects requiring evaluation and development the actors of social management competencies. The author introdu ces the concept of «digital frustration» into the research practice understood as a result of the second-level digital divide, which, together with physical, psychological, biological and social frustrations can lead society to a state of social anomie.","PeriodicalId":140749,"journal":{"name":"Sociologicheskaja nauka i social'naja praktika","volume":" 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140385438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-24DOI: 10.19181/snsp.2024.12.1.5
Alexander N. Chumikov
The interpretation and interrelation of the concepts of “fact”, “meaning”, “term” throughout the 20th–21st centuries were constantly in the zone of interest of researchers: sociologists, philosophers, cultural scientists, linguists, lawyers, as well as writers and journalists. At the same time, this connection, outwardly understandable and logical, was understood as an increasingly complex composition, depending both on the peculiarities of human perception and on the social modeling of various kinds of messages to target audiences. This article examines the dynamics and current state of these ideas, connected, on the one hand, with the internetization and mediatization of society; and, on the other, motivated by the presence and strengthening of the global socio-political conjuncture at the interstate and other levels. The author’s research focuses on the problems of terrorism as the most acute and revealing. There is no unified internationally accepted definition of terrorism. To an even greater extent, this applies to social practice, in the process of which the perpetrators and customers of terrorist attacks are determined by interested parties in different ways, up to the complete opposite. The immediate facts of terror are interpreted in the same way, when the fixation of a real event is supplemented or completely replaced by a demonstration of its meaning. The article examines the prerequisites and modern practice of creating and subsequent application of factual, meaning and terms elements in the compositions of published messages. By analyzing the materials of Russian and Western mass media, the author explores the dynamic change in the goals and roles of these elements in influencing target audiences. In the course of the study, the hypothesis is put forward and confirmed that reports of acts of terror turn into an instrument of information warfare, and their semantic part acquires a dominant character. Technologies are being developed to verify the facts for authenticity and identify the primary goals of the authors of the messages. However, the priority form of counter-actions is the formation of stereotypical attitudes among target groups to the rejection of events, statements and their content designations in the media, qualified by the state as terrorist.
{"title":"Positioning of facts, meanings and terms in the media: theoretical approaches and practice of covering the problems of terrorism","authors":"Alexander N. Chumikov","doi":"10.19181/snsp.2024.12.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19181/snsp.2024.12.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"The interpretation and interrelation of the concepts of “fact”, “meaning”, “term” throughout the 20th–21st centuries were constantly in the zone of interest of researchers: sociologists, philosophers, cultural scientists, linguists, lawyers, as well as writers and journalists. At the same time, this connection, outwardly understandable and logical, was understood as an increasingly complex composition, depending both on the peculiarities of human perception and on the social modeling of various kinds of messages to target audiences. This article examines the dynamics and current state of these ideas, connected, on the one hand, with the internetization and mediatization of society; and, on the other, motivated by the presence and strengthening of the global socio-political conjuncture at the interstate and other levels. The author’s research focuses on the problems of terrorism as the most acute and revealing. There is no unified internationally accepted definition of terrorism. To an even greater extent, this applies to social practice, in the process of which the perpetrators and customers of terrorist attacks are determined by interested parties in different ways, up to the complete opposite. The immediate facts of terror are interpreted in the same way, when the fixation of a real event is supplemented or completely replaced by a demonstration of its meaning. The article examines the prerequisites and modern practice of creating and subsequent application of factual, meaning and terms elements in the compositions of published messages. By analyzing the materials of Russian and Western mass media, the author explores the dynamic change in the goals and roles of these elements in influencing target audiences. In the course of the study, the hypothesis is put forward and confirmed that reports of acts of terror turn into an instrument of information warfare, and their semantic part acquires a dominant character. Technologies are being developed to verify the facts for authenticity and identify the primary goals of the authors of the messages. However, the priority form of counter-actions is the formation of stereotypical attitudes among target groups to the rejection of events, statements and their content designations in the media, qualified by the state as terrorist.","PeriodicalId":140749,"journal":{"name":"Sociologicheskaja nauka i social'naja praktika","volume":" 93","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140385932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-24DOI: 10.19181/snsp.2024.12.1.6
Narine Givargizova
The article considers the problem of the relevance for the institute of mediation in Russia. Statistical data for the country concerning 2020 are presented and data for the Rostov region to the same period are analyzed. A comparative analysis is made with data for the same period in the Sverdlovsk region. The information and empirical base of the study consists of materials from: the website of the Judicial Department at the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation; the Association of Mediators of the Rostov region “Reconciliation”; “Reconciliation Rooms” in the Arbitration Court of the Sverdlovsk region. The methods of content analysis, statistical analysis, in-depth interviews, and a mass survey conducted among the employed population of the Rostov region aged 21 to 30 years were used. The study revealed: low awareness of respondents about the possibilities of using the mediation procedure, its structure and features; low level of modern mediation practice in the country. It is shown that in Russia today the courts are inundated with lawsuits, while mediation could well constructively solve many social problems. The necessity of creating favorable conditions for the development of mediation activity and its popularization is substantiated. The main reasons preventing the institution of mediation from becoming a popular activity among the population are identified: a low culture of conflict resolution, which in some cases leads to the avoidance of disputants from finding a suitable way to resolve it; a factor of insufficient confidence in the possibility of resolvinga dispute involving a third party. It is concluded that the lack of trust is primarily due to insufficient awareness of the population about the essence of the mediation procedure, about the legal status of the mediation agreement, which in the case of notarization has the force of an executive document. The wider use of all types of media, the increase in online platforms with the location of mediation webinars conducted by experienced specialists in this field will help spread the practice of mediation and will contribute to its early institutionalization.
{"title":"The relevance for the institute of mediation in modern Russia","authors":"Narine Givargizova","doi":"10.19181/snsp.2024.12.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19181/snsp.2024.12.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the problem of the relevance for the institute of mediation in Russia. Statistical data for the country concerning 2020 are presented and data for the Rostov region to the same period are analyzed. A comparative analysis is made with data for the same period in the Sverdlovsk region. The information and empirical base of the study consists of materials from: the website of the Judicial Department at the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation; the Association of Mediators of the Rostov region “Reconciliation”; “Reconciliation Rooms” in the Arbitration Court of the Sverdlovsk region. The methods of content analysis, statistical analysis, in-depth interviews, and a mass survey conducted among the employed population of the Rostov region aged 21 to 30 years were used. The study revealed: low awareness of respondents about the possibilities of using the mediation procedure, its structure and features; low level of modern mediation practice in the country. It is shown that in Russia today the courts are inundated with lawsuits, while mediation could well constructively solve many social problems. The necessity of creating favorable conditions for the development of mediation activity and its popularization is substantiated. The main reasons preventing the institution of mediation from becoming a popular activity among the population are identified: a low culture of conflict resolution, which in some cases leads to the avoidance of disputants from finding a suitable way to resolve it; a factor of insufficient confidence in the possibility of resolvinga dispute involving a third party. It is concluded that the lack of trust is primarily due to insufficient awareness of the population about the essence of the mediation procedure, about the legal status of the mediation agreement, which in the case of notarization has the force of an executive document. The wider use of all types of media, the increase in online platforms with the location of mediation webinars conducted by experienced specialists in this field will help spread the practice of mediation and will contribute to its early institutionalization.","PeriodicalId":140749,"journal":{"name":"Sociologicheskaja nauka i social'naja praktika","volume":" 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140385116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-24DOI: 10.19181/snsp.2024.12.1.1
A. Andreenkova
Studies of the life course address the fundamental issue of social sciences – understanding the social change, its directions, reasons and perspectives, the interaction of micro- and macro levels of social reality. Studies of life course developed independently in different social sciences and scientific traditions cover a broad range of topics, issues and methodological approaches. These variety of studies were grouped into few major research frameworks: psychological within the studies of personality development; longitudinal sociological focused on life course of different cohorts and comparative studies of generations, social groups, countries and regions; domain-based – studies of trajectories in different life domains; demographic studying the timing of life events; studies of stability and transformation of values and biographical research. The multiple methodological approaches to study the life course are suggested to group in two main categories – concurrent and retrospective which differ by the time distance between the occurrence of an event and the reporting about the event. Concurrent approach is characterized by relatively high reliability of the measurement, but low flexibility in selecting research indicators, long time for the organization of data collection and large financial investments. Retrospective approach provides high flexibility in organization and design of the survey, allows free selection of indicators to test research hypotheses, but the reliability of the data is hampered by the memory errors and context effect. None of these approaches alone can satisfy the needs and requirements of studying the life course and collecting dynamic multi-level data. The possible solution is to design and test the multimodal approach combining the advantages of different research methods and mitigating their drawbacks. The new long-term longitudinal project “Life course, values and expectations of the generation of 1990s” (G90) included the test of an autobiographical method of data collection for random samples of the general population in quantitative design. The testing revealed high sensitivity of the method to the format (handwritten, printed or oral), high differentiation between respondents in completeness of information and the selection of events included in the autobiography. Supplementing autobiographies by in-depth interviews increased the data standardization, completeness and comparability. The drawbacks of this method found during the survey are high demand for resources for data analysis, individual approach to each autobiography, low respondents’ cooperation in highly demanding tasks, and ethical issues. The future of the life course studies can be found in the convergence of different research frameworks, multidisciplinary research projects, and the application of mixed-model integrated methodology.
{"title":"Life course studies – conceptual and methodological approaches and solution","authors":"A. Andreenkova","doi":"10.19181/snsp.2024.12.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19181/snsp.2024.12.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Studies of the life course address the fundamental issue of social sciences – understanding the social change, its directions, reasons and perspectives, the interaction of micro- and macro levels of social reality. Studies of life course developed independently in different social sciences and scientific traditions cover a broad range of topics, issues and methodological approaches. These variety of studies were grouped into few major research frameworks: psychological within the studies of personality development; longitudinal sociological focused on life course of different cohorts and comparative studies of generations, social groups, countries and regions; domain-based – studies of trajectories in different life domains; demographic studying the timing of life events; studies of stability and transformation of values and biographical research. The multiple methodological approaches to study the life course are suggested to group in two main categories – concurrent and retrospective which differ by the time distance between the occurrence of an event and the reporting about the event. Concurrent approach is characterized by relatively high reliability of the measurement, but low flexibility in selecting research indicators, long time for the organization of data collection and large financial investments. Retrospective approach provides high flexibility in organization and design of the survey, allows free selection of indicators to test research hypotheses, but the reliability of the data is hampered by the memory errors and context effect. None of these approaches alone can satisfy the needs and requirements of studying the life course and collecting dynamic multi-level data. The possible solution is to design and test the multimodal approach combining the advantages of different research methods and mitigating their drawbacks. The new long-term longitudinal project “Life course, values and expectations of the generation of 1990s” (G90) included the test of an autobiographical method of data collection for random samples of the general population in quantitative design. The testing revealed high sensitivity of the method to the format (handwritten, printed or oral), high differentiation between respondents in completeness of information and the selection of events included in the autobiography. Supplementing autobiographies by in-depth interviews increased the data standardization, completeness and comparability. The drawbacks of this method found during the survey are high demand for resources for data analysis, individual approach to each autobiography, low respondents’ cooperation in highly demanding tasks, and ethical issues. The future of the life course studies can be found in the convergence of different research frameworks, multidisciplinary research projects, and the application of mixed-model integrated methodology.","PeriodicalId":140749,"journal":{"name":"Sociologicheskaja nauka i social'naja praktika","volume":" 0","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140385395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-24DOI: 10.19181/snsp.2024.12.1.3
A. Pinchuk, S. Karepova, D. Tikhomirov
There are discussed in the article the possibilities of using Text Mining methods in the practice of analyzing the information received on the base of open questionnaire questions. The paper presents an example of unigrams and bigrams analysis, as well as the search for latent topic using thematic modeling. Empirical materials present the data of survey conducted in 2022, in which 929 students of one Moscow economics university took part. In the open question of the questionnaire, it was proposed to define the mission of the university. Information made it possible to get the subjective interpretation of the main significancy of higher education in modern conditions. The frequency analysis of unigrams, supplemented by a qualitative analysis of respondents’ statements, allowed reflecting the vocabulary of student discourse about the mission of the university. The articulation of bigrams was carried out on the basis of several statistical metrics, which made it possible to rank phrases and highlight a key set of concepts. The procedure revealed that in the perception of students, the priorities of the university are aimed at the transferring of professional knowledge and skills, in a broad sense – the training of qualified specialists. The social functions of the university, focused on meeting the needs of society and the state, are less pronounced in the conceptual interpretations of the interviewed students. At the next stage of the study the task of articulation and research of latent topics was put forward. The specific feature of thematic modeling is that the words combined into one topic reflect the distribution of words identified by the program, but not a topic that is literally understandable to a person. Taking into account the specifics of the method used, the authors demonstrated the results of search analysis in the practice of processing an open question. As it turned out, the keywords concentrated in the core of the main topics are mainly related to meeting the needs of the students themselves, leaving on the periphery of the verbalized definitions any understanding of the importance of the university as a platform for innovation, scientific research, entrepreneurial and other initiatives for the benefit of society and the country. The results of the presented research can be useful in rethinking the research tools of sociologists in the context of the active development of digital technologies, which requires testing new methods, understanding their real capabilities and limitations in solving the tasks of sociological research.
{"title":"Text Mining technologies in sociological analysis (using the example of studying students`ideas about the mission of a modern university)","authors":"A. Pinchuk, S. Karepova, D. Tikhomirov","doi":"10.19181/snsp.2024.12.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19181/snsp.2024.12.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"There are discussed in the article the possibilities of using Text Mining methods in the practice of analyzing the information received on the base of open questionnaire questions. The paper presents an example of unigrams and bigrams analysis, as well as the search for latent topic using thematic modeling. Empirical materials present the data of survey conducted in 2022, in which 929 students of one Moscow economics university took part. In the open question of the questionnaire, it was proposed to define the mission of the university. Information made it possible to get the subjective interpretation of the main significancy of higher education in modern conditions. The frequency analysis of unigrams, supplemented by a qualitative analysis of respondents’ statements, allowed reflecting the vocabulary of student discourse about the mission of the university. The articulation of bigrams was carried out on the basis of several statistical metrics, which made it possible to rank phrases and highlight a key set of concepts. The procedure revealed that in the perception of students, the priorities of the university are aimed at the transferring of professional knowledge and skills, in a broad sense – the training of qualified specialists. The social functions of the university, focused on meeting the needs of society and the state, are less pronounced in the conceptual interpretations of the interviewed students. At the next stage of the study the task of articulation and research of latent topics was put forward. The specific feature of thematic modeling is that the words combined into one topic reflect the distribution of words identified by the program, but not a topic that is literally understandable to a person. Taking into account the specifics of the method used, the authors demonstrated the results of search analysis in the practice of processing an open question. As it turned out, the keywords concentrated in the core of the main topics are mainly related to meeting the needs of the students themselves, leaving on the periphery of the verbalized definitions any understanding of the importance of the university as a platform for innovation, scientific research, entrepreneurial and other initiatives for the benefit of society and the country. The results of the presented research can be useful in rethinking the research tools of sociologists in the context of the active development of digital technologies, which requires testing new methods, understanding their real capabilities and limitations in solving the tasks of sociological research.","PeriodicalId":140749,"journal":{"name":"Sociologicheskaja nauka i social'naja praktika","volume":" 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140386579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-24DOI: 10.19181/snsp.2024.12.1.7
N. Kostko, I. Pecherkina
The discourse on the city, its forms, planning and management under uncertainty is undoubtedly the most widespread and relevant in the last ten years. The prospects for the development of the city and its urban community depend rather on the articulation and representation of the content of social demand from society, the population of specific cities, than on external factors. Citizens have a clear vision for the future and present of their city. The city perception of its inhabitants is correlated with the citizens’ ideas about the modern city and appears as a discourse in their judgments, opinions and assessments. Urban discourse is defined as positioning, representation of urban identity of citizens and reflection of the perception of the city identity. The presence of this discourse is found in the citizens’ narratives about the city. The study is based on the personal experience narratives, specifically the informants’ reflections upon their evaluation and perception of their city were analyzed. Narrative analysis, supplemented by sentiment analysis (positive or negative presentation of the material) was chosen as a research tactic, the research method is content analysis. The major purpose of this work is to study the perception of the identity of the city by citizens. The novelty of the work is determined by the design of the study, combining qualitative and quantitative approaches, the method of triangulation according to N. Denzin., as well as the choice of a subjective parameter (perception by citizens of their city) as a guideline for managerial actions in shaping the identity of the city in order to achieve connectivity “city – citizen”. An additional contribution of this paper is the construction of a paired logic of connectivity: “city – citizen” through the correlation between the citizens urban identity indicators and the identity of the city on the basis of empirical data of six cities in the Tyumen region. The study showed that citizens with a high level of urban identity perceive the city through personal participation in its life, through the manifestation of subjectivity.
关于不确定情况下的城市、城市形态、规划和管理的讨论无疑是近十年来最广泛和最相关的。城市及其城市社区的发展前景与其说取决于外部因素，不如说取决于社会、特定城市的居民对社会需求内容的表达和表述。市民对自己城市的未来和现在有着清晰的愿景。居民对城市的认知与市民对现代城市的想法相关联，并作为一种话语出现在他们的判断、意见和评估中。城市话语被定义为市民对城市身份的定位和表述，以及对城市身份认知的反映。在市民关于城市的叙述中可以发现这种话语的存在。本研究以个人经历叙事为基础，具体分析了信息提供者对其城市评价和认知的反思。叙事分析辅以情感分析（材料的正面或负面表述）被选为一种研究策略，研究方法是内容分析。这项工作的主要目的是研究市民对城市身份的认知。这项工作的新颖之处在于研究的设计，结合了定性和定量方法，采用了 N. Denzin 的三角测量法，并选择了一个主观参数（市民对其城市的感知）作为管理行动的指导方针，以塑造城市形象，实现 "城市-市民 "的连通性。本文的另一个贡献是构建了一种成对的连通性逻辑：根据秋明地区六个城市的经验数据，通过市民城市认同指标与城市认同之间的相关性，构建了 "城市-市民 "的成对连接逻辑。研究表明，城市认同度高的市民通过参与城市生活，通过主体性的体现来感知城市。
{"title":"Urban identity and perception of the city in management discourse","authors":"N. Kostko, I. Pecherkina","doi":"10.19181/snsp.2024.12.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19181/snsp.2024.12.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"The discourse on the city, its forms, planning and management under uncertainty is undoubtedly the most widespread and relevant in the last ten years. The prospects for the development of the city and its urban community depend rather on the articulation and representation of the content of social demand from society, the population of specific cities, than on external factors. Citizens have a clear vision for the future and present of their city. The city perception of its inhabitants is correlated with the citizens’ ideas about the modern city and appears as a discourse in their judgments, opinions and assessments. Urban discourse is defined as positioning, representation of urban identity of citizens and reflection of the perception of the city identity. The presence of this discourse is found in the citizens’ narratives about the city. The study is based on the personal experience narratives, specifically the informants’ reflections upon their evaluation and perception of their city were analyzed. Narrative analysis, supplemented by sentiment analysis (positive or negative presentation of the material) was chosen as a research tactic, the research method is content analysis. The major purpose of this work is to study the perception of the identity of the city by citizens. The novelty of the work is determined by the design of the study, combining qualitative and quantitative approaches, the method of triangulation according to N. Denzin., as well as the choice of a subjective parameter (perception by citizens of their city) as a guideline for managerial actions in shaping the identity of the city in order to achieve connectivity “city – citizen”. An additional contribution of this paper is the construction of a paired logic of connectivity: “city – citizen” through the correlation between the citizens urban identity indicators and the identity of the city on the basis of empirical data of six cities in the Tyumen region. The study showed that citizens with a high level of urban identity perceive the city through personal participation in its life, through the manifestation of subjectivity.","PeriodicalId":140749,"journal":{"name":"Sociologicheskaja nauka i social'naja praktika","volume":" 38","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140385597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-24DOI: 10.19181/snsp.2024.12.1.2
Galina Tatarova, Anna Chirkova
The article actualizes the problems of typological analysis of young people according to character of health behavior, among them the issues of the formation of typological attributes are particularly highlighted. These are the theoretical constructs; characteristics on the basis of which the respondent is assigned to one or another typological group – the carrier of a certain social type. Various indicators of health behavior claim to be typological attributes. Their choice depends on many factors: on the specifics of the population being studied, on the basis of the typology, on the purpose for which the typological analysis is carried out, on the accumulated experience of research practices in using indicators, etc. The article presents the results of an exploratory research devoted to the study of young people’s representations about health behavior. The initial methodological premise was that the heuristic potential of indicators of health behavior as typological attributes in different groups of young people is different. The plausibility of this premise was confirmed in the process of analyzing text data obtained by the sentence completion method. Based on the construction of pyramids of generalizations (according to a survey of three age groups of young people), the structural elements of the image of “health behavior” (elementary justifications, elements, components) were identified, and the dominant elements and components were identified. As a result, assumptions have been made about the adequacy of certain methodical solutions in the formation of typological attributes.
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Pub Date : 2023-12-25DOI: 10.19181/snsp.2023.11.4.3
M. Podlesnaia, Ilona Ilina
The phenomenon of heroism is multifaceted, and it can be viewed as representations of collective memory or through the lens of attitudes towards the country and its future. The theoretical foundation of this research is based, on the one hand, on a philosophical analysis of the semantic meanings of the concepts «hero» and «heroism», including variations in different cultures, and it defines the constants of the national semantics of heroism. On the other hand, it relies on the sociological theory of N. K. Mikhailovsky and the theory of social action, particularly the affective (borderline) theory. It also draws on the developments in creative and relational theories (M. Emirbayer, A. Mische), and relational sociology by P. Donati. The empirical part of the study involves the analysis of data from quota-based online surveys with a random sample, conducted by a group of sociologists and philosophers from the Institute of Sociology of the FCTAS RAS, Tyumen State University, and Vernadsky Crimean Federal University at the beginning of 2023. The survey included 1350 respondents from eight federal districts of the Russian Federation. The research results showed that heroes and heroism remain predominantly associated with the Soviet past, when the names, faces, and destinies of heroes were known from childhood, and the entire era was considered heroic. Heroism was ideologically supported and socially constructed during that time. In the present, heroes are usually depersonalised and associated with a group, such as the military or professionals. Post-Soviet generations had difficulty naming a hero on their own, as for a long time there was no social demand for this type of personality and behaviour. Regarding contemporary Russia, half of the respondents expressed positive feelings of pride, hope, and love, while some felt concern, disappointment, and shame. Furthermore, the clustering of responses indicated that feelings towards Russia are variable and not exclusively dichotomous. Respondents could simultaneously express love, disappointment, and hope. As for the future, respondents were much clearer about their own personal future (70% or more) than about the future of the country. The Soviet generation was more optimistic about the country’s future compared to the post-Soviet generations. This, among other signs, may suggest that post-Soviet generations found themselves in a situation where there was not only no demand for heroic personalities but also the state did not articulate a clear vision of the country’s future. Therefore, they have formed their own view of their personal future, which is seen more clearly and independently of the state’s goalsetting, while heroes and heroism are primarily associated with the Soviet past.
英雄主义现象是多方面的，它可以作为集体记忆的表征，也可以从对国家及其未来的态度的角度来看待。本研究的理论基础一方面基于对 "英雄 "和 "英雄主义 "概念语义的哲学分析，包括不同文化中的差异，并确定了英雄主义民族语义的常量。另一方面，它还借鉴了 N. K. Mikhailovsky 的社会学理论和社会行动理论，特别是情感（边缘）理论。它还借鉴了创造性理论和关系理论（M. Emirbayer、A. Mische）的发展，以及 P. Donati 的关系社会学。研究的实证部分包括对随机抽样配额在线调查数据的分析，该调查由来自联邦科学研究中心社会学研究所、秋明国立大学和弗尔纳德斯基克里米亚联邦大学的一组社会学家和哲学家于 2023 年初进行。调查对象包括来自俄罗斯联邦八个联邦区的 1350 名受访者。研究结果表明，英雄和英雄主义仍然主要与苏联的过去联系在一起，那时人们从小就知道英雄的名字、面孔和命运，整个时代都被认为是英雄的时代。在那个时代，英雄主义得到了意识形态的支持和社会的建构。在当下，英雄通常被非人格化，并与某个群体（如军队或专业人士）联系在一起。苏联解体后的几代人很难自己说出一个英雄的名字，因为在很长一段时间里，社会对这种人格和行为没有需求。关于当代俄罗斯，半数受访者表达了自豪、希望和爱的积极情感，也有一些人感到担忧、失望和羞愧。此外，答复的分组表明，对俄罗斯的感情是多变的，并不完全是二分法。受访者可以同时表达爱、失望和希望。至于未来，受访者对自己个人未来的看法（70% 或更多）要比对国家未来的看法明确得多。与苏联解体后的几代人相比，苏联解体后的几代人对国家的未来更加乐观。除其他迹象外，这可能表明，后苏联一代人发现自己所处的环境不仅没有对英雄人物的需求，而且国家也没有对国家的未来提出明确的愿景。因此，他们形成了自己对个人未来的看法，这种看法更加清晰，独立于国家的目标设定，而英雄和英雄主义则主要与苏联的过去联系在一起。
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Pub Date : 2023-12-25DOI: 10.19181/snsp.2023.11.4.5
Yulya V. Ukhanova, A. Zhdanova
The comfort of the urban environment is one of the key factors influencing the quality of life for the population. A particular focus is placed on examining small towns (with a population of up to 50,000 people) from the perspective of their suitability for local community living. In order to comprehensively study the issue of a comfortable urban environment in the Russian provinces, the dynamics of the urban environment quality index in a number of cities in the Vologda Region were analysed, and survey materials from local residents (n = 1400) were also utilised. It is argued that sociological diagnostics complements and reveals statistical information on problem areas in urban development, allowing for the development of a unified approach to overcoming these issues, taking into account the opinions of the residents themselves. The study concluded that over the past five years, the development of small towns in the region has shown a positive trend, with an increase in the urban environment quality index being observed. However, based on the data for 2022, only 4 out of 13 small towns (Veliky Ustyug, Kharovsk, Totma, Sokol) can be considered as having a favourable urban environment. According to statistical data, the most problematic areas of the urban environment in small areas are social and recreational infrastructure and public business infrastructure. According to the opinions of residents, the quality of medical and educational services and housing availability are also significant issues. More positively, the environmental situation is evaluated in cities (as indicated by the index indicators and local residents’ judgments), as well as the level of safety and crime rates. Despite the presence of problematic areas in the development of small towns and their lag in terms of living comfort, the overall attitude of the local community toward theirplace of residence is positive, with a willingness to take responsibility for the city’s development. The results obtained serve as a basis for the policy of preserving and developing small areas, addressing social contradictions, and establishing promising directions for creating a comfortable living environment in these areas, taking into account the opinions and participation of the local community in these processes.
{"title":"Small towns in Russia as a comfortable living space: myth vs reality (based on the Vologda region)","authors":"Yulya V. Ukhanova, A. Zhdanova","doi":"10.19181/snsp.2023.11.4.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19181/snsp.2023.11.4.5","url":null,"abstract":"The comfort of the urban environment is one of the key factors influencing the quality of life for the population. A particular focus is placed on examining small towns (with a population of up to 50,000 people) from the perspective of their suitability for local community living. In order to comprehensively study the issue of a comfortable urban environment in the Russian provinces, the dynamics of the urban environment quality index in a number of cities in the Vologda Region were analysed, and survey materials from local residents (n = 1400) were also utilised. It is argued that sociological diagnostics complements and reveals statistical information on problem areas in urban development, allowing for the development of a unified approach to overcoming these issues, taking into account the opinions of the residents themselves. The study concluded that over the past five years, the development of small towns in the region has shown a positive trend, with an increase in the urban environment quality index being observed. However, based on the data for 2022, only 4 out of 13 small towns (Veliky Ustyug, Kharovsk, Totma, Sokol) can be considered as having a favourable urban environment. According to statistical data, the most problematic areas of the urban environment in small areas are social and recreational infrastructure and public business infrastructure. According to the opinions of residents, the quality of medical and educational services and housing availability are also significant issues. More positively, the environmental situation is evaluated in cities (as indicated by the index indicators and local residents’ judgments), as well as the level of safety and crime rates. Despite the presence of problematic areas in the development of small towns and their lag in terms of living comfort, the overall attitude of the local community toward theirplace of residence is positive, with a willingness to take responsibility for the city’s development. The results obtained serve as a basis for the policy of preserving and developing small areas, addressing social contradictions, and establishing promising directions for creating a comfortable living environment in these areas, taking into account the opinions and participation of the local community in these processes.","PeriodicalId":140749,"journal":{"name":"Sociologicheskaja nauka i social'naja praktika","volume":"36 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139157601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-25DOI: 10.19181/snsp.2023.11.4.7
Svetlana Ryzhova
The article presents the results of the study of ethnic identity and ethnic tolerance as significant elements of the mass consciousness of Russians. The empirical basis is provided by representative sociological research conducted in the Russian Federation, data from the «Public Opinion» Foundation, and research conducted in the Kabardino-Balkar Republic, along with in-depth interviews with experts from Kabardino-Balkaria. It is noted that the ethnic diversity in the Russian Federation is enshrined in the public and doctrinal discourse, reflected in the Constitution of the country, and the Strategy of State National Policy. Research shows that while there is a high level of ethnic identity among Russians, there is also a high level of interethnic tolerance, which is necessary for fostering processes of nationwide consolidation. The most significant indicator of interethnic tolerance is the perception that violence in resolving interethnic and interreligious conflicts is unacceptable. Disrupting the established consensus could occur through the breach of fairness in interethnic relations. From 2010 to 2021, Russian society moved towards embracing the multinational character of Russia, with the level of positive assessments of Russian multi-ethnicity rising from 34% to 52%. Normative interethnic tolerance, expressed through the willingness to accept people of different nationalities as citizens of the Russian Federation and residents of their own region (republic, region, city, town, or village), exceeds 70%. Ethnic identity and interethnic tolerance can be viewed as stable dominants of mass consciousness firmly rooted in the realm of beliefs, social practices, and social institutions, actively influencing nation-building processes and national-civic consolidation. The conclusion is that unique models and formats of nationbuilding are emerging in the regions of Russia, shaped not only by federal and regional policies related to ethnic and Russian identity but also by everyday, historically developed, and locally rooted traditional forms of interethnic (and interreligious) interaction and socio-normative practices of interethnic tolerance.
{"title":"Ethnic identity and tolerance in a multicultural society: an all-Russian perspective and research in Kabardino-Balkaria","authors":"Svetlana Ryzhova","doi":"10.19181/snsp.2023.11.4.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19181/snsp.2023.11.4.7","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of the study of ethnic identity and ethnic tolerance as significant elements of the mass consciousness of Russians. The empirical basis is provided by representative sociological research conducted in the Russian Federation, data from the «Public Opinion» Foundation, and research conducted in the Kabardino-Balkar Republic, along with in-depth interviews with experts from Kabardino-Balkaria. It is noted that the ethnic diversity in the Russian Federation is enshrined in the public and doctrinal discourse, reflected in the Constitution of the country, and the Strategy of State National Policy. Research shows that while there is a high level of ethnic identity among Russians, there is also a high level of interethnic tolerance, which is necessary for fostering processes of nationwide consolidation. The most significant indicator of interethnic tolerance is the perception that violence in resolving interethnic and interreligious conflicts is unacceptable. Disrupting the established consensus could occur through the breach of fairness in interethnic relations. From 2010 to 2021, Russian society moved towards embracing the multinational character of Russia, with the level of positive assessments of Russian multi-ethnicity rising from 34% to 52%. Normative interethnic tolerance, expressed through the willingness to accept people of different nationalities as citizens of the Russian Federation and residents of their own region (republic, region, city, town, or village), exceeds 70%. Ethnic identity and interethnic tolerance can be viewed as stable dominants of mass consciousness firmly rooted in the realm of beliefs, social practices, and social institutions, actively influencing nation-building processes and national-civic consolidation. The conclusion is that unique models and formats of nationbuilding are emerging in the regions of Russia, shaped not only by federal and regional policies related to ethnic and Russian identity but also by everyday, historically developed, and locally rooted traditional forms of interethnic (and interreligious) interaction and socio-normative practices of interethnic tolerance.","PeriodicalId":140749,"journal":{"name":"Sociologicheskaja nauka i social'naja praktika","volume":"12 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139157698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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